1、考研英语二（完形填空）模拟试卷 114 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The unhealthy ingredients and low nutrition content of the food can make you
2、 less active and lazy, new research shows. No surprises there.【C1】_, what is more shocking is that the energy-weakening effects of a junk food diet can persist,【C2】_after you switch to a healthy【C3】_. Two groups of female rats were fed different diets by researchers for a six-month period. One group
3、 ate unprocessed foods such as corn and fish meal【C4】_the other ate a diet【C5】_to imitate junk food; high in sugar, and lower in【C6】_. While understandably the group eating the junk food diet gained more weight than the other, they also【C7】_from fatigue and became less active and less【C8】_ie: lazier
4、. In fact, those rats fed junk food took twice as many, and longer breaks during tasks than the rats eating a healthy diet, even tasks which【C9】_rewards. What is even more【C10】_is that switching these rats back onto a nutritious diet at the end of six months for nine days didnt seem to reverse their
5、 weight gain or their learnt laziness. This could suggest that while an【C11】_case of bad foodsay on holiday, will not have too much of a【C12】_effect if you generally eat a good diet and lead a healthy lifestyle. But those who eat a poor diet【C13】_the long term may actually become lazy and fatigued,
6、as well as gaining weight and suffering the health consequences【C14】_being overweight. The research shows that switching【C15】_a healthy diet in the short term is unlikely to be【C16】_to reverse any of the side effects of a diet high in junk food. “Overweight people are often regarded as lazy and lack
7、ing【C17】_,“ says Blaisdell, a professor of psychology at UCLA “We【C18】_our results as suggesting that the idea commonly【C19】_in the media that people become fat because they are lazy is wrong. Our data suggest that diet-induced obesity is a cause,【C20】_an effect, of laziness. Either the highly proce
8、ssed diet causes fatigue or the diet causes obesity, which causes fatigue.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.MeanwhileB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Moreover(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.everB.shortlyC.onlyD.even(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.regimeB.bodyC.scheduleD.lifestyle(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.whileB.becauseC.ifD.and(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.
9、servedB.aimedC.meantD.made(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.caloriesB.nutrientsC.proteinsD.vitamins(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.rangedB.differedC.sufferedD.judged(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.dullB.diligentC.excitedD.motivated(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.generatedB.handledC.designedD.created(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.confusingB.obviousC.popularD.conc
10、erning(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.optionalB.occasionalC.significantD.exceptional(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.sensitiveB.strangeC.negativeD.positive(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.overB.inC.afterD.by(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.defined asB.associated withC.combined withD.assisted in(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.onB.offC.toD.in(16).【C16】（分数：2.
11、00）A.sufficientB.usefulC.competentD.efficient(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.courtesyB.disciplineC.regulationD.confidence(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.testB.expressC.interpretD.demonstrate(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.prescribedB.provedC.portrayedD.argued(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.better thanB.other thanC.sooner thanD.rather thanThe
12、price of a bitcoin topped $900 last week, an enormous surge in value that arrived amidst Congressional hearings where top U.S. financial regulators took a surprisingly optimistic view of digital currency. Just 10 months ago, a bitcoin only sold for $13. The【C1】_increase was big news across the【C2】_,
