1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 306及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Fiction and Reality The relationship between fiction and reality 1. Fiction: the【 1】 _reflection of reali
3、ty 【 1】 _. Reality: the【 2】 _of the creation of fiction 【 2】 _. e.g. Why Tortoises Shell Is Not Smooth The writers purpose: to reveal【 3】 _ 【 3】 _. 2. Fiction: the【 4】 _recreation of reality 【 4】 _. -it gives us the impression of【 5】 _ 【 5】 _. e.g. Carton in A Tale of Two Cities Rebecca in Vanity Fa
4、ir -Fiction: the reflection of life based on their【 6】 _thought and judgment 【 6】_. -Typical characters: an element【 7】 _the art of fiction 【 7】 _. 3.Fiction:【 8】 _on reality 【 8】 _. e.g. Robinson Crusoe: the【 9】 _of conqueror, adventure and expansion 【 9】_. Robinson Complex: a great【 10】 _driving p
5、eoples pursuit of happiness【 10】_. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At th
6、e end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the interview, people often spend time looking for things because （ A） they suffer from amnesia. （ B） they are not organized. （ C） they have too many thing
7、s. （ D） they are often in a hurry. 12 As for banking online, which of the following is NOT suggested? （ A） Giving up a little control. （ B） Using the website of your bank. （ C） Asking questions about its safety. （ D） Contacting consumer service clerks. 13 Which of the following is the advice given t
8、o library people? （ A） Go online and wait for the delivery of the book ordered. （ B） Check the librarys website and then go to the library. （ C） Go online or go to the library to check whether a book is in stock. （ D） Put a book in order and call a librarian to ask when you can get it. 14 The thing
9、that should be put at hand in every single room is （ A） brush. （ B） thread. （ C） present. （ D） scissor. 15 Carolyn Forte gives us time-saving tips on all of the following EXCEPT （ A） doing shopping. （ B） traveling by air. （ C） making phone calls. （ D） putting things in order. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAS
10、T Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 To ease restrictions imposed on Palestinians living in the West Bank, Israel plans to_.
11、 （ A） remove road blocks （ B） allow more Palestinians to travel to Israel （ C） remove trade barriers （ D） provide food for Palestinian refugees 17 Which of the following statements about the massive wild fire is NOT tree? （ A） It lasted 5 days. （ B） It was fueled by the Santa Ana winds. （ C） It caus
12、ed 4 firefighters to be badly wounded. （ D） It caused the loss of 34 houses. 18 Those miners had been protesting in Huanuni in Bolivia because they wanted to _. （ A） have higher salaries （ B） work under better conditions （ C） keep independent mining jobs （ D） work for shorter hours 19 The protest wa
13、s _. （ A） peaceful （ B） violent （ C） successful （ D） meaningless 20 10.What was Israeli governments attitude toward Palestinian presidents request? （ A） Positive. （ B） Negative. （ C） Neutral. （ D） Indifferent. 20 Once found almost entirely in the western United States and in Asia, dinosaur fossils a
14、re now being discovered on all seven continents. A host of new revelations emerged in 1998 that promise to reshape scientists views of dinosaurs, including what they looked like and when and where they lived. It is doubtful that Tyrannosaurus Rex had lips or that Triceratops had cheeks, says Lawrenc
15、e Witmer, an assistant professor of anatomy at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. He reached its conclusions by using high-tech computerized axial tomography (CT or CAT) scans along with comparative anatomy studies. For example, the theory that Triceratops and similar dinosaur species had cheeks was b
16、ased on past comparisons with mammals such as sheep. But Witmers careful analysis found the structure of the triceratops jaw and skull made it more likely that Triceratops had a beak like that of an eagle. Witmer said that scientists should use birds and crocodiles as models when researching the app
17、earance of dinosaurs. In early October scientists announced that they had confirmed the discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur. The dinosaurs bones, found in New Mexico in 1996, are forcing paleontologists to rethink their theories about when ceratopsians migrated to what is now North Ameri
18、ca. Scientists previously thought that ceratopsians, the group that included the well-known Triceratops. arrived in North America from Asia between 70 million and 80 million years ago. During this time, the late Cretaceous Period. the earths two supercontinentsLaurasia in the north and Gondwanaland
19、in the south were in the process of pulling apart, cutting dinosaur populations off from each other and interrupting migratory patterns. The fossilized bones, found by paleontologist Doug Wolfe of the Mesa Southwest Museum in Arizona, date to about 90 million yeses ago. This could mean that ceratops
20、ians originated in North America and migrated to Asia rather than the reverse, paleontologists said. An expedition from the Universities of Alaska in Anchorage and Fairbanks has discovered a region in remote northern Alaska so rich in fossilized dinosaur tracks that team members dubbed it the “dino
21、expressway“. The trampled area was found during the summer of 1998 on Alaskas North Slope near the Brooks Range. The team found 13 new track sites and made casts from the prints of five different types of dinosaurs. The rock in which the prints were found dates to more than 100 million years ago, or
22、 about 25 million years older than the previously discovered signs of dinosaurs in the Arctic region. Paleontologists said that the new findings provide important evidence that dinosaurs migrated between Asia and North America during the early and mid-Cretaceous Period. before Asia split off into it
23、s own continent. Two rich fossil sites in the hills of Bolivia have been recently discovered, exciting paleontologists and dinosaur buffs. This discovery includes one of the most spectacular dinosaur trackways ever found. The discovery of a large site in the mountain region of Kila Kila in southern
