BS ISO 1999-2013 Acoustics Estimation of noise-induced hearing loss《声学 噪声引起的听力损伤评价》.pdf
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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 1999:2013Acoustics Estimation ofnoise-induced hearing lossBS ISO 1999:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 1999:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/1/1, Hearing.A li
2、st of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLim
3、ited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 70888 6ICS 13.140Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS IS
4、O 1999:2013 ISO 2013Acoustics Estimation of noise-induced hearing lossAcoustique Estimation de la perte auditive induite par le bruitINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO1999Third edition2013-10-01Reference numberISO 1999:2013(E)BS ISO 1999:2013ISO 1999:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED
5、DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission
6、 can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 1999:2013ISO 1999:2013(E) IS
7、O 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Principle 35 Description and measurement of noise exposure . 36 Prediction of the effects of noise on hearing threshold . 46.1 Statistical distribution of hearing thres
8、hold levels of a noise-exposed population 46.2 Databases for hearing threshold levels associated with age (HTLA) 46.3 Calculation of noise-induced permanent threshold shift, N .57 Assessment of noise-induced hearing loss and disability . 87.1 Hearing loss . 87.2 Hearing disability . 87.3 Risk of hea
9、ring disability 8Annex A (informative) Calculation of database A, statistical distribution of hearing thresholds as a function of age (HTLA) for an otologically normal population (highly screened) 10Annex B (informative) Examples for database B 13Annex C (informative) Example of assessment of risk o
10、f noise-induced hearing loss and disability .17Annex D (informative) Tables with examples for NIPTS data 20Bibliography .22BS ISO 1999:2013ISO 1999:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The
11、work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-gover
12、nmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in
13、the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibili
14、ty that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of pat
15、ent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 43, Acoustics.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (
16、ISO 1999:1990), of which it constitutes a minor revision.iv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 1999:2013ISO 1999:2013(E)IntroductionThis International Standard presents, in statistical terms, the relationship between noise exposures and the “noise-induced permanent threshold shift” (NIPTS) in people
17、 of various ages. It provides procedures for estimating the hearing loss due to noise exposure of populations free from auditory impairment other than that due to noise (with allowance for the effects of age) or of unscreened populations whose hearing capability has been measured or estimated. NIPTS
18、 is treated here as an additive term independent of other components of hearing threshold levels. For any given noise exposure, it has a range of positive values representing the variability of noise-damage susceptibility between individuals of a population.Persons regularly exposed to noise can dev
19、elop hearing loss of varying severity. Due to this hearing loss, their understanding of speech, perception of everyday acoustic signals, or appreciation of music may be impaired. With the exception of exposure to blast, high-impulse noise and extremely high levels of steady noise, permanent impairme
20、nt of the hearing organ takes time and is progressive over months, years, or decades of exposure. NIPTS is usually preceded by a reversible temporary effect on hearing called noise-induced “temporary threshold shift” (TTS). The severity of TTS and recovery from it depend upon exposure level and dura
21、tion. For a single individual, it is not possible to determine precisely which changes in hearing threshold level are caused by noise and which changes are caused by other factors, although, in doubtful individual cases, the data in this International Standard might provide an additional means for e
22、stimating the most probable causes in audiological diagnosis. However, for a large population exposed to a specific noise, changes in the statistical distributions of hearing threshold levels can be determined. Parameters, such as the mean NIPTS and the median NIPTS, can be used to describe differen
23、ces in hearing threshold levels between two populations that are similar in all relevant respects except that one population has had a well-defined (usually occupational) noise exposure. Throughout this International Standard, the term NIPTS is applied to changes in the noise-induced permanent thres
24、hold shift of statistical distributions of groups of people; it is not to be applied to individuals.This International Standard can be applied to the calculation of the risk of sustaining hearing loss due to regular occupational noise exposure or due to any daily repeated noise exposure. In some cou
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