[考研类试卷]考研英语模拟试卷331(无答案).doc
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1、考研英语模拟试卷 331(无答案)一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Humans are unique in the extent to which they can reflect on themselves and others. Humans are a-ble to 1 , to think in abstract terms,
2、 to reflect on the future. A meaningless, 2 world is an insecure world. We do not like extensive insecurity. When it 3 to human behavior we infer meaning and 4 to make the behavior understandable. What all this means is that people develop “quasi theories“ of human behavior, that is, theories that a
3、re not developed in an objective, scientific 5 When doing so, people believe they know 6 humans do the things they do.Lets consider an example. In the United States people have been 7 with the increasing amount of crime for several years. The extent of crime bothers us; we ourselves could be 8 But w
4、hat also bothers us is that people behave in such ways. Why can such things happen? We develop quasi