ASTM D5154-2005 Standard Test Method for Determining Activity and Selectivity of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test《用微活性试验法测定流化床催化裂化(FCC)催化剂的活性和选择性的标准试验.pdf
《ASTM D5154-2005 Standard Test Method for Determining Activity and Selectivity of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test《用微活性试验法测定流化床催化裂化(FCC)催化剂的活性和选择性的标准试验.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D5154-2005 Standard Test Method for Determining Activity and Selectivity of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test《用微活性试验法测定流化床催化裂化(FCC)催化剂的活性和选择性的标准试验.pdf(8页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 5154 05Standard Test Method forDetermining Activity and Selectivity of Fluid CatalyticCracking (FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5154; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers determining the activity andselectivity of either equili
3、brium or laboratory deactivated fluidcatalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts. The activity is evaluated onthe basis of mass percent conversion of gas oil in a microac-tivity unit. The selectivities are evaluated on the basis of masspercent yields of specifically defined products resulting fromthe catalyt
4、ic cracking of gas oil.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of th
5、is standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution ofPetroleum Fractions by Gas ChromatographyD 3907 Test Method for Tes
6、ting Fluid Catalytic Cracking(FCC) Catalysts by Microactivity TestD 4463 Guide for Metals Free Steam Deactivation of FreshFluid Catalytic Cracking CatalystsE 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of MaterialsE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 456 Terminology
7、Relating to Quality and StatisticsE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 activitycalculated as conversion divided by thedifference of 100 minus conversion.3.1.2 ASTM refer
8、ence catalystsa set of equilibrium FCCcatalysts within the useful range of this test method is used toimprove the reproducibility of test results between differentlaboratories. Each catalyst has a consensus mean conversionvalue assigned to it by Committee D32. Samples of the ASTMreference catalysts
9、can be obtained through NIST.3.1.3 ASTM standard feeda specific batch of gas oil that isused as feedstock in the described test method.33.1.4 catalyst/oil (C/O) ratiothe mass of catalyst used inthe test divided by the mass of feed fed to the reactor. Inpractice, the mass of catalyst is usually maint
10、ained at aconstant value and the total mass of feed is varied.3.1.5 contact timecalculated as 3600/(WHSV C/O). Thisis the delivery time, in seconds, during which feed is intro-duced to the reactor.3.1.6 HCOthe heavy cycle oil product defined to have aminimum boiling point of 343C (650F).3.1.7 LCOthe
11、 light cycle oil product defined to have aboiling point range of 216 to 343C (421 to 650F).3.1.8 measured conversioncalculated as the differencebetween the mass of feed used and the mass of unconvertedmaterial divided by the mass of feed used times 100 %. Theunconverted material is defined as all li
12、quid product with aboiling point above 216C (42F).3.1.9 normalized product yieldthe result obtained wheneach product yield has been corrected for non-perfect massbalances. For a run to be judged acceptable, the total recovery,wt % of feed, should be in the range of 96 to 101 % prior tonormalization.
13、 If the recovery is outside this range the test datashould be discarded.3.1.10 product yieldone hundred times the mass of aspecific product divided by the mass of feed used in the test.3.1.11 reaction severityan indication of the severity of thecracking reaction which allows a range of conversions t
14、o beobtained from any particular catalyst without changing reactortemperature. Changing reaction severity is achieved by chang-ing WHSV or C/O ratio or both.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 onCatalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.04 on Cataly
15、ticProperties.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 515403.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of AS
16、TMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 3460, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh
17、ocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.12 weight hourly space velocity (WHSV)the oil feedrate in grams per hour divided by the mass of catalyst in grams.Units are hr-1.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 At least two samples of FCC catalysts, one of which ischosen as a reference, are separately contacted
18、with gas oil(ASTM Standard Feed or other suitable feedstock) in a fixedbed reactor at a specified reaction temperature and at more thanone reaction severity. Reaction products (liquid, gas, and cokeon catalyst) are analyzed. Conversion, activity, and productyields are calculated for each experiment.
19、4.2 Following analysis of the products, the total recovery(that is, mass balance) of the feed as converted and uncon-verted products is determined. If the recovery is less than 96 %or greater than 101 %, the test is rejected as unsatisfactory.4.3 For each catalyst tested, normalized product yields a
20、replotted against conversion or activity to generate a yield curve.The data comprising the yield curve may be used to obtain theparameters of an appropriate mathematical expression for thecurve. Comparisons among catalysts can be made by interpo-lating the yield curves to obtain the product yields a
21、t somespecified conversion.5. Significance and Use5.1 The microactivity test provides data to assess the rela-tive performance of FCC catalysts. Because results are affectedby catalyst pretreatment, feedstock characteristics, test equip-ment, and operating parameters, adherence to this test methodis
22、 a prerequisite for correct interpretation of results. Apparatus,test conditions, and analytical procedures actually used shouldclosely resemble those described in this test method. Signifi-cant variations in apparatus, test conditions and/or analyticalprocedures may result in activity and selectivi
23、ty data which donot correlate with data developed by other laboratories onidentical catalyst/feedstock samples.5.2 The standard method reaction temperature is 516C(960F). Other reaction temperatures can be used; however,catalyst selectivity data developed at temperatures other than516C may not corre
24、late with selectivity data developed at516C. Also, precision at other reaction temperatures maychange compared to data obtained at 516C.6. Apparatus6.1 The apparatus of this test method is essentially thatdescribed in Test Method D 3907, as shown in Figs. 1-4, withthe addition of a gas collection sy
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