ASTM D3321-2012 Standard Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants 《现场试验测定含水发动机冷却剂冻结点用折射计使用的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D3321-2012 Standard Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants 《现场试验测定含水发动机冷却剂冻结点用折射计使用的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D3321-2012 Standard Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants 《现场试验测定含水发动机冷却剂冻结点用折射计使用的标准试验方法》.pdf(6页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation:D332194 (Reapproved 2007) Designation: D3321 12Standard Test Method forUse of the Refractometer for Field Test Determination of theFreezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3321; the number immediately following the designation indicat
2、es the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the use of a portable
3、 refractometer for determining the approximate freezing protection providedby ethylene and propylene glycol-based coolant solutions as used in engine cooling systems and special applications.NOTE 1Some instruments have a supplementary freezing protection scale for methoxypropanol coolants. Others ca
4、rry a supplemental scale calibratedin density or specific gravity readings of sulfuric acid solutions so that the refractometer can be used to determine the charged condition of lead acidstorage batteries.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in paren
5、theses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitation
6、s prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1177Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine CoolantsD1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine CoolantsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlabora
7、tory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method3. Summary of Test Method3.1 These coolant testers3are critical-angle refractometers designed for rapid, approximate measurement of ethylene andpropylene glycol coolant freezing point protection. Only a few drops of test solution are required. So
8、me testers automaticallycorrect for ambient air temperature and the temperature of the solution being tested. The instrument is rugged, simple to read, andeasy to clean and maintain.3.2 The coolant freezing point readings are taken at points where the dividing line between light and dark crosses the
9、 scales.Some refractometers have a coolant scale for indicating the freezing point of aqueous ethylene glycol coolants only, while otherrefractometers also have a scale for indicating the freezing point of aqueous propylene glycol coolants. The range of the scalesvaries from one device to another.3.
10、3 Freezing point measurements are concentration-related values and are in turn directly related to refractive index. It has beenempirically determined that freezing point measurements are accurate within 1C (2F).4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is commonly used by vehicle service personnel t
11、o determine the freezing point, in degrees Celsius orFahrenheit, of aqueous solutions of commercial ethylene and propylene glycol-based coolant. A durable hand-held refractometeris available that reads the freezing point, directly, in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit, when a few drops of engine coolant
12、 are properlyplaced on the temperature-compensated prism surface of the refractometer. This refractometer is for glycol and water solutions,and is not suitable for other coolant solutions.4.2 The hand-held refractometer should be calibrated before use (see Section 7).1This test method is under the j
13、urisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.03 onPhysical Properties.Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2007. Published November 2007. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D332194(2002).
14、 DOI:10.1520/D3321-94R07.Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3321 94(2007). DOI:10.1520/D3321-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at s
15、erviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Coolant testers are available from Leica Inc., P.O. Box 123, Buffalo, NY 14240 and Misco Products, 3401 Virginia Rd., Cleveland, OH 44122.1This document is not an AS
16、TM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In a
17、ll cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 Care must be taken to use the correct glycol freezing point scale for
18、the glycol type being measured. Use of the wrong glycolscale can result in freezing point errors of 18 and more degrees Fahrenheit.4.4 Ethylene glycol/propylene glycol mixtures will result in inaccurate freezing point measurements using either freezing pointscale.5. Interferences5.1 Interference can
19、 occur if the mixture is contaminated or if the prism surface is not clean. The presence of other glycols suchas diethylene glycol in small amounts will not cause interference.6. Apparatus6.1 The hand-held critical angle refractometer is a rugged die-cast portable instrument that is covered with a h
20、igh-impact plasticto minimize damage to the eyepiece lens if dropped. A polished glass prism is opposite the viewing end. A hinged plastic coveris moved over the prism (sampling end) to allow for even sample distribution and prevent liquid sample spillage during the test.No eyepiece or prism adjustm
21、ents are required for sample testing.6.2 The telescopic recessed eyepiece is located at one end and the graduated, translucent prism on the opposite end (see Fig.1).7. Calibration7.1 Calibration of these coolant testers should periodically be verified by testing a water sample in accordance with the
22、procedure outlined in Section 8.7.2 If the sample tested deviates from 0C (+32F) the coolant tester is out of calibration and should be recalibrated.7.3 This calibration test is best performed with the coolant tester and water sample at room temperature. If the instrument usedis designed to be autom
23、atically temperature compensated, work within the stated temperature-compensated range.8. Procedure8.1 CleaningBefore using, swing back the plastic cover at the slanted end of the tester exposing both the measuring windowand the bottom of the plastic cover. Wipe both clean and dry with tissue or cle
24、an soft cloth. Close the plastic cover (see Fig. 2).8.2 Testing Coolant SolutionCommercial instruments are usually equipped with a small suction pipet for sampling solutions.This tube should be used to remove a sample (from below the coolant surface) and eject a few drops on the measuring window(see
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