1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 361及答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptabl
2、e. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Tips for Planning a Presentation I. The cultural style of presentation for English speakers A 【 T1】 _with one main idea Close the talk by 【 T2】 _the idea The best time to present main idea: 【 T
3、3】 _ 【 T4】 _activity will lead to an unclear presentation . Tips for 【 T5】 _ presentations Understand the difference between 【 T6】 _ Provide an 【 T7】 _for outsiders Work on 【 T8】 _that serve as bridges Prepare images from the perspective of 【 T9】 _ 【 T10】 _your presentation with a timing device 1 【
4、T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 10 Three Tips to Improve Your Public Speaking Skills 1. Children as young as 【 T1】 _: show and tell Number one fear: 【 T2】 _ Number two fear: 【 T3】 _ 2. Charles Lebeau: public speaking professor and 【 T4】 _ His book Speaki
5、ng of Speech: for 【 T5】 _ Central thing to remember: a 【 T6】 _ communicative activity 3. Three messages are given to audience all 【 T7】 _ The first message: 【 T8】 _ is body language The second message: 【 T9】 _ are slides shown to audience The third message: story message is the 【 T10】 _ 11 【 T1】 12
6、【 T2】 13 【 T3】 14 【 T4】 15 【 T5】 16 【 T6】 17 【 T7】 18 【 T8】 19 【 T9】 20 【 T10】 专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 361答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure t
7、he word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Tips for Planning a Presentation American language expert Robert Kaplan studied different cultural thought p
8、atterns in the mid 1960s. He helped English language teachers understand the differences between English rhetoric and that of Arabic, Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, and Russian. 1 English speakers prefer a linear style, which has one main idea. The speaker supports that idea with details or arguments,
9、2 and then closes the talk by restating the idea. In other cultures, however, speakers may bring in other ideas before returning to the main point. Professor Charles LeBeau says some of his students prepare a speech without thinking of the main idea “Sometimes the bigger problem is the point that th
10、ey want to make is not clear. They are not thinking clearly about “What is the key point in my presentation? And how do I want to say that; where do I want to say it?“ 3 For presentations in English, the best time to make that point is at the beginning. Speakers should make a plan to present their i
11、deas in the order that is common in English rhetoric. When we write our ideas down without such a plan, they are not clear and our presentation will not be well organized. 4 “I think they prepare the presentation kind of as a stream of consciousness activity. Then finally at the end of this process
12、they figure out, oh, what do I want to say, what is the key point in this? And it ends up being at the end of the presentation. In an English language presentation, what we try and do is to make it more linear. And by that, I mean, its more of a story we use data, and we use evidence, we use numbers
13、, but only to help us tell the story more clearly.“ Preparing the story message helps speakers give a successful presentation. 5 Professor LeBeau gives these five tips for academic presentations, such as those given at professional conferences. 1. 6 Understand the difference between title and topic.
14、 A topic is general, but a title is more specific. Make sure the title explains the benefit of your subject. 2. 7 Provide an image for those who are not experts in your subject. Explain how your research relates to other fields. 3. 8 Work on transitions (linking words) as you go from image to image.
15、 These should make the connections between your ideas clear. Professor LeBeau says transitions serve as bridges to each new image. 4. 9 Look at each image from the audiences point of view. What questions might they have about each image? Prepare an extra image that would help explain the most diffic
16、ult question you expect. 5. 10 Rehearse your presentation with a timing device. At most conferences, there is a time limit. It is disrespectful to take more than your share of the time. Cut your presentation to fit the time you are permitted. Using these tips for improving your presentations in Engl
17、ish should help make the process easier. 1 【正确答案】 linear style 【试题解析】 本题与英语演讲者的演讲风格相关。录音开头提到语言学家研究不同文化的思维方 式，接着说到英语演讲者偏爱 “直线式风格 ”，即只有一个主要观点。由空格后的 with one main idea可确定此处填入 linear style。 2 【正确答案】 restating/repeating 【试题解析】 本题考查英语演讲者如何结束演讲。录音提到，演讲者需要用细节和论据来论证主要观点，并且在结尾处需要重申观点。因此填 restating，或者用repeatin
18、g也能表示相同含义。 3 【正确答案】 at the beginning 【试题解析】 题目考查表达主要观点最合 适的时机。录音提到英文演讲中展现主要观点的最好时机是在演讲开头，故填入 at the beginning。 4 【正确答案】 Stream of consciousness 【试题解析】 本题考查什么会导致不清晰演讲。录音提到，演讲前应该列一个计划，将演讲重点归纳进来，如果没有计划，演讲就像意识流一样，想到哪讲到哪，最后也不清楚到底要表达什么观点。因此填入 Stream of consciousness，注意首字母要大写。 5 【正确答案】 academic 【试题解析】 空格处需
19、要填入 presentations的限定词。录音提到， LeBeau教授为学术演讲提供了以下五条建议，因此填入 academic，表示 “学术的 ”。 6 【正确答案】 title and topic 【试题解析】 本题考查第一条建议。录音提到，第一条建议就是理解标题与话题的区别，话题是概括性的，标题会更具体。因此填入 title and topic。 7 【正确答案】 image 【试题解析】 录音提到的第二条建议是给听众呈现具体的概念，尤其是那些不了解演讲话题的人。因此填 image，表示 “印象，概念 ”。 8 【正确答案】 transitions/linking words 【试题解析
20、】 录音提及的第三条建议就是使用过渡词帮助演讲者从一个概念过渡到另一个概念。这里可以填 transitions“过渡词 ”，也可以用 linking words“连接词 ”。 9 【正确答案】 the audience 【试题解析】 录音提到的第四条建议是从听众的角度来准备每一个 image，例如可能听众听不懂，需要另外举例加以说明等等。题目中的 perspective是录音中point of view的同义替换，因此 填入 the audience。 10 【正确答案】 Rehearse 【试题解析】 录音给出的最后一条建议是掐时间进行提前演练，因为很多会议都有时间限制，占用听众过多时间是不
21、礼貌的。因此填入 rehearse，表示 “预演，排练 ”。 10 【听力原文】 Three Tips to Improve Your Public Speaking Skills Students in American schools learn from an early age to give presentations as part of their regular classroom activities. 1 Children as young as five years old often give brief talks about objects they bring i
22、n to school called “show and tell“. This training is a basis for later public speaking. Even so, many native English-speaking adults are afraid to speak or give presentations in front of a large group. And there is a large industry of consultants who train professionals in public speaking. 2 Comedia
23、n Jerry Seinfeld said the most common fear people have is public speaking. The second most common fear is death. He made a joke about this. He said, “I saw a thing, actually a study that said speaking in front of a crowd is considered the number one fear of the average person. I found that amazing.
