ASTM C138 C138M-2013 Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight) Yield and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete《混凝土的密度(单位重量) 产量以及含气量测定的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM C138 C138M-2013 Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight) Yield and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete《混凝土的密度(单位重量) 产量以及含气量测定的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM C138 C138M-2013 Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight) Yield and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete《混凝土的密度(单位重量) 产量以及含气量测定的标准试验方法》.pdf(5页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: C138/C138M 12aC138/C138M 13 American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: T121Standard Test Method forDensity (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric)of Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C138/C138M; the number im
2、mediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard
3、has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas forcalculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of
4、concrete produced froma mixture of known quantities of the component materials.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of t
5、he other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.NOTE 1Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.1.3 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes th
6、at provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this
7、standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. (WARNINGFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skinand tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stan
8、dards:3C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in AggregateC31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the FieldC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC150 Specification for Portland CementC172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed C
9、oncreteC173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method3. Terminology3.1 Symbols:A = air content (percentage of voids) in the conc
10、reteC = actual cement content, kg/m3 lb/yd3Cb = mass of cement in the batch, kg lb1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.60 onTesting Fresh Concrete.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 20
11、12May 1, 2013. Published December 2012June 2013. Originally approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2012 asC138/C138M12.12a. DOI: 10.1520/C0138_C0138M-12a.10.1520/C0138_C0138M-13.2 See section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
12、 Vol. 04.02.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is inte
13、nded only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the curre
14、nt versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D = density (unit weight) of con
15、crete, kg/m3 lb/ft3M = total mass of all materials batched, kg lb (see Note 3)Mc = mass of the measure filled with concrete, kg lb orMm = mass of the measure, kg lbRy = relative yieldT = theoretical density of the concrete computed on an airfree basis, kg/m3 lb/ft3 (see Note 2)Y = yield, volume of c
16、oncrete produced per batch, m3 yd3Yd = volume of concrete which the batch was designed to produce, m3 yd3Yf = volume of concrete produced per batch, m3 ft3V = total absolute volume of the component ingredients in the batch, m3 ft3Vm = volume of the measure, m3 ft3NOTE 2The theoretical density is, cu
17、stomarily, a laboratory determination, the value for which is assumed to remain constant for all batches madeusing identical component ingredients and proportions.NOTE 3The total mass of all materials batched is the sum of the masses of the cement, the fine aggregate in the condition used, the coars
18、e aggregatein the condition used, the mixing water added to the batch, and any other solid or liquid materials used.4. Apparatus4.1 BalanceA balance or scale accurate to 45 g 0.1 lb or to within 0.3 % of the test load, whichever is greater, at any pointwithin the range of use. The range of use shall
19、 be considered to extend from the mass of the measure empty to the mass of themeasure plus its contents at 2600 kg/m3 160 lb/ft3.4.2 Tamping RodA round, smooth, straight steel rod, with a 16 mm 58 in. 6 2 mm 116 in. diameter. The length of thetamping rod shall be at least 100 mm 4 in. greater than t
20、he depth of the measure in which rodding is being performed, but notgreater than 600 mm 24 in. in overall length (See Note 4). The rod shall have the tamping end or both ends rounded to ahemispherical tip of the same diameter as the rod.NOTE 4Arod length of 400 mm 16 in. to 600 mm 24 in. meets the r
21、equirements of the following: Practice C31/C31M, Test Method C138/C138M,Test Method C143/C143M, Test Method C173/C173M and Test Method C231.4.3 Internal VibratorInternal vibrators may have rigid or flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors. The frequencyof vibration shall be 7000 vibrat
22、ions per minute or greater while in use. The outside diameter or the side dimension of the vibratingelement shall be at least 19 mm 0.75 in. and not greater than 38 mm 1.50 in. The length of the shaft shall be at least 600 mm24 in.4.4 MeasureAcylindrical container made of steel or other suitable met
23、al (see Note 5). The minimum capacity of the measureshall conform to the requirements of Table 1 based on the nominal size of aggregate in the concrete to be tested. All measures,except for measuring bowls of air meters which are also used for Test Method C138/C138M tests, shall conform to therequir
24、ements of Test Method C29/C29M. When measuring bowls of air meters are used, they shall conform to the requirementsof Test Method C231, and shall be calibrated for volume as described in Test Method C29/C29M. The top rim of the air meterbowls shall be smooth and plane within 0.01 in. 0.3 mm (see Not
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