ASTM D4048-2016 Standard Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from Lubricating Grease《检测润滑油脂对铜的腐蚀的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D4048-2016 Standard Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from Lubricating Grease《检测润滑油脂对铜的腐蚀的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D4048-2016 Standard Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from Lubricating Grease《检测润滑油脂对铜的腐蚀的标准试验方法》.pdf(5页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D4048 16Standard Test Method forDetection of Copper Corrosion from Lubricating Grease1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4048; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the detection of the
3、 corrosive-ness to copper of lubricating grease.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.2.1 ExceptionThe values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is t
4、heresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and heal practices and determine the applicabilityof regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific warningstatements, see Sections 7, 8, and 10.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D97 Test Method for Pour Point
5、of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-leum Products by Copper Strip TestD2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Productsand Liquid FuelsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, LiquidFuels, and Lubricants2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:Copper Strip Corrosion
6、Standard33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsSee Terminology D4175.3.2 copper corrosion, neffect of a chemical attack oncopper metal by a lubricant causing various levels of tarnishingand change in appearance.3.2.1 DiscussionAcidic and other aggressive species, of-ten sulfur-based, in a lubricant can attac
7、k copper or copperalloys present in bearings or other lubricated surfaces. Thepresence of this antagonistic interaction is often apparent in awell-defined series of color changes.3.3 lubricant, nany material interposed between two sur-faces that reduces the friction or wear between them.3.4 lubricat
8、ing grease, na semi-fluid to solid product of adispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.3.4.1 DiscussionThe dispersion of the thickener forms atwo-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant bysurface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients arecommonly included to impart sp
9、ecial properties.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A prepared copper strip is totally immersed in a sampleof grease and heated in an oven or liquid bath at a specifiedtemperature for a definite period of time. Commonly usedconditions are 100 C 6 1 C (212 F 6 2 F) for 24 h 65 min. At the end of this heati
10、ng period, the strip is removed,washed, and compared with the Copper Strip Corrosion Stan-dard.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method measures the tendency of lubricatinggrease to corrode copper under specific static conditions. Itmay be of some value in predicting possible chemical attack onlu
11、bricated parts, such as bearings that contain copper or copperalloys. Such corrosion, for example, can cause prematurebearing failures. However, no correlations with actual fieldservice, most of which are under dynamic conditions, havebeen established. It does not measure either the ability of thelu
12、bricant to inhibit copper corrosion caused by factors otherthan the lubricant itself nor does it measure the stability of thegrease in the presence of copper.NOTE 1Because this test method requires the ability to determinesubtle differences in color of copper strips, persons with certain types ofcol
13、or blindness may find it difficult to accurately compare a test strip to theCopper Strip Corrosion Standard.6. Apparatus6.1 Test JarsCloud and pour jars, cylindrical jars of clearglass with flat bottoms, 30 mm to 33.5 mm (1316 in. to 1516 in.)1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commi
14、ttee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.G0.01 on Chemical and General Laboratory Tests.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2017. Originallypublished in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4048 1
15、0. DOI:10.1520/D4048-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from ASTM International He
16、adquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD0130. Originally produced in 1973.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance
17、 with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1inside diameter, and 115 mm to 125 mm
18、 (412 in. to 5 in.) inheight as described in Test Methods D97 and D2500.6.2 Test Jar CoversBeakers, 50 mL; borosilicate glass,approximately 40 mm (1.6 in.) by 50 mm (2.0 in.) suitable forcovering individual test jars. Small porcelain or glazed silicacrucibles or crucible covers or watch glasses or v
19、ented corksthat lightly cover the test jars, allowing pressure equalizationbetween the inside and outside of the jars, yet minimizingexposure of the inside of the jars to foreign vapors present inthe oven will also be satisfactory.6.3 OvenA circulating air oven or liquid bath capable ofmaintaining a
20、 temperature of 100 C 6 1 C (212 F 6 2 F)or other desired temperatures with the same precision.6.4 Polishing ViseFor holding the copper strip firmlywithout marring the edges while polishing. Any convenienttype of holder (see Appendix X1 on Optional Useful Equip-ment in Test Method D130) may be used,
21、 provided that thestrip is held tightly and that the surface of the strip beingpolished is supported above the surface of the holder.6.5 Viewing Test TubesFlat glass test tubes may be used toprotect corroded strips for close inspection or storage. (SeeAppendix X1 on Optional Useful Equipment in Test
22、 MethodD130.)6.6 Copper Strip Corrosion Standardconsists of repro-ductions in color of typical strips representing degrees oftarnish and corrosion, the reproductions being encased inplastic in the form of a plaque.6.6.1 Keep the plastic-encased printed Copper Strip Corro-sion Standard protected from
23、 light to avoid the possibility offading. Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques,one of which has been carefully protected from light (new).Observe both sets in diffused daylight (or equivalent), firstfrom a point directly above and then from an angle ofapproximately 45. If any eviden
24、ce of fading is observed,particularly at the left end of the plaque, it is suggested that theone that is the more faded with respect to the other bediscarded.6.6.1.1 Alternatively, place a 20 mm (34 in.) opaque strip(masking tape) across the top of the colored portion of theplaque when initially pur
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