24、3 Number two, was death. Death is number two? This means, to the average person, if you have to be at a funeral, you would rather be in the casket than doing the eulogy.“ 4 Charles LeBeau is a public speaking professor and consultant. He began his career in Japan in 1982. Currently, he teaches at tw
25、o universities and at the Toshiba International Training Center. He has also written books on the subject. English language learners around the world use his book Speaking of Speech. Mr. LeBeau says that students in other cultures may not have the chance to practice public speaking as young children
26、. When they reach the college level, or enter their career, they need to present well in English. Many careers require public speaking skills. 5 The book Speaking of Speech tells about a method of teaching public speaking for non-native speakers. Mr. LeBeau says a simple approach helps English learn
27、ers. 6 “The central thing to remember about public speaking or presentation is that its a very complex, sophisticated communicative activity. For non-native speakers its a really scary activity. So to make that more simplistic and easy for them, and to keep it from being so overwhelming, because the
28、re are so many things going on, the approach that Ive taken is to simplify and break it down.“ So, the professor divides public speaking into three parts: the physical message, the visual message, and the story message. 7 First if we look at presentation, whats going on, there are basically three me
29、ssages that the presenter is giving the audience, all simultaneously. 8 Theres what I call the physical message. Its basically body language. Its the way that my body, as a speaker, is talking to the audience. Then theres also the visual message. 9 The visual messages are the slides that we now make
30、 and show the audience. The third message is the story message. 10 The story message is the content of presentation. So another way we can think of the story message is that its what we say to the audience. The story message also includes how we organize our ideas to present to the audience. 11 【正确答
31、案】 five/five years old 【试题解析】 本题需要填入一个词修饰 young，空后的 “展示和讲述课 ”是对这一活动的描述。录音开头提到美国很多学校从小就开始训练演讲，小到 5岁的孩子就经常在课堂上描述他们带到学校的东西，这就是展示和讲述训练。因此这里需要填入 five，表示年龄五岁，用同义表达 five years old也可以。 12 【正确答案】 public speaking 【试题解析】 本题考查的是最害怕的事情，录音提到即便是英语为母语的成年人也害怕在一群人面前演说，有调查表明公众演讲是普通人最害怕的 事情。所以此空应填入 public speaking。 13
32、【正确答案】 death 【试题解析】 本空考查的是第二害怕的事情，录音前文提到最害怕的事情是公众演讲，而第二害怕的事情是死亡，表明大部分人对公众演讲的恐惧，本空考查的是第二害怕的事情，所以填 death。 14 【正确答案】 consultant 【试题解析】 本题考查的是对 Charles Lebeau的介绍，空格前提到了公众演讲教授，此处可以推测应该填入和 professor一样表示职务的词。录音原文在对Charles的介绍时说 ，他是公众演讲教授和顾问，因此本空填 consultant最为准确，表示 “顾问，咨询专家 ”。 15 【正确答案】 non-native speakers 【
33、试题解析】 本题考查的是查尔斯所著书籍相关内容，空前介词 for表明本题考查的是书籍针对的人群。录音原文提到这本书针对英语不是母语的演讲者，教授了公共演讲的一些方法，所以填入 non-native speakers。 16 【正确答案】 complex/sophisticated 【试题解析】 本题考查的是要提高演讲技巧，最需要记住的事情是 什么。录音提到最需要记住的就是公众演讲本身是一项非常复杂、高深莫测的交际活动，因此填入 complex或 sophisticated。 17 【正确答案】 simultaneously 【试题解析】 本题考查的是演讲中三种信息都传递给了观众，空前的 all
34、表明三种信息一起传递。录音原文提到教授将公众演讲分为三个部分，即演讲者会给观众传递三种信息，而这三种信息是同时传递出去的。因此 simultaneously是最佳答案，表示 “同时地，同步地 ”。 18 【正确答案】 physical message 【试题解析】 本题考查的是前文提到三种信息当中的第一种，空格后用肢体语言界定了第一种信息的范围。录音清楚地提及肢体信息就是通常所说的肢体语言，也就是演讲者如何通过肢体将信息传递给观众，因此这里填 physical message最为准确。 19 【正确答案】 visual messages 【试题解析】 本题考查的是三种信息当中的第二种，空后提到给观众展示的幻灯片。录音原文提及第二种信息是视觉信息，也就是演讲者正在做并放映给观众看的幻灯片，由于空后用到的 slides是复数，遵循主谓一致原则，此处 应填的词是复数 visual messages。 20 【正确答案】 content of presentation 【试题解析】 本题考查的是三种信息当中的第三种故事信息，需要对其内容进行描述。录音末尾提到第三种信息就是故事信息，它就是我们演讲的内容，因此应填入 content of presentation，表示 “演讲的内容 ”。
