1、Designation: D 6252/D 6252M 98 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Test Method forPeel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Label Stocks at a 90Angle1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6252/D 6252M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the peeladhesion of pressure-sensitive labe
3、l stocks. This test methodgives a measure of the adherence to a standard steel substrateor to other surfaces of interest for a pressure-sensitive labelstock.1.2 This test method provides a means of assessing theuniformity of the adhesion of a given type of pressure-sensitivelabel stock. The assessme
4、nt may be within a sheet or roll,between sheets or rolls, or between production lots.1.3 Variations in the label stock facestock and adhesive canaffect the response; therefore, this test method cannot be usedto pinpoint the specific cause(s) of nonuniformity.1.4 This test method may not be appropria
5、te to test labelstocks having either stiff backings or backings showing a highstretch at low forces. These characteristics could result in ahigh variability of the test response, which is not a trueindication of the real nature of the adhesive bond.1.5 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound un
6、its are tobe regarded separately as the standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem must be used independently, without combining valuesin any way.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its us
7、e. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 666 Specification for Austenitic Stainless Steel, Sheet,Strip, Plate, and
8、 Flat BarD 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD 3715/D 3715M Practice for Quality Assurance ofPressure-Sensitive TapesD 4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, orPackaging Components for TestingE 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate aMeasure of Qual
9、ity for a Lot or Process3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms used in this testmethod are in accordance with Terminology D 996.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 pressure-sensitive label stock, nthe combination offacestock (face material), pressure-sensitive adhesiv
10、e, andrelease liner.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A strip of label stock is applied to a standard test panel,or other surface of interest, with controlled pressure. The labelstock is peeled from the panel at 90 angle at a specified rate,during which time the force required to effect peeling ismeasure
11、d.NOTE 1The pressure-sensitive adhesive (psa) is permanently tackyand instantly adheres to the surface for which the label stock is designed.A psa label stock also can be defined as a self-adhering label stock.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is a tool for quality assurance use.Given a pr
12、essure-sensitive label stock and a requirement interms of the minimum or maximum peel adhesion valueexpected for this label stock, the data from the test can be usedin conjunction with acceptance criteria.5.2 This test method can show the relative bond strength ofa given label stock to one or more s
13、urfaces of varied materialand texture as compared to the standard stainless steel panel.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tape andLabels.Current edition approved April 10, 1998. Published September
14、 1998.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P
15、O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Substitution of panels representative of the proposed substratesfor the standard stainless steel panel would be acceptable forthis procedure.6. Apparatus6.1 Specimen Cutter3The specimen cutter shall hold twosingle-edged razor blades in para
16、llel planes, a precise distanceapart, to form a cutter of exact specimen width.NOTE 2A 25.4-mm or 1-in. cutter shall consist of a 25.4-mm or 1-in.thick by 200-mm or 8-in. length of aluminum bar stock 25.4 mm or 1 in.wide. The edges for about 125 mm or 5 in. from one end shall be slightlyrounded to f
17、orm a handle. The width of the bar for 75 mm or 3 in. fromthe opposite end shall be narrowed to exactly 25.4 mm or 1 in. minus thethickness of a single-edged razor blade (one of two used as cutting edges).The razor blades shall be held in position using side plates. The end of thecutter shall be cut
18、 away at 0.74 Rad or 45 angle to expose the cuttingedge at one end of the blades.6.2 Dispensing System for SolventsUse plastic washbottles.6.3 Panel3A 50 by 125-mm no less than 1.1-mm thick-ness ora2by5-in. panel no less than 0.043-in. thicknessstainless steel 302 or 304 in accordance with Specifica