13、 from Washington to Tokyo to China, and it left many asking themselves: “What on earth is a bitcoin?“ Its a good question. Bitcoin is a digital currency, meaning its money controlled and stored entirely by computers【C3】_across the internet, and this money is finding its way to more and more people a
14、nd businesses around the world.【C4】_its much more than that, and many people【C5】_the sharpest of internet【C6】_as well as seasoned economistsare still【C7】_to come to terms【C8】_its many identities. Bitcoin isnt just a currency, like dollars or euros or yen. Its a way of making【C9】_, like PayPal or the
15、 Visa credit card network. It lets you hold money, but it also lets you spend it and【C10】_it and move it from place to place, almost as cheaply and easily as youd send an email. As the press so often points out, bitcoin lets you do all this without【C11】_your identity. But at the same time, its a sys
16、tem that operates【C12】_in the public view. All bitcoin【C13】_are recorded online for anyone to see, lending a certain transparency to the system, a transparency that can drive a new【C14】_in the economy. Bitcoin is much more than a money service. Its a re-imagining of【C15】_finance, something that【C16】
17、_barriers between countries and frees currency from the control of federal governments. Bitcoin is controlled by open source software that operates according to the【C17】_of mathematicsand by the people who collectively supervise this software. The software【C18】_on thousands of machines around the wo
18、rld, but it can be changed Its just that a majority of those supervising the software must【C19】_to the change.【C20】_, bitcoin is kind of like the internet, but for money.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.sharpB.steadyC.gradualD.slight(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.cityB.countryC.continentD.globe(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.sp
19、readB.broadcastC.appearedD.run(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.MeanwhileB.ThereforeC.ButD.Moreover(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.concerningB.includingC.excludingD.regarding(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.amateursB.pioneersC.editorsD.strangers(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.combatingB.threateningC.challengingD.struggling(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.byB.inC.with
20、D.for(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.paymentsB.moneyC.effortsD.deals(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.switchB.changeC.tradeD.transfer(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.discoveringB.revealingC.disclosingD.uncovering(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.equallyB.initiallyC.completelyD.broadly(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.transitionsB.transmissionsC.transformationsD.
21、transactions(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.trustB.competitionC.benefitD.boom(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.domesticB.commercialC.stateD.international(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.breaks offB.breaks outC.breaks downD.breaks up(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.lawsB.rulesC.regulationsD.acts(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.handlesB.worksC.manipulatesD.run
22、s(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.planB.agreeC.encourageD.object(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.After allB.In shortC.As usualD.At least考研英语二（完形填空）模拟试卷 114 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blan
23、k and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：The unhealthy ingredients and low nutrition content of the food can make you less active and lazy, new research shows. No surprises there.【C1】_, what is more shocking is that the energy-weakening effects of a junk food diet can persist,【C2】_after you switch to a
