ASHRAE LO-09-067-2009 Field Measurements of Innovative Indoor Shading Systems in a Full-Scale Office Testbed《办公室全方位现场实测创新的室内遮阳体系测试》.pdf
《ASHRAE LO-09-067-2009 Field Measurements of Innovative Indoor Shading Systems in a Full-Scale Office Testbed《办公室全方位现场实测创新的室内遮阳体系测试》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASHRAE LO-09-067-2009 Field Measurements of Innovative Indoor Shading Systems in a Full-Scale Office Testbed《办公室全方位现场实测创新的室内遮阳体系测试》.pdf(23页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、706 2009 ASHRAEABSTRACTThe development of spectrally selective low-e glass with its superior solar control and high daylight admission has led to widespread use of large-area, “transparent” or visually clear glass windows in commercial building facades. This type of faade can provide significant inh
2、erent daylighting poten-tial (ability to offset lighting energy use) and move us closer to the goal of achieving zero energy buildings, if not for the unmit-igated glare that results from the unshaded glazing. Conven-tional shading systems result in a significant loss of daylight and view. Can innov
3、ative shading solutions successfully balance the tradeoffs between daylight, solar heat gains, discomfort glare, and view?To investigate this issue, a six-month solstice-to-solstice field study was conducted in a sunny climate to measure the thermal and daylighting performance of a south-facing, ful
4、l-scale, office testbed with large-area windows and a variety of innovative indoor shading systems. Indoor shading systems included manually-operated and automated roller shades, Venetian blinds, daylight-redirecting blinds, and a static trans-lucent diffusing panel placed inboard of the window glaz
5、ing. These innovative systems were compared to a reference shade lowered to block direct sun.With continuous dimming controls, all shading systems yielded lighting energy savings between 43-69% compared to a non-dimming case, but only the automated systems were able to meet visual comfort criteria t
6、hroughout the entire monitored period. Cooling loads due to solar and thermal loads from the window were increased by 2-10% while peak cooling loads were decreased by up to 14%. The results from this experiment illustrate that some indoor shading systems can preserve daylight potential while meeting
7、 comfort requirements. Trends will differ significantly depending on application.INTRODUCTIONInterest in energy-efficient buildings has increased signif-icantly due to mounting concerns over the rising cost of oil, depletion of fossil fuels, and global climate change. The build-ing industry is feeli
8、ng more pressure to deliver building energy-efficiency and performance at levels significantly beyond what has been achieved in the past. It is common to hear design teams stating ambitious objectives of beating code by 30% to 50% or attaining zero energy building (ZEB) status through a combination
9、of efficient technologies, design, and renewable energy sources.The mission statements of US public funding agencies such as the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the Califor-nia Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research (CEC PIER) program, who have sponsored this research, have long been fo
10、cused on the development and deployment of innovative, near- and long-term technological and design solu-tions to improve the nations energy security and ensure economic growth. Adoption of innovative emerging technol-ogies, however, has traditionally been slow. Industry has been cautious and risk a
11、verse over the past decades. With the stron-ger desire and pressure to meet the global challenges of today, demand has grown for innovative solutions that can deliver significant, reliable energy use and demand reductions, while meeting occupant comfort and other practical requirements.While the lev
12、el of motivation for energy-efficiency may have changed, the practical basis for business decision making has not. Architects, engineers, and building owners still require practical assurances that an energy-efficiency measure will Field Measurements of Innovative Indoor Shading Systems in a Full-Sc
13、ale Office TestbedE.S. Lee D.L. DiBartolomeo J.H. Klems, PhD R.D. Clear, PhD K. KonisM. Yazdanian B.C. ParkMember ASHRAEE.S. Lee, J.H. Klems, and R.D. Clear are staff scientists, D.L. DiBartolomeo and M. Yazdanian are principal research associates, and K. Konis is a graduate research assistant in th
14、e Building Technologies Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA. B.C. Park is a visiting researcher from Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.LO-09-067 2009, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
15、 (www.ashrae.org). Published in ASHRAE Transactions 2009, vol. 115, part 2. For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ASHRAE Transactions 707deliver performance benefits reli
16、ably over the life of the instal-lation in a cost-effective manner and will not lead to any unfore-seen negative consequences. Utilities and regulators in some states like California must meet increasingly stringent energy, demand, and greenhouse gas emission reduction goals so data are needed to en
17、sure that efforts are targeted toward innova-tions most likely to deliver reliable, sustained reductions.Therefore, a primary barrier to accelerating market adop-tion of innovative technological solutions is a lack of sufficient proof or data, which is particularly difficult to obtain for enabling t
18、echnologies such as faade systems. Facades impact both the mechanical cooling, heating, and lighting energy end uses in a synergistic or tradeoff relationship. In terms of energy and comfort, many emerging faade technologies cannot be modeled routinely using traditional simulation tools or require a
19、 level of modeling finesse beyond the budget constraints of most building projects. Field studies or mockups of innovative technologies conducted by third-party entities or internally by the owner, design team, or utility can help to answer many of the practical questions regarding product features,
20、 appear-ance, operational characteristics, and utility of the technology. Obtaining sufficient experimental data to characterize energy savings and occupant comfort, however, is beyond the budget of typical projects.This study seeks to address the above context and barriers to market adoption by pro
21、viding comparative experimental performance data in a timely manner so as to support industry efforts to assess the potential of emerging shading-daylighting technologies in the short term. This phase of field work focused on indoor shading devices, which have potentially broad market applicability
22、in both new and retrofit markets in terms of ease of application and lower cost compared to core and shell improvements or renovations. Daylight-enhancing indoor shading systems and dynamic, motorized shades were evaluated. Outdoor shading devices are being studied in a second phase (June to Decembe
23、r 2008) since these systems can be more effective for low-energy cooling strategies and can be more easily regulated by codes and standards if perma-nently attached to the building.The experiment was designed to provide simultaneously-measured performance data on the wide range of parameters affecte
24、d by innovative window systems in order to quantify the tradeoff relationships between solar and glare control versus daylight admission. The experiment was conducted in a full-scale mockup of a south-facing private office over a solstice-to-solstice period in a temperate, sunny climate. Lighting en
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