ASTM D5181-2004 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester《用GA-CAT综合磨损试验机测定印刷物耐磨损的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D5181-2004 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester《用GA-CAT综合磨损试验机测定印刷物耐磨损的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D5181-2004 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester《用GA-CAT综合磨损试验机测定印刷物耐磨损的标准试验方法》.pdf(3页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 5181 04Standard Test Method forAbrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CATComprehensive Abrasion Tester1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5181; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisi
2、on, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determiningthe abrasion resistance of printed matter using
3、 a GA-CATComprehensive Abrasion Tester.1.2 This test method is applicable to packaging labels, book,catalog, and magazine covers, bar codes, corrugated boxes, andother containers having applied graphics on any flat substrate.It is not recommended for powder coatings.1.3 The values stated in SI units
4、 are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pract
5、ices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 171 Specification for Standard Atmospheres for Condi-tioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Materials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 abrasion
6、 resistance, nresistance against the act ofscraping, smudging, or rubbing off.3.1.2 abrasiveness, nthe degree to which a product tendsto cause abrasion by the act of rubbing or scraping.3.1.3 receptor, nfilm or paper of standard abrasivenessonto which material removed from the specimen is depositedd
7、uring the abrasion testing process. Alternatively, printed paperfrom which material is removed onto the specimen that has ahigher degree of abrasiveness than the receptor (in case oftesting abrasiveness).4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The test print and a receptor are sandwiched in the panelholder of
8、the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester,clamped together with a known force, and made to slide overeach other at a known frequency and over a known distance fora predetermined time period.4.2 The test specimen is examined for degree of printdegradation and the receptor for amount of ink or othermat
9、erial transferred from the specimen surface. Results may berated relative to a comparative control run in the identicalmanner, or they may be quantified by comparison to a rankingscale numbered from zero to ten (zero being the most abrasionresistant and ten the least abrasion resistant).5. Significa
10、nce and Use5.1 Abrasion resistance during transport and storage isessential to prevent marring of type matter, designs, or protec-tive coatings on the exterior of labels and other printedmaterials. Recognizing that the actual amount of abrasionoccurring in the field depends on relative humidity, tem
11、pera-ture, tightness of packing, and a host of other variables, this testmethod provides a rapid means for comparing the abrasionresistance of test surfaces under laboratory conditions. It isuseful for specification acceptance between the supplier andthe customer.5.2 This test method can also be use
12、d to evaluate the relativeabrasion resistance of printed inks, varnishes, laminates andsubstrates, and the abrasiveness of inks.6. Apparatus6.1 GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester.36.2 Ranking Book,3containing specimens whose degree ofruboff is ranked from 0 (no ruboff) to + 10 (most ruboff).7. Mat
13、erials7.1 Standard Receptors, approximately 102 by 114 mm (4by 412 in.), of an appropriate grade, as follows:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.56 on Printing
14、Inks.Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approvedin 1991. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 5181 91 (1997)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMS
15、tandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Gavarti Assoc., Ltd., 9240 N. Sleepy Hollow Lane, Milwaukee, WI 53217. If youare aware of alternative suppliers, please provi
16、de this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
17、Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7.1.1 C-13(least abrasive)Glossy coated paper suitablefor use with samples of low abrasion resistance.7.1.2 A-1, A-3, and A-4 (intermediate abrasiveness)Imperial lapping film with aluminum oxide abrasive particlesof different sizes (9, 12, an
18、d 30 m, respectively).7.1.3 A-6 (most abrasive), wet or dry, tri-um-ite 600.7.1.4 B-23(intermediate abrasion resistance)Printedsingle color paper suitable for measuring abrasiveness ofsamples of average abrasiveness (corrugated).NOTE 1Other receptors may be substituted provided they have equalabrasi
19、veness on the same test specimens. Further research and experiencemay indicate a need for additional grades of standard receptors.7.2 Foam Sheeting,32 pieces, each approximately 2 mm inthickness and cut to 102 by 114 mm (4 by 412 in.).NOTE 2Use of foam sheeting as a backing for the test specimen and
20、the receptor is recommended to provide uniform pressure over the testsurfaces and to prevent ink, varnish, or other particles from becomingimbedded in the sensitive surface of the panel holders.7.3 Comparative Control, a production or laboratory printpreferably having known abrasion resistance. The
21、comparativecontrol must have the same substrate, color(s), and subjectmatter as the test print.8. Test Specimen and Conditioning8.1 The specimen size in the grain direction (or flute in thecase of corrugated board) must not exceed 114 mm (412 in.).The specimen size in the cross-grain direction is le
22、ss critical;102 mm (4 in.) is recommended. Care should be taken to avoidcontaminating the test surface with fingerprints during speci-men cutting and handling.8.2 Condition the specimens at 23 6 2C (73.5 6 3.6F)and 50 6 5 % relative humidity in accordance with Specifica-tion E 171.9. Preparation of
23、Apparatus9.1 Set the abrasion tester on a sturdy bench, preferably ina room conditioned at the temperature and relative humidityprescribed in 8.2. Make sure that the three-prong power cord iscorrectly connected.9.2 Periodically, check the liquid level in the hydraulicpressure system. If not full, fo
24、llow the instructions in themanufacturers manual.9.3 If test conditions have not been specified, select anappropriate receptor by running the reference standard for thelength of time required to achieve a visible level of degrada-tion. Start with receptor C-1 (7.1.1). If the test time exceeds 2min,
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