19、tionA 666 having a bright-annealed finish. The surface roughnessheight shall be 50 6 5-nm or 2.0 6 0.2-uin. arithmeticalaverage deviation from the mean line. Panels showing stains,discoloration, or numerous scratches are not acceptable.6.4 Roller3, mechanically-operated.6.4.1 A steel roller 85 6 2.5
20、 mm or 3.25 6 0.1 in. indiameter and 45 6 1.5 mm or 1.75 6 0.05 in. in width, coveredby rubber approximately 6.5 mm or 0.25 in. in thickness,having a Shore Scale A durometer hardness of 80 6 5. Thesurface shall be a true cylinder void of any convex or concavedeviations. The mass of the roller shall
21、be 2040 6 45gor4.56 0.1 lb.6.4.2 No part of the apparatus shall increase the mass of theroller during use. The roller shall move mechanically at the rateof 5.0 6 0.2 mm/s or 12.0 6 0.5 in./min.NOTE 3A simple check to determine if the rubber surface is a truecylinder is to wrap the roller in a very t
22、hin paper (onion skin) and drag itacross a flat glass surface on which is placed a carbon paper face up. Thecarbon rubs off onto the thin paper wrapper to reveal high spots or hollowson the rubber surface.6.5 Adhesion TesterA constant-rate-of-extension (CRE)tension-type instrument shall be used. The
23、 instrument shallhave a means for rigidly holding a test panel or a test panelfixture and another means for holding one end of the labelstock specimen both having centers on one line. The instru-ment shall produce movement between the two points de-scribed above such that a 90 angle is maintained be
24、tween labelstock specimen and the test panel throughout the test. Theextension shall be at a uniform rate of 5.0 6 0.2 mm/s or 12 60.5 in./min. The force measuring system shall be calibrated toan accuracy of 0.5 % of full scale. The lowest required fullscale range is 0550 g or 020 oz. Above the 020
25、oz range,full scale for any test shall be such that the mean test value fallswithin 20 % of the scale maximum. An autographic device forrecording peel force shall be provided. Capability of intergrat-ing areas under the peel force recordings shall be optional.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Purity of R
26、eagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee onAnalytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, wheresuch specifications are available.4Other grades may be used,provided it is
27、 first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficientlyhigh purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy ofthe determination.7.2 Solvents:7.2.1 Diacetone Alcohol, non-residual, technical grade orbetter.7.2.2 One of the following:7.2.2.1 Acetone.7.2.2.2 Ethyl Acetate.7.2.2.3 Isopropyl Alcoh
28、ol (IPA).7.2.2.4 Methyl Alcohol, (95 %).7.2.2.5 Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK).7.2.2.6 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK).7.2.2.7 n-Heptane.7.2.3 Where toxicity and flammability requirements areparamount, a mixture of n-heptane and a fluorinated hydrocar-bon, such as refrigerant, may meet the requirements. No
29、rmally,cleaning procedures, including use of the solvents in 7.2,cannot be used on porous or solvent-sensitive materials.7.3 Cleaning Material, absorbent, either surgical gauze ortissue. To be suitable, materials must be lint-free during use,absorbent, contain no additives that are soluble in the so
30、lventslisted in 7.2, and be made without contaminants.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling for rolls shall be in accordance with PracticeD 3715/D 3715M and for sheet stock in accordance withPractice E 122.9. Test Specimen9.1 The specimens shall be no greater than 25.4 mm or 1 in.in width nor less than 12.7 mm or
31、12 in. wide. A tolerance of60.4 mm or 6164 in. shall be allowed. The length shall beapproximately 150 mm or 6 in.9.2 If samples are in roll form, discard, at least three but notmore than six, outer wraps of label stock from the sample rollbefore taking the specimen for testing.9.3 Remove one specime
32、n, minimum length 150 mm or 6in./sample roll or sample sheet.9.4 When the label stock is wider than 25.4 mm or 1 in.,specimens of the widest specified width (9.1) are to be cut fromthe center of a strip removed from the roll or sheet.3Available from Chemsultants International, 9349 Hamilton Drive, H
33、aisleyCommercial Park, Mentor, OH 440611118.4“Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications,” AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see “Reagent Chemicals and Standards,”by J. Rosin, D. Van Nostr
