ASTM E2539-2012 Standard Practice for Multiangle Color Measurement of Interference Pigments《干涉颜料的多角度颜色测量的标准实施规程》.pdf
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1、Designation: E2539 12Standard Practice forMultiangle Color Measurement of Interference Pigments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2539; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONObjects that exhibit a change in color with different angles of illumination and view are said to be“gonioapparent.” The tristimulus c
3、olorimetric values of gonioapparent objects are derived using thespectral reflectance factors obtained from spectrometric measurements or colorimetric measurementsat various angles of illumination and detection. The tristimulus colorimetric values are computed usingthe spectral reflectance factors o
4、f the object, the CIE Standard Observer, and the spectral powerdistribution of the illuminant, as described in Practice E308. This Practice, E2539, specifies the colormeasurement of interference pigments at various illumination and detection angles.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the instrumental r
5、equirements andrequired parameters needed to make instrumental color mea-surements of thin film interference pigments. This practice isdesigned to encompass interference pigments used in architec-tural applications, automobiles, coatings, cosmetics, inks,packaging, paints, plastics, printing, securi
6、ty, and other appli-cations.1.2 Characterization of the optical behavior of materialscolored with interference pigments requires measurement atmultiple angles of illumination and detection.1.3 Data taken utilizing this practice are quantitative and areappropriate for quality control of interference
7、pigment color.1.4 The measurement results are usually expressed as re-flectance factors, tristimulus color values, or as CIE L*a*b*color coordinates and color difference.1.5 The totality of data taken may not be necessary forevaluating mixtures also containing non-interference pigments.The committee
8、 is investigating and evaluating the appropriate-ness of this practice for those materials. It is the responsibilityof the users to determine the applicability of this practice fortheir specific applications.1.6 Interference pigments are typically evaluated for colorand color appearance in a medium,
9、 such as paint or ink. Thegonioapparent effect depends strongly on the physical andchemical properties of the medium. Some of the propertiesaffecting color and color appearance include vehicle viscosity,thickness, transparency, and volume solids. As a general rule,for quality control purposes, inter
10、ference pigments are bestevaluated in a masstone product form. In some cases thisproduct form may be the final product form, or more typicallya qualified simulation of the intended product form (such as apaint drawdown) that in terms of color and appearancecorrelates to final product application.1.7
11、 This standard does not address the requirements forcharacterizing materials containing metal flake pigments. Mea-surements of the optical characteristics of materials containingmetal flake pigments are described in Practice E2194.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.
12、The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bilit
13、y of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E284 Terminology of AppearanceE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects byUsing the CIE SystemE805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods ofColor or Color-Difference Measurement of MaterialsE1164
14、 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data forObject-Color EvaluationE1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability ofColor Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color andAppearance and is the direct responsibility of Subc
15、ommittee E12.12 on Gonioap-parent Color.Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originallyapproved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E2539 - 08. DOI:10.1520/E2539-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Ser
16、vice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange o
17、f Color andAppearance DataE1767 Practice for Specifying the Geometries of Observa-tion and Measurement to Characterize the Appearance ofMaterialsE2194 Practice for Multiangle Color Measurement of MetalFlake Pigmented MaterialsE2480 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Pre
18、cision of a Test Method with Multi-Valued Measurands2.2 ISCC Publications:3Technical Report 20031 Guide to Material Standards andTheir Use in Color Measurement3. Terminology3.1 Terms and definitions in Terminology E284, and Prac-tices E1767 and E2194 are applicable to this practice. SeeSection 5 of
19、E284 for “Specialized Terminology on Gonioap-parent Phenomena.”4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describes the instrumental geometries,including abridged goniospectrometry, used to measure inter-ference pigments. Optical characterization requires color mea-surement at multiple illumination and
20、 multiple detection anglesspecified in this procedure. These sets of illumination anddetection angles are specified in the practice. Standardizationand verification of the instrument used to measure thesematerials are defined. The requirements for selection of speci-mens and measurement procedures a
21、re provided. The resultsare reported in terms of reflectance factors, CIE tristimulusvalues, and other color coordinate systems that define the colorof the object. Expected values of precision are presented.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is designed to provide color data obtainedfrom spect
22、ral reflectance factors at specific illumination anddetection angles for interference pigments. Information pre-sented in this test practice is based upon data taken on materialsexclusively pigmented with interference pigments.5.2 These data can be used for acceptance testing, designpurposes, resear
23、ch, manufacturing control, and quality control.5.3 Specimens must be statistically representative of the enduse.5.4 Applicability of this practice for other materials, includ-ing combining interference pigments with absorbing and scat-tering pigments should be confirmed by the user.6. Environmental
24、Conditions6.1 If the standard laboratory conditions listed belowchange during the test or from test to test by an appreciableamount, these conditions may reduce accuracy and precision ofthis test method. In some cases these effects may only beobserved during the performance of the test.6.2 Factors a
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