ASME STS-1-2016 Steel Stacks.pdf
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1、Steel StacksAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME STS-12016(Revision of ASME STS-12011)ASME STS-12016(Revision of ASME STS-12011)Steel StacksAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: March 31, 2017The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication i
2、n 2021.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the Committee Web page and under go.asme.org/InterpsDatabase. Periodically certain actions of the ASME STS Committee may be published asCases. Cases are p
3、ublished on the ASME Web site under the STS Committee Page at go.asme.org/STScommittee as they are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errors
4、in codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The STS Committee Page can be found at go.asme.org/STScommittee. There is an option availableto automatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the ap
5、propriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Stand
6、ards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public inp
7、ut from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mention
8、ed in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the
9、risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpret
10、ations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of
11、the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2017 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the STS Committee viIntroduction . viii1 Mecha
12、nical Design . 12 Materials 43 Linings and Coatings . 74 Structural Design. 125 Dynamic Wind Loads . 216 Access and Safety 247 Electrical. 308 Fabrication and Erection 319 Inspection and Maintenance 3210 References . 34Figures6.2.6-1 Example of the General Construction of Cages . 256.2.6-2 Minimum L
13、adder Clearances 266.3.6-1 Ladder Dimensions, Support Spacing, and Side Clearances . 276.3.8-1 Landing Platform Dimensions . 28Tables4.4.6-1 Factors of Safety 164.4.7-1 Minimum Fabricated Plate Thickness and Maximum Stiffener Spacing 174.11.1.3-1 Cable Selection Criteria . 195.2.1.2-1 Representative
14、 Structural Damping Values (H9252s). 22Mandatory AppendixI Structural Design (Gust Effect Factor Calculation) 37Nonmandatory AppendicesA Mechanical Design 48B Materials for Ambient and Elevated Temperature Service . 62C Linings and Coatings . 77D Structural Design . 82E Example Calculations . 88F Co
15、nversion Factors: U.S. Customary to SI (Metric) . 97iiiFOREWORDIn early 1978, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers was approached by a groupinterested in formulating a standard for the design, fabrication, and erection of steel stacks andtheir appurtenances. They felt there was a need for su
16、ch a Standard to establish a better levelof standardization in the industry and for safeguarding the community. Because of the particularnature of stacks and their susceptibility to failures due to wind and seismic-induced vibrations,along with corrosion and erosion, the design process is a complex
17、one. Additionally, recentregulations by the Environmental Protection Agency concerning emissions have placed a strongemphasis on the mechanical design of stacks. In the last several decades, much research has beendone and many papers written on the subject. While investigation and research continued
18、, itwas the feeling of these persons that some formal guidelines needed to be established. Therefore,in April of 1979, a group composed of stack users, researchers, designers, fabricators, and erectorsconvened at the United Engineering Center in New York City under the auspices of the AmericanSociet
19、y of Mechanical Engineers to formulate such a code.With the above in mind, the group subdivided and began gathering information to formulateguidelines for mechanical design, material selection, the use of linings and coatings, structuraldesign, vibration considerations, access and safety, electrical
20、 requirements, and fabrication andconstruction. When these were established, a section on maintenance and inspection was added.The following is a result of their work and investigation. The initial document was approved asan American National Standard in August 1986 and published as ASME/ANSI STS-1-
21、1986 inMay 1988.During the next 3 yr, the committee received comments from the public at large and from itsown membership regarding the Standards content. Several formulas needed correction, andsome of the symbols needed clarification. Section 6.3.3 regarding Earthquake Response was alsoreviewed and
22、 revised to allow for static rather than dynamic analysis in certain cases and tocorrelate it with ASCE STD-7-88 (formerly ANSI A58-1). These changes were then submitted tothe general membership and approved.In 1994, the committee was reorganized to further review and update this steel stack Standar
23、d.Emphasis was given to the Structural Design and Vibrations chapters. Chapter 4, “StructuralDesign,” was rewritten to be more compatible with the nomenclature, formulae, and symbolsused in the Manual of Steel Construction Allowable Stress Design (ASD), 9th Edition andLoad and Resistance Factor Desi
24、gn (LRFD), 1st Edition. Chapter 5, “Vibrations,” was revised tobe more “user friendly.” These and other chapters were updated to include the latest recognizedapplicable codes and standards.The 2006 edition included changes and improvements to the Environmental Protection Agencyregulation concerning
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