1、Designation: D 7088 04Standard Practice forResistance to Hydrostatic Pressure for Coatings Used inBelow Grade Applications Applied to Masonry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7088; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice is for the evaluation of coatings used inbelow grade applications to res
3、ist the passage of water throughconcrete block.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibilit
4、y of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and to determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD 1475 Test Method for Density of Liq
5、uid Coatings, Inks,and Related ProductsD 3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Condi-tioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and RelatedMaterialsD 3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and RelatedPigmented Coatings2.2 U. S. Federal StandardsTT-P-1411A Paint, Copolymer-Resin, Cement
6、itious (forWaterproofing Concrete and Masonry Walls)33. Summary of Practice3.1 Commercially available concrete blocks or concretemasonry units, typically 20 by 20 by 20 cm (8 by 8 by 8 in.)in outside dimensions with a hollow inside area (cell) of anominal 10 by 13 by 20 cm (4 by 5 by 8 in.) with a n
7、ominalwall thickness of 4 cm (112 in.) are coated on all four faceswith the test paint and allowed to cure. Rubber gaskets aresealed to the top and bottom of the test blocks typically with anepoxy or sealant. Water is then used to fill each coated testblock. They are allowed to sit for seven days. A
8、ir pressure isthen introduced and the face of the blocks is evaluated for thesize and frequency of water droplets on the face of the coating,any blistering, loss of adhesion, softening, discoloration orother film irregularities.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test is meant to simulate the ability of
9、 a coatingapplied to a basement or other below grade masonry walls toprevent the intrusion of water through the coating caused byhydrostatic pressure from water on the outside of the structure.5. Apparatus5.1 The metal frame test apparatus used in this practice (SeeFig. 1) consists of a series of bo
10、lts and wing nuts used forclamping the plate tightly against the gasket and the test block.The top metal plate has an opening in the center into which apipe cap is drilled and tapped to receive an air supply from acompressor tank or hand pump to increase in inside pressure.(See Fig. 2.)5.2 The test
11、apparatus typically consists of the following:5.2.1 Galvanized Steel Top and Bottom Plates, measuring28 by 28 by 0.3 cm (11 by 11 by18 in.), each with14 in. holesdrilled along the outer edges of the plates for insertion ofscrews and bolts to secure the blocks. There are typically threeholes on each
12、side. In addition, the top plate should have a 2.5cm (1 in.) diameter hole in the center for insertion of the airsupply.5.2.2 Bolts (8),12by14 in. with accompanying washers andwing nut screws to secure each block.5.2.3 Air Compressor, capable of pressurizing the testblocks to approximately 4 pounds
13、per square inch (psi)equipped with a pressure regulator to control the air pressurebeing applied to the block.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.47 on Masonry Tre
14、atments.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AST
15、M website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2.4 Rubber Gaskets (2),20by20by0.5cm(8by8by14i
16、n.) to be placed on top and bottom of the test block. Thegaskets to be used for the top of the block should have anopening to assure that air pressure can be applied.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Concrete Masonry Units (3),20by20by20cm(8by8by 8 in.) blocks with hollow cores with an inside openings(ce
17、ll) typically 10 by 13 by 20 cm (4 by 5 by 8 in.) in size andwalls approximately 4 cm (112 in.) thick. These blocks aretypical of the masonry units used in construction and may beobtained from commercial masonry supply companies.6.2 Stiff Bristle Brush, for cleaning test substrates.6.3 Paint Brush,
18、polyester nylon for applying test coatings.6.4 Rubber Gasket,(14 in. thick) used to ensure a tight sealon the top and bottom of the coated block.6.5 Sealant, Epoxy or Other Adhesive, to ensure a tight sealof the gasket to the block.6.6 Food Dyes.7. Sampling7.1 Sampling of the coating shall be conduc
19、ted in accor-dance with procedures outlined in Practice D 3925.8. Procedure8.1 Presoak test blocks in tap water overnight. Scrub off anyremaining dirt and then thoroughly dry in an oven and store atstandard conditions as outlined in Specification D 3924 untiltesting.NOTE 1Any cut edges, if present,
