[外语类试卷]在职攻硕英语联考(阅读)模拟试卷78及答案与解析.doc
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1、在职攻硕英语联考(阅读)模拟试卷 78及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your an
2、swer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 Our bodies are wonderfully skilful at maintaining balance. When the temperature jumps, we sweat to cool down. When our blood pressure falls, our hearts pound to compensate. As it turned out, though, our natural state is not a steady o
3、ne. Researchers are finding that everything from blood pressure to brain function varies rhythmically with the cycles of sun, moon and seasons. And their insights are yielding new strategies for keeping away such common killers as heart disease and cancer. Only one doctor in 20 has a good knowledge
4、of the growing field of “chronotherapeutics“, the strategic use of time (chronos) in medicine. But according to a new American Medical Association poll, three out of four are eager to change that “The field is exploding“, says Michael Smolensky. “Doctors used to look at us like, What space ship did
5、you guys get off ? Now theyre thirsty to know more. “ In medical school, most doctors learn that people with chronic conditions should take their medicine at steady rates. “Its a terrible way to treat disease,“ says Dr. Richard Martin. For example, asthmatics (气喘患者 ) are most likely to suffer during
6、 the night. Yet most patients strive to keep a constant level of medicine in their blood day and night, whether by breathing in on an inhaler (吸入器 ) four times a day or taking a pill each morning and evening. In recent studies, researchers have found that a large midafternoon dose of a bronchodilato
7、r (支气管扩张 剂 ) can be as safe as several small doses, and better for preventing nighttime attacks. If the night belongs to asthma, the dawn belongs to high blood pressure and heart disease. Heart attacks are twice as common at 9 a. m. as at 11 p. m. Part of the reason is that our blood pressure falls
8、predictably at night, then peaks as we start to work for the day. “Doctors know that,“ says Dr. Henry Black of Chicago Medical Center, “but until now, we havent been able to do anything about it. “ Most blood pressure drugs provide 18 to 20 hours of relief. But because theyre taken in the morning, t
9、heyre least effective when most needed. “You take your pill at 7and its working by 9,“ says Dr. William White of the University of Connecticut Health Center. “But by that time youve gone through the worst four hours of the day with no protection,“Bedtime dosing would prevent that lapse, but it would
10、 also push blood pressure to dangerously low levels during the night. 1 According to the passage, how do human bodies maintain balance? ( A) They adjust themselves timely in line with their physical conditions. ( B) People increase or lower the body temperature by sweating. ( C) Peoples hearts pound
11、 to compensate when the blood pressure goes up. ( D) Both B and C 2 Researchers are finding that_. ( A) heart disease and cancer are the most common killers of human beings ( B) blood pressure and brain function are decided by cycles of sun, moon and seasons ( C) the functions of human bodies have m
12、uch to do with nature ( D) any change in human bodies goes systematically with changes in the environment 3 According to the author, it is best for asthmatics to take their medicines_. ( A) at steady rates ( B) each morning and evening ( C) when the disease occurs ( D) at midafternoon 4 Which of the
13、 following statements is NOT true? ( A) Doctors know more about chronotherapeutics than before. ( B) Doctors in the U. S. used to be thirsty to know more about the new medical field. ( C) The researchers insights are providing new strategies to prevent common killers. ( D) The strategic use of time
14、in medicine attracts more attention in the medical circle in the U.S. 5 The suggested title for this passage might be_. ( A) Medicine Is Everything ( B) Treatment Is Everything ( C) Timing Is Everything ( D) Prevention Is Everything 5 Some day there will be a robot that takes the drudgery (苦工 ,单调沉闷的
15、工作 ) out of housework and even cleans windows, but how soon such a robot will emerge is anybodys guess. Mr. Joseph Engelberger, President of Unimation, Inc. , which makes industrial robots, says a workable domestic robot might take shape by the late 1980s, but Mr. Ben Skora, an amateur robot builder
16、 now working on his second creation, predicts household robots in about fifty years, and the Director of Stanford Universitys Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Dr. John McCarthy, says domestic robots are anywhere from five to five hundred years away. Although robots are already widely used in indu
17、stry from welding (焊接 ) car parts to handling explosives the gap between the industrial robot and a domestic one is great, according to Dr. McCarthy. Closing the gap will require an intellectual break-through. “Take the task of clearing the table and washing the dishes,“ he suggested. “The robots wi
18、ll have to be able to discriminate between rubbish and dishes that should be washed and, meanwhile, not trip over the dog or baby on the floor on its way to the dishwasher. “ He said that the robot, which he defines as a general purpose physical action machine that is automatically controlled, proba
19、bly will not end up looking anything like a human being. Instead the robot might have a central “brain“ that controls a whole army of bodies, like a staff of servants, each assigned to a specific duty. Mr. Engelberger thinks the domestic robot is right around in corner, just waiting for an economic
20、boost to help it over the remaining technological hurdles. He expects the household robot to be modeled after an industrial forebear (祖先 ). “But the person who wants a robot will have to build this world around it,“ Mr. Engelberger said. For example, a fellow building a house might spend twenty-five
21、 per cent more to have it “robotized“. Such a “robotized“ house probably would have to be free of stairs and other encumbrances (障碍物 ) that could trip a near-sighted robot, would provide special sockets (插座 ) for it to plug into, and would contain a “pantry“ (餐具室 ) where the robots brain and tools w
22、ould be stored. He added that the robot would probably have to use (by means of a sophisticated TV camera) and have a sense of touch to do housework. It could even be programmed for some superhuman tasks, such as acting as a smoke-detector that would alert a family to a fire and then fight it. 6 The
23、 day domestic robots come into being is_. ( A) coming very soon ( B) definite ( C) impossible ( D) uncertain 7 A domestic robot differs from an industrial one in that it_. ( A) will be much more effective ( B) will be more intellectual ( C) will be automatically controlled ( D) will be more energy-s
24、aving 8 Mr. Engelberger deems that what hinders the development of domestic robots is the lack of ( A) money ( B) time ( C) technology ( D) energy 9 Mr. Engelberger thinks that the industrial robot_. ( A) is more useful than the domestic robot ( B) is completely different from the domestic robot ( C
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