24、 healthy【C3】_. Two groups of female rats were fed different diets by researchers for a six-month period. One group ate unprocessed foods such as corn and fish meal【C4】_the other ate a diet【C5】_to imitate junk food; high in sugar, and lower in【C6】_. While understandably the group eating the junk food
25、 diet gained more weight than the other, they also【C7】_from fatigue and became less active and less【C8】_ie: lazier. In fact, those rats fed junk food took twice as many, and longer breaks during tasks than the rats eating a healthy diet, even tasks which【C9】_rewards. What is even more【C10】_is that s
26、witching these rats back onto a nutritious diet at the end of six months for nine days didnt seem to reverse their weight gain or their learnt laziness. This could suggest that while an【C11】_case of bad foodsay on holiday, will not have too much of a【C12】_effect if you generally eat a good diet and
27、lead a healthy lifestyle. But those who eat a poor diet【C13】_the long term may actually become lazy and fatigued, as well as gaining weight and suffering the health consequences【C14】_being overweight. The research shows that switching【C15】_a healthy diet in the short term is unlikely to be【C16】_to r
28、everse any of the side effects of a diet high in junk food. “Overweight people are often regarded as lazy and lacking【C17】_,“ says Blaisdell, a professor of psychology at UCLA “We【C18】_our results as suggesting that the idea commonly【C19】_in the media that people become fat because they are lazy is
29、wrong. Our data suggest that diet-induced obesity is a cause,【C20】_an effect, of laziness. Either the highly processed diet causes fatigue or the diet causes obesity, which causes fatigue.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.MeanwhileB.ThereforeC.However D.Moreover解析：解析：上句提到食物中含不健康成分以及营养含量低会有不良影响，而且这一现象司空见
30、惯(No surprises there)，空格后则说 what is more shocking(更令人更加震惊的是)，这与 No surprises 语义相反，所以应填入表转折关系的连词。选 C 项 However“然而”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.everB.shortlyC.onlyD.even 解析：解析：前半句提到垃圾食品饮食方式导致的精力减退效应会长时间持续，主语 what is more shocking 表示这种效应超出了人们的预期，D 项 even 可用来加强语气，表示“即使，甚至连都”，用于强调 after 引导的时间状语从句。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00
31、）A.regime B.bodyC.scheduleD.lifestyle解析：解析：上文提到垃圾食品饮食方式(a junk food diet)的不良影响，switch 表示“切换”，所以与 a junk food diet 相反的应该是健康的饮食。A 项 regine 表示“养生法，饮食起居”与 diet 语义对应。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.while B.becauseC.ifD.and解析：解析：本句分别说明给两组小白鼠喂食，一组吃未经加工的食物(unprocessed foods)，另一组吃垃圾食品(junk food)。A 项 while“而”表对比关系，符合逻辑。(5
32、).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.servedB.aimed C.meantD.made解析：解析：前面提到一组小白鼠吃未经加工的食物即健康食品，而这一组就要吃“垃圾食品”。据推测，实验人员试图使这组的食物仿制成人类的垃圾食品。B 项 aimed 与 to 搭配表示“努力；试图”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.caloriesB.nutrients C.proteinsD.vitamins解析：解析：high in sugar, and lower in是对 junk food 的进一步解释。文章第一句表明 junkfood营养含量低(low nutrition content)，B
33、项 nutrients“营养”是同义复现。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.rangedB.differedC.suffered D.judged解析：解析：空格后的 fatigue 为不良后果，空格需填入能与 from 搭配的动词且能表达贬义。C 项suffered from“受的折磨；患病”，符合语义逻辑。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.dullB.diligentC.excitedD.motivated 解析：解析：空格前的 and 表明此空与前面的 active 属于同一范畴的内容，可判断 D 项 motivated 符合。less motivated 意为“没那么积极的”。
34、(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.generated B.handledC.designedD.created解析：解析：which 指代 tasks(任务)，空格后为宾语 rewards(奖励)。由 even 可知这些吃垃圾食品的小白鼠在所有的任务中都表现不佳。而用于试验的动物通常会养成条件反射，有奖励时会有更好的表现。因此选 A 项 generated“产生”，可以与“奖励”构成合理的动宾关系。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.confusingB.obviousC.popularD.concerning 解析：解析：that 从句提到这些小白鼠结束实验，切换回健康营养的饮食方
35、式长达 9 天后，依然不能扭转体重增加以及慵懒的状态，这说明垃圾食物对健康的影响非常大，故 D 项 concerning“令人担忧”符合研究者对这种现象的反应。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.optionalB.occasional C.significantD.exceptional解析：解析：根据表对比的 while 来判断，if 条件状语从句中的 generally eat a good diet(平时饮食健康)应与 ancase of bad food 存在对比。因此空格处所填的词语语义和 generally 相反并能说明插入语 holiday 的性质，故 B 项 occas