20、should be sealed using an epoxycoating or similar sealer and not coated with the test paint. The test blocksmay be available with two or three cores. The blocks are then cut toproduce two or three separate blocks. Where the blocks are cut are the cutedges.8.2 Using a stiff bristle brush, brush off a
21、ny loose materialon the surface of the blocks followed by spraying withcompressed air to ensure the removal of all loose concrete.8.3 Place blocks on corks or a stand to ensure that the topand the bottom of the blocks are not coated.8.4 Determine the density of the paint in accordance withprocedures
22、 outlined in Test Method D 1475 and apply the paintto each block using a good quality nylon/polyester brush at thecoverage rate specified by the manufacturer, or at a coveragerate of 75 square feet per gallon using the following equation:Grams of Paint Needed 5454 3 Density lb/gal!3Area in sq. in.!1
23、44 3 Coverage Rate sq. ft/gal!(1)8.5 Allow blocks to dry overnight. Apply a second coat ofthe test paint to each block using a good quality nylon/polyester brush at a coverage rate in accordance with manu-facturers instructions, or at a coverage rate of approximately75 square feet per gallon. Allow
24、the coated blocks to dry forseven days at standard conditions or in accordance withmanufacturers instructions.8.6 Fill the inside of the sealed test block with tap water upto the top of each inside hollow core and supply water asneeded to keep them filled for seven days.NOTE 2It is common to use wat
25、er to which food dye has been added.Using food dye enables the observer to more easily see water droplets thatmay come through the typically white test coating.8.7 Screw on the cap, clamp the top and bottom metal platestightly, check for leaks on edges, around the gaskets andexamine the paint film f
26、or any irregularities. Record anyobservations.8.8 Apply 4 psi of air pressure by suitable means, such as anair compressor or manual pump, and maintain for12 h, or fora time as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier. Releaseair pressure after12 h. Leave the test apparatus intact for 24 hand then
27、apply 4 psi again for an additional12 h. Release airpressure and evaluate the face of the test blocks for both thesize and density of water droplets on the face of the blocks orthe presence of blistering. Use Test Method D 714 as a guide toFIG. 1D7088042describe the size and density of water droplet
28、s on the face ofthe blocks. Leave the test apparatus intact for an additional 24h.8.9 After 24 h, evaluate the coating for any loss of adhesionor softening of the coating by scraping the face of the blockwith a wooden tongue depressor or any other suitable device.Evaluate for any other film irregula
29、rities and record findings.NOTE 3An alternate method of maintaining 4 psi of pressure on thetest blocks, when an air compressor or manual pump is not available, is toattacha8ftlength of clear plastic tubing to the top of the test block. Nextattach a quart plastic container to the other end of the tu
30、bing and place thecontainer approximately 8 ft above the test block. Fill the container andtubing with water ensuring that no air bubbles are noted. Attach a clampat the base of the tubing to discontinue pressure when needed.9. Interpretation of ResultsThe pass/fail criteria will be as agreed upon b
31、etweenmanufacturer and user.NOTE 4Federal Specification TT-P-1411A,4from which this practiceis derived, required that after testing, the film should show no blistering,loss of adhesion, softening, discoloration or any other film defects. Ifbeads of water droplets appear on the face of the coated tes
32、t blocks, theyshall not be larger than size 6 and frequency M (Medium) as shown in TestMethod D 714.10. Report10.1 Test paint used, application rate and curing conditions.10.2 Amount of air pressure applied and time blocks weremaintained at that pressure, if other than specified.10.3 Any blistering,
33、 softening, loss of adhesion and the sizeand frequency of any water droplets on the outside face of thecoated test block after testing.10.4 Any deviations from the above practice.11. Keywords11.1 coatings-masonry; resistance to hydrostatic pressureASTM International takes no position respecting the
34、validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is
35、subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Head
36、quarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This sta
37、ndard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).4Cancelled December 1, 1994.FIG. 2D7088043
