1、Designation: D1039 94 (Reapproved 2010)D1039 16Standard Test Methods forGlass-Bonded Mica Used as Electrical Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1039; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the characteristics of glass-bonded, natural, or synthetic mica mat
3、erials intendedfor use as electrical insulation.1.2 Glass bonded mica materials are commercially available in both injection molded and compression molded types. These testmethods are applicable to both types except for tensile strength methods. (See Section 41.)1.3 The test methods appear in the fo
4、llowing sections:Test Method Section ASTM Test MethodArc Resistance 57 59 D495Compressive Strength 33 35 D695Conditioning 5 D618Dielectric Strength 48 51 D149Dissipation Factor 43 47 D150 and D2149Heat Distortion Temperature 24 29 D648Impact Resistance 36 39 D256Modulus of Rupture 30 32 D790 and C67
5、4Permittivity 43 47 D150 and D2149Porosity 13 16 D116Resistivity, Volume and Surface 52 56 D257Rockwell Hardness 10 12 D785Specific Gravity 6 9 D792Specimens 4Tensile Strength 40 42 D638 and D651Terminology 3 D1711Thermal Conductivity 17 19 C177 and E1225Thermal Expansion 20 23 E228 and E289Thicknes
6、s 49 and 54 D3741.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standar
7、d to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. See also Sections 45, 49, 54, and 58.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties b
8、y Means of theGuarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC674 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Ceramic Whiteware MaterialsD116 Test Methods for Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical ApplicationsD149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Mater
9、ials atCommercial Power FrequenciesD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact Resistance of PlasticsD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Mate
10、rials1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD09.01 on Electrical Insulating Products.Current edition approved May 1, 2010Nov. 1, 2016. Published September 2010November 201
11、6. Originally approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 20042010as D1039 95 (2004).D1039 94 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/D1039-94R10.10.1520/D1039-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Sta
12、ndardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possibl
13、e to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
14、Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation (Metric) D0374_D0374MD495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical InsulationD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD638 Test Method for Tens
15、ile Properties of PlasticsD648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise PositionD651 Test Method for Test for Tensile Strength of Molded Electrical Insulating Materials (Withdrawn 1989)3D695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid PlasticsD785 Te
16、st Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1711 T
17、erminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD2149 Test Method for Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) And Dissipation Factor Of Solid Dielectrics At Frequencies To 10MHz And Temperatures To 500CD6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Materials for Testing (Withdrawn 2012)3E228 Test Meth
18、od for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod DilatometerE289 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Rigid Solids with InterferometryE1225 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Solids Using the Guarded-Comparative-Longitudinal Heat Flow Technique3. Terminology3.1 For defi
19、nitions of terms used in this standard see Terminology D1711.4. Test Specimens4.1 Except for thermal expansion and thermal conductivity tests and unless otherwise specified for injection molded materials,the preferred form of specimen is a disk approximately 100 mm diameter and 2.5 to 7.5 mm thickne
20、ss.Alternatively, it is allowablefor injection molded specimens mayto have the final shape and form of the finished device.4.2 Except for thermal expansion and thermal conductivity tests and unless otherwise specified for compression moldedmaterials, the preferred form of specimen is a disk 100 to 1
21、50 mm diameter, or a square plate 100 to 150 mm on a side, withthickness 2.5 to 7.5 mm. The It is allowable for the plate or disk mayto be molded to size or machined from a compression moldedsheet.4.3 For thermal expansion test specimens use specimens in accordance with Test Method E228 or Test Meth
22、od E289 asappropriate.4.4 For thermal conductivity specimens use specimens in accordance with Test Method E1225.5. Conditioning5.1 Unless otherwise specified, condition all samples and test specimens in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D6054,except condition all thicknesses for at least 16 h.
23、TEST METHOD A: SPECIFIC GRAVITY6. Significance and Use6.1 This characteristic is useful for specification purposes and has utility as a quality control parameter.7. Test Specimens7.1 From specimens obtained in accordance with Section 4 and conditioned in accordance with Section 5, cut pieces weighin
24、gfrom 5 to 25 g and prepare them in accordance with Test Methods D792.8. Procedure and Report8.1 Determine specific gravity and report the results in accordance with Test Methods D792.9. Precision and Bias9.1 The precision and bias statement of Test Methods D792 applies to the materials covered in t
25、hese test methods.TEST METHOD B: ROCKWELL HARDNESS10. Significance and Use10.1 This property is useful as a quality control test and has application for use in specifications.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.D1039 16211. Procedure and Report11.1 F
26、rom specimens obtained in accordance with Section 4 and conditioned in accordance with Section 5, determine and reportthe Rockwell hardness in accordance with Procedure A of Test Method D785. Use the Rockwell A scale if the hardness is 115 orless, otherwise use the Rockwell E scale.12. Precision and
27、 Bias12.1 The precision and bias statement of Test Method D785 applies to the materials covered in these test methods.TEST METHOD C: POROSITY13. Significance and Use13.1 This characteristic serves as a measure of the integrity of the material.The test is useful for quality control and specificationp
28、urposes.14. Specimens14.1 Prepare specimens in accordance with Section 4 and condition them in accordance with Section 5. Then break the materialin accordance with the porosity sections of Method B of Test Methods D116.15. Procedure and Report15.1 Test the glass-bonded mica for porosity and report t