36、ional“偶尔的”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.sensitiveB.strangeC.negative D.positive解析：解析：空格前后谈论的是，如果平时饮食健康并且有良好的生活方式，那么偶尔在假期的时候吃不健康的食品会有什么影响。从下一句 But 之后相反的内容可以看出，偶尔吃不健康的食品不会带来太多负面的影响，空格前已经出现 not，故填入 C 项 negative“负面的”，表明“不会带来太多负面的影响”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.over B.inC.afterD.by解析：解析：定语从句中需填入一个介词与 the long term 构成的短
37、语作为 eat a poor diet 的时间状语。A 项 over 表示“在期间”，over the long term 表示“在长期内”，该句意为对于在长期内饮食不健康的人而言。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.defined asB.associated with C.combined withD.assisted in解析：解析：长期饮食不健康的人很有可能变得懒惰、疲劳(lazy and fatigued)、体重增加(gaining weight)，还要承担因此而产生的后果(consequences)。此空格需填入的短语与 being overweight 构成conseque
38、nces 的后置定语，说明两者的关系。B 项 associated with“与有关”，表明饮食不健康与超重有关。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.onB.offC.to D.in解析：解析：此处填入与 switching(转换)搭配的介词，宾语是 a healthy diet，与上一段第一句switching these rats back onto a nutritious diet 语义对应。switch to 表示“转变成”符合语义逻辑。故选 C 项 to。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.sufficient B.usefulC.competentD.efficien
39、t解析：解析：本段开头提到研究中观察到那些吃了 6 个月的垃圾食品的小白鼠，切换回健康营养的饮食方式 9 天后，仍然不能扭转体重增加以及慵懒的状态。本句与上文语义呼应，阐述小白鼠实验中得出的结论：短期内不能逆转食用大量垃圾食品导致的副作用(reverse any of the side effects)，因为短期内给身体补充健康的食物是不够的，故选择 A 项 sufficient“足够的”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.courtesyB.discipline C.regulationD.confidence解析：解析：根据常识可知，如果摄入过多的脂肪和糖分，又缺乏运动便会超重。因
40、此要控制体重必须节制这些食物，少吃多运动，而超重者之所以超重是因为他们自控能力差。因此 B 项 discipline 为答案，lacking discipline 表示“缺乏自制力”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.testB.expressC.interpret D.demonstrate解析：解析：本句继续讨论超重者超重的原因和人们对超重的看法：人们变胖的原因是他们很懒，指出这种说法是错误的。此空格的宾语是 our results，所需词语要能与 as 搭配，且能说明宾语。 interpret sth as sth“把理解为”符合语义逻辑，故选 C 项。(19).【C19】（分数
41、：2.00）A.prescribedB.provedC.portrayed D.argued解析：解析：the idea 指的是其后的 that 从句“人们变胖的原因是他们很懒”，空格所需词语应能体现这种 idea 和媒体的关系。公众的认识通常会有媒体影响，而这种观点往往会被媒体大肆渲染。C 项portrayed“描绘”符合语义。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.better thanB.other thanC.sooner thanD.rather than 解析：解析：空格前提到，饮食诱发的肥胖是懒惰的原因(cause)，换句话说，肥胖不是懒惰的结果(effect)。D 项 rat
42、her than“而不是”代入句中逻辑正确。The price of a bitcoin topped $900 last week, an enormous surge in value that arrived amidst Congressional hearings where top U.S. financial regulators took a surprisingly optimistic view of digital currency. Just 10 months ago, a bitcoin only sold for $13. The【C1】_increase was
43、 big news across the【C2】_, from Washington to Tokyo to China, and it left many asking themselves: “What on earth is a bitcoin?“ Its a good question. Bitcoin is a digital currency, meaning its money controlled and stored entirely by computers【C3】_across the internet, and this money is finding its way
44、 to more and more people and businesses around the world.【C4】_its much more than that, and many people【C5】_the sharpest of internet【C6】_as well as seasoned economistsare still【C7】_to come to terms【C8】_its many identities. Bitcoin isnt just a currency, like dollars or euros or yen. Its a way of makin
45、g【C9】_, like PayPal or the Visa credit card network. It lets you hold money, but it also lets you spend it and【C10】_it and move it from place to place, almost as cheaply and easily as youd send an email. As the press so often points out, bitcoin lets you do all this without【C11】_your identity. But a
46、t the same time, its a system that operates【C12】_in the public view. All bitcoin【C13】_are recorded online for anyone to see, lending a certain transparency to the system, a transparency that can drive a new【C14】_in the economy. Bitcoin is much more than a money service. Its a re-imagining of【C15】_fi
47、nance, something that【C16】_barriers between countries and frees currency from the control of federal governments. Bitcoin is controlled by open source software that operates according to the【C17】_of mathematicsand by the people who collectively supervise this software. The software【C18】_on thousands of machines around the world, but it can be changed Its just that a majority of those supervising the software must【C19】_to the change.【C20】_, bitcoin is kind of like the internet, but for money.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.sharp B.steadyC.gradua