24、Bolivia was announced in early October. Here scientists found the tracks of at least two unknown species of dinosaur. These included a large quadruped (four. footed) dinosaur that was probably about 20 m (about 70 ft) long. The other site, located not far from the Bolivian city of Sucre, was uncover
25、ed in a cement quarry by workers several years ago but was not brought to paleontologists attention until the middle of 1998. The site features a vertical wall covered with thousands of dinosaur prints representing more than 100 different species. The tracks date back to between 65 million and 70 mi
26、llion years ago. Since dinosaurs are believed to have died out around 65 million years ago, the prints were likely made by some of the last dinosaurs on earth. Paleontologists hope to study the site and learn about the diet and physical characteristics of the dinosaurs that are represented there. 21
27、 Witmers research leads people to believe _. （ A） Tyrannosaurus Rex had lips and Triceratops had cheeks （ B） dinosaurs might have looked tike mammals such as sheep （ C） dinosaurs might not have looked like what we thought （ D） dinosaurs must have looked like birds or crocodiles 22 The discovery of a
28、 new type of ceratopsian dinosaur suggests ceratopsians _. （ A） migrated to North America around 70 80 million years ago （ B） arrived in Asia from North America about 90 million years ago （ C） originated in Asia and later migrated to North America （ D） could have moved to Asia from North America lon
29、g ago 23 Newly-found fossilized tracks in Alaska proved that dinosaurs migration between Asia and North America took place _. （ A） much earlier than experts previously thought （ B） much later than experts previously thought （ C） after Asia became an independent continent （ D） sometime around 25 mill
30、ion years ago 24 The discovery of dinosaur fossil sites in Bolivia is exciting because of the following reasons EXCEPT that _. （ A） they are found in a continent other than Asia and North Continent （ B） the largest dinosaurs in the world are found in this discovery （ C） there are some unknown specie
31、s of dinosaurs found this time （ D） the dinosaurs were believed to be some of the last ones on earth 25 The passage focuses on _. （ A） dinosaurs geographical location （ B） shifting views of dinosaurs （ C） migration patterns of dinosaurs （ D） geologic activity of Earth 25 Aimlessness has hardly been
32、typical of the postwar Japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the United States and Europe. But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values. Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being,
33、but now Japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people dont know where they should go next. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal
34、 sacrifices involved in climbing Japan s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. In addition, far more Japanese worke
35、rs expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed. While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression. “Those things tha
36、t do not show up in the test scores personality, ability, courage or humanity are completely ignored,“ says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Partys education committee. “Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.“ Last year Japan experienced 2
37、,125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced
38、 by the American occupation authorities after World War? had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.“ But that may have more to do with Japanese life-styles. “In Japan,“ says educator Yoko Mum, “its never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you c
39、an endure.“ With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japans 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households. Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to end from
40、 work) end crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell. In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the United States, has increased by more then 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-
41、quarter. 26 In the Westerners eyes, the postwar Japan was _. （ A） under aimless development （ B） a positive example （ C） a rival to the West （ D） on the decline 27 According to the author, what made the Japanese young people feel doubt about their personal sacrifices? （ A） The foreigners praise. （ B
42、） The rapid development of Japanese economy. （ C） The coming of age of the postwar baby boom. （ D） The social progress. 28 According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for the moral decline of Japanese society? （ A） Womens participation in social activities is limited. （ B） More workers
43、are dissatisfied with their jobs. （ C） Excessive emphasis his been placed on the basics. （ D） The life-style has been influenced by Western values. 29 Which of the following is true according to the author? （ A） Japanese education is praised for helping the young climb the social ladder. （ B） Japane
44、se education is characterized by mechanical learning as well as creativity. （ C） More stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity. （ D） Dropping out leads to frustration against test taking. 30 The change hi Japanese life-style is revealed in the fact that _. （ A） the young are less tol
45、erant of discomforts in life （ B） the divorce rate in Japan exceeds that in the U.S. （ C） the Japanese endure more than ever before （ D） the Japanese appreciate their present life 30 Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A.D., the Byzantine Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic and cultu
46、ral revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two-thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians,
47、who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguished the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished, and artistic end literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however, the empire had regained almost half of its lost p
48、ossessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced. To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon i
49、s reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth century Athens provide the most obviously examples in antiquity. Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of programs might help explain the dynamics of historical change. The common expla