29、he results in accordance with Test Methods D116.16. Precision and Bias16.1 The precision and bias statement of Test Methods D116 applies to the materials covered in this standard.TEST METHOD D: THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY17. Significance and Use17.1 Knowledge of this property of glass-bonded mica is import
30、ant for design of electrical apparatus. The test is useful forquality control and specification purposes.18. Procedure and Report18.1 Using specimens obtained in accordance with Section 4, make determinations and report the results for thermalconductivity in accordance with Test Method E1225.NOTE 1I
31、f thermal conductivity values are required over a broader temperature range or of a lower order of magnitude than obtainable with TestMethod E1225, Test Method C177 has been found to be satisfactory for measurement of the thermal conductivity perpendicular to the surface ofspecimens having large are
32、al dimensions.19. Precision and Bias19.1 The precision and bias statement of the referenced test methods apply to the materials covered in these test methods.TEST METHOD E: THERMAL EXPANSION20. Significance and Use20.1 Data on thermal expansion of glass-bonded mica is useful for a designer to match
33、materials in a component so as tominimize mechanical strains caused by temperature variations encountered by the component in service. The data is useful toestimate the amount of strain that may develop develops in service.20.2 The interferometric method is better suited for examination of physicall
34、y small specimens, interfaces, or local areas thatare under investigation. The dilatometer method is not as precise or sensitive as the interferometric method but the dilatometermethod is useful at higher temperatures and can accommodate larger specimens. The results of the dilatometer method are mo
35、rerepresentative of large pieces.21. Procedure21.1 Using specimens obtained in accordance with Section 4, measure the thermal expansion characteristics of the glass-bondedmica in accordance with either Test Method E228 or Test Method E289.22. Report22.1 Report the following information:22.1.1 The id
36、entity of the glass-bonded mica,D1039 16322.1.2 The method used,22.1.3 The thermal expansion for the specimen expressed as a change in linear dimensions resulting from a specific change intemperature, and22.1.4 The temperature range used.23. Precision and Bias23.1 The precision and bias statement of
37、 the referenced test methods apply to the materials covered in these test methods.TEST METHOD F: HEAT DISTORTION TEMPERATURE24. Significance and Use24.1 This test is useful for the comparison of material from different producers. It may be used is suitable for use as aspecification requirement.25. A
38、pparatus25.1 A set-up for support and loading of the specimen and a means for measuring the deflection is described in Test MethodD648. Modifications of this set-up in accordance with 25.2 are found satisfactory for use on specimens of glass-bonded mica.25.2 The materials of construction of the Test
39、 Method D648 apparatus must be capable of withstanding exposure up to 600 C.The oven used for heating of the specimen shall be capable of temperature control within 65 C throughout the temperature range300 to 600 C.26. Test Specimens26.1 Cut bars of glass-bonded mica approximately 120 by 13 mm with
40、thickness of 3 to 13 mm. Prepare at least two specimensfor testing at each load stress mandated by Test Method D648. Measure each specimen dimension to the nearest 0.02 mm andrecord these measurements.27. Procedure27.1 Determine the heat distortion temperature in accordance with Test Method D648 exc
41、ept start the test at 300 C.Allow eachspecimen to reach equilibrium before obtaining the initial readings.27.2 Increase the temperature 50 C.27.3 Maintain the increased temperature for 60 6 5 min before taking readings.27.4 Continue the 50 C interval increments until the bar deflects 0.25 mm or more
42、. The temperature at which 0.25 mmdeflection occurs is the heat distortion temperature.28. Report28.1 Report the following information:28.1.1 The three dimensions of the specimen,28.1.2 The distance between the supports,28.1.3 The load and the stress applied to each specimen, and28.1.4 The heat dist
43、ortion temperature for each specimen.29. Precision and Bias29.1 The precision and bias statement of Test Method D648 applies to the materials covered in these test methods.TEST METHOD G: MODULUS OF RUPTURE30. Significance and Use30.1 The modulus of rupture is a convenient means for comparing mechani
44、cal properties of glass-bonded mica from differentproducers.30.2 The method is useful for quality control and specification purposes.31. Procedure and Report31.1 Take cylindrical specimens 13 mm in diameter and 150 mm in length and test and report in accordance with Test MethodsC674.NOTE 2The specim
45、ens should It is desirable that the specimens conform to the dimensions suggested in Table 1 of Test Methods D790 as closelyas is practicable.D1039 16432. Precision and Bias32.1 The precision and bias statement of Test Methods C674 applies to the materials covered in these test methods.TEST METHOD H
46、: COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH33. Significance and Use33.1 The test results have utility for quality control and specification purposes. It is useful in comparison of glass-bonded micafrom different producers.34. Procedure and Report34.1 Take specimens in accordance with Test Method D695. Determine and repo
47、rt compressive strength in accordance with TestMethod D695.35. Precision and Bias35.1 The precision and bias statement of Test Method D695 applies to the materials covered in these test methods.TEST METHOD I: IMPACT RESISTANCE36. Significance and Use36.1 The test measures the reaction of the materia
48、l to a very sudden application of forces on a very concentrated area of aspecimen. This reaction is a measure of the brittleness of glass-bonded mica.36.2 The test result has utility for quality control and specification purposes.37. Specimens37.1 Prepare rods 13 6 1 mm in diameter, conforming to 11
49、.5 of Test Method D256.37.2 Condition specimens in accordance with Section 5 of these test methods.38. Procedure and Report38.1 Determine impact resistance and report the results in accordance withTest Method D256 using Method B (the simple beamtest).39. Precision and Bias39.1 The precision and bias statement of Test Method D256 applies to the materials covered in these test methods.TEST METHOD J: TENSILE STRENGTH40. Significance and Use40.1 The results of tests for this property are useful for specification and quality control purposes
