ASTM D3090-1972(2008) Standard Practice for Storage Testing of Aerosol Products《气溶胶制品的储藏检验的标准实施规程》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 3090 72 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Practice forStorage Testing of Aerosol Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3090; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the storage testing of aerosol
3、products.1.2 There are two major types of storage tests that may beperformed on aerosol products:1.2.1 Live Storage Tests, where the valves are actuated andthe determinations are made at relatively frequent intervals (thepurpose being to simulate consumer use of aerosol dispensers),and1.2.2 Dead Sto
4、rage Tests, performed to simulate warehousestorage conditions when shelf-life information is sought.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not consi
5、dered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6、 For specificprecautionary statements, see Section 4.2. Significance and Use2.1 Aerosol products are subjected to storage tests to ascer-tain the shelf-life of the complete package, and to evaluate thedegree of suitability of the valve and container components fortheir intended uses.2.2 It is imprac
7、tical to promulgate a standard procedure forconducting storage tests, since variations will be necessitatedby differences in the ultimate objective (for example, theprimary interest of one test may be concerned with containersuitability or shelf-life of a new product in an existing package,while ano
8、ther test may be concerned with valve evaluation).2.3 It follows that storage testing must be flexible enough toaccommodate the small procedural changes required. Thus,this recommended practice will only set forth those principlesto be observed in establishing a definite procedure, in order toallow
9、the individual operator the prerogative of adapting theseto satisfy his particular requirements.3. General Requirements3.1 Before making any aerosol storage tests, the followingshould be borne in mind:3.1.1 Sufficient test specimens should be available to re-place any that fail during the test, and
10、to make it possible toextend the storage period if desired.3.1.2 The test schedule and procedure should be wellplanned. Only if this is followed, can there be any assurancethat important developments have not been missed, and that theresults will correlate with other storage test results.3.1.3 The t
11、ests should be performed by competent personnelwell qualified in the field. Since most of the data is not obtainedby direct measurement and is therefore not entirely objective innature, it is highly desirable to have the same operator performall of the tests on a given specimen. This, in addition to
12、 3.1.2,will do much to minimize the effect of the human element.3.2 Before any specimens are committed to storage, thefollowing should apply:3.2.1 All pertinent background information concerning theproblem should be assembled, so that the test specimen can beintelligently set up.3.2.2 Tests should b
13、e conducted to eliminate defectivecontainers and valves (the frequency of such defects should berecorded). To make this segregation possible, pressure deter-minations, hot bath, vial leakage, and spray tests should bemade on each filled dispenser.3.2.3 Conditions of filling and handling should as cl
14、osely aspossible approximate those that would be encountered com-mercially.4. Safety Precautions4.1 Aerosol storage tests involve a container, valve, orproduct of unknown compatibility and performance. For thisreason, serious accidents could occur. The operator shouldemploy gloves, safety shield, sa
15、fety glasses, and apparatus withproper controls.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packagingand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.33 on Mechanical Dispensers.This practice was originally developed by the Chemical Specialties ManufacturersAssociation.Curr
16、ent edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 3090 72(2003).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2 If, during a test, container perfor
17、ations or signs ofadvanced corrosion are found, or if the product, dispensers, orvalves otherwise become unmerchantable, the entire lot ofspecimens should be destroyed. Continued testing would wastetime and space, and could result in a serious accident.5. Live Storage Test5.1 Test TemperatureSpecime
18、ns should be stored at roomtemperature. In addition, a higher-temperature storage (forexample, 98F (36C) may be employed. The use of thehigher-temperature storage is particularly desirable when anew valve or product is being evaluated. The use of storagetemperatures below 32F (60C), or the alternate
19、 exposure tosubfreezing and elevated temperatures, has considerable meritin the screening of new valves or new valve materials.5.2 Test Position and Number of SpecimensIf the purposeof the test is to evaluate a valve, half of the specimens at eachstorage temperature should be kept in an inverted pos
20、ition. Ifthe product, or any constituent thereof, exerts a detrimentaleffect on the sealing material of the valve, the conditions maybe more readily observed in the case of inverted cans. Six cansinverted and six cans upright for each temperature is theminimum number of specimens for each variable t
21、hat shouldbe considered. If the test involves only one temperature, ten totwelve cans per variable (upright and inverted) is a moredesirable size.5.3 Test TimeThe tests are usually considered completedwhen 10 g or less of formulation remains in the containers.Extension of the tests beyond this point
22、 may cause erratic andunreliable results.5.4 Examination ScheduleExaminations of the specimensshould be made weekly, or more often if the completion of thetest in less total elapsed time is necessary.5.5 FailureIf a valve becomes totally inoperative or failsto operate properly, the container and val
23、ve should be imme-diately torn down to ascertain the cause of failure.5.6 Final ExaminationEach container and valve shouldbe critically examined as soon as possible after the final valveactuation of the test.6. Dead Storage Test6.1 Test Temperature:6.1.1 Specimens are usually stored at 98F (36C) and
24、 roomtemperature, while other temperatures are employed in specialcases.6.1.2 Temperatures from 95 to 100F (35 to 37C) (oftenreferred to as incubation temperature) may accelerate containercorrosion and leakage, if the containers are so predisposed.However, incubated storage should always be used in
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