34、and Co., Inc., New York, NY, and the “United StatesPharmacopoeia”.D 6252/D 6252M 98 (2004)2NOTE 4Discard cleaned panels showing stains, discoloration, ornumerous scratches. Avoid contacting panel surfaces with fingers. Duringstorage, panels should be protected by covering with protective tape.10. Co
35、nditioning10.1 Condition the sample rolls or sheets in the standardconditioning atmosphere as described in Practice D 4332 for aperiod of not less than 24 h. Test at these conditions.11. Procedure11.1 Dispense diacetone alcohol onto the panel. Scrub thepanel with a clean piece of absorbent cleaning
36、material. Drythe panel with fresh absorbent cleaning material. Dispense oneof the solvents listed in 7.2.2 onto the panel, wiping it todryness with fresh absorbent cleaning material. Repeat for atotal of three washes with this solvent.11.2 Place the specimen, release liner side up, and remove125 to
37、150 mm or 5 to 6 in. of the release liner by pulling therelease liner away from the adhesive and cutting to theappropriate length.11.3 Touch one end of the specimen with exposed adhesiveto an end of the test panel. Hold the outer end of the specimenso that it does not make contact with the panel but
38、 is positionedloosely above it. Roll the label stock mechanically once in eachdirection, causing the roller to apply the label stock to thepanel. This action prevents entrapment of air between theadhesive and the panel. Should such entrapment of air occur,discard the specimen.NOTE 5Use only the weig
39、ht of the roller to press the samples onto thetest panel. Do not push down on the roller.11.4 Individually prepare each specimen and test immedi-ately (within 60 s).NOTE 6Longer dwell time will give different results. Peel adhesionincreases with dwell time at different rates for various label stocks
40、. Alonger dwell time may be chosen purposely. Within a set of tests, onespecified dwell time should be used. Sets of data should be compared onlyif a common dwell time has been used.11.5 Place the panel into the panel holder on the lowerfixture. Clamp the free end of the specimen into the upperclamp
41、. Operate the separation speed at 5.0 6 0.2 mm/s or 126 0.5 in./min.11.6 After the jaw is started in motion, disregard the valuesobtained while the first and last 25 mm or 1 in. is mechanicallypeeled.11.6.1 Record an instrument integrated value obtained fromthe peeling of the next 50 mm or 2 in. aft
42、er the first 25 mm or1 in. for the peel-adhesion value, or11.6.2 For the next 50 mm or 2 in. of peel after the first 25mm or 1 in., average all chart recorded high peaks and an equalnumber of low peaks. Record the average value for thepeel-adhesion value.11.7 If the sample breaks before an average p
43、ull value isobtained, the sample can be reinforced with transparent tapeapproximately 1 mil thickness. If transparent tape is used, itshould be noted in the report.12. Calculation12.1 If recorded peel adhesion is not in newtons per 100 mmor ounces per inch of width, convert to newtons or ounces.Calc
44、ulate peel adhesion in newtons per 100 mm or ounces perinch of width.13. Report13.1 The report shall include the following information:13.1.1 Statement that this practice was used and indicateany deviations from the practice as written.13.1.2 Complete identification of each specimen tested,including
45、 label source, manufacturers code number, and form.13.1.3 Anomalous behavior observed during the test, that is,adhesive transfer, splitting, etc.13.1.4 Peel adhesion value in newtons per 100 mm orounces per inch of width to the nearest 0.1 N/100 mm or 0.1oz/1 in. of width.13.1.5 Dwell time.13.1.6 Tr
46、ansparent tape reinforcement, if used and transpar-ent tape thickness.14. Precision and Bias14.1 Based on data from a single laboratory, the typicalrepeatable standard deviation is approximately 0.8 N/100 mmor 0.7 oz/1 in. The actual standard deviation will depend on thespecific pressure-sensitive p
47、roduct that is being tested. Aninterlaboratory test program will be conducted to determine thebetween laboratory reproducibility.14.2 BiasNo information can be presented on the bias ofthe procedure in this test method because no acceptablereference value is available.15. Keywords15.1 label stock; pe
48、el adhesion at 90 angle; pressure-sensitive label stockASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent
49、rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comm
