ASTM D1566-2007 Standard Terminology Relating to Rubber《橡胶相关标准术语》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 1566 07Standard Terminology Relating toRubber1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1566; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates t
2、he year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical termsused in the rubber industry. Terms that are generally under-stood or adequately defined in other readily availabl
3、e sourcesare not included.1.2 Definitions for terms that have been established by otherbodies recognized as expert in the field will, after ballotapproval, be inserted in this terminology without change, andthe source of the definition will be identified. Exceptions to thisrule will be where the mea
4、ning of the term as used in the rubberindustry is different from the common meaning of the term.1.3 Users of this terminology who require mathematicalexpressions for the time and temperature dependent physicalproperties of some terms found in this standard should refer toGuide D 5992 and other stand
5、ards listed under referenceddocuments. Selected terms from Guide D 5992 may be foundin Annex A1.1.4 Although this terminology standard avoids the inclusionof jargon and archaic terms as much as possible, some termshave been retained for historical reasons.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D
6、 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 925 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyStaining of Sur-faces (Contact, Migration, and Diffusion)D 1076 Specification for RubberConcentrated, AmmoniaPreserved, Creamed, and Centrifuged Natural LatexD 1148 Test Method for Rubbe
7、r DeteriorationDiscoloration from Ultraviolet (UV) and Heat Exposure ofLight-Colored SurfacesD 1415 Test Method for Rubber PropertyInternationalHardnessD 1646 Test Methods for RubberViscosity, Stress Relax-ation, and Pre-Vulcanization Characteristics (Mooney Vis-cometer)D 1765 Classification System
8、for Carbon Blacks Used inRubber ProductsD 3053 Terminology Relating to Carbon BlackD 5992 Guide for Dynamic Testing of Vulcanized Rubberand Rubber-Like Materials Using Vibratory MethodsD 6085 Practice for Sampling in Rubber TestingTerminology and Basic ConceptsE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of M
9、echanical Test-ingE20 Practice for Particle Size Analysis of Particulate Sub-stances in the Range of 0.2 to 75 UM by Optical Micros-copy3E28 Test Methods for Softening Point of Resins Derivedfrom Naval Stores by Ring-and-Ball ApparatusE 111 Test Method for Youngs Modulus, Tangent Modulus,and Chord M
10、odulusE 126 Test Method for Inspection, Calibration, and Verifi-cation of ASTM Hydrometers2.2 ISO Standards:41382-82 Rubber-Vocabulary Second Edition (Addendum16-18-1998)3. Terminologyabrasion, nsurface loss of a material due to frictional forces.abrasion resistance index, nmeasure of the abrasion r
11、esis-tance of a rubber relative to that of a standard rubber underthe same specified conditions, expressed as a percentage.accelerated life test, ntest method designed to approximatein a short time, the deteriorating effect of normal long-termservice conditions.accelerator, delayed action, naccelera
12、tor that, in conjunc-tion with other curing agent(s), produces, at vulcanizingtemperatures, a period of no significant cross-linking, fol-lowed by a period of rapid cross-link formation.accelerator (rubber), ncompounding material used in smallamounts with a vulcanizing agent to increase the speed of
13、vulcanization.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.08 on Terminology.Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published August 2007. Originallyapproved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D 1566
14、06b.The boldface designations refer to the original source of the definition and theASTM technical committee having jurisdiction.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informati
15、on, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue deVaremb, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
16、PA 19428-2959, United States.DISCUSSIONProperties of a vulcanizate are changed by the type oramount of accelerator used.activator, ncompounding material used in small proportionsto increase the effectiveness of an accelerator.adhesion, ncondition in which surfaces are held together bychemical or phy
17、sical forces or both.adhesion failure, nloss of structural integrity due to theseparation of two bonded surfaces at the bond interface.adhesion value, nforce required to cause adhesion failure.DISCUSSIONAny separation occurring at any other point, for ex-ample, inside either component under test, is
18、 a failure of the componentmaterial, and such separation should not be considered as indicatingadhesion strength.adhesive failure, nseparation of two bonded surfaces thatoccurs within the bonding material.DISCUSSIONAdhesive failure occurs when the adhesive strength ofa bonding material is greater th
19、an its cohesive strength.aftercure, ncontinuation of the process of vulcanizationafter the energy source has been removed.age resistance, nability of a material to resist deteriorationcaused by ageing.agglomerate, compounding material, ncluster of particlesof one or more compounding materials loosel
20、y held together.agglomerate, latex, ncluster of rubber particles in a colloi-dal aqueous suspension of such particles.agglomerates, nclusters of particles of compounding mate-rials contained in a continuous rubber phase.agglomeration (latex), nreversible or irreversible joiningtogether of latex part
21、icles.ageing (act of), nexposure of materials to a deterioratingenvironment for a specified time interval.ageing (rubber), nirreversible change of material propertiesduring exposure to a deteriorating environment, for a speci-fied time interval.ageing, accelerated, nexposure of rubber to a test envi
22、ron-ment with the intent of producing, in a shorter time period,effects similar to normal ageing.ageing, air bomb, nprocess of exposing materials to theaction of air at an elevated temperature and pressure.ageing, air oven, nprocess of exposing materials to theaction of air at an elevated temperatur
23、e at atmosphericpressure.ageing, natural, nageing under normal service conditions.ageing, oxygen bomb, nprocess of exposing materials to theaction of oxygen at an elevated temperature and pressure.ageing, shelf, nageing during storage.alloy, nunique composition of two or more polymers that hasone or
24、 more of the polymers treated or processed in a specialway to confer enhanced performance characteristics on theresulting material.anticoagulant (natural rubber latex), nsubstance added tofield latex from Havea brasiliensis or to guayule latex toretard bacterial action which would otherwise cause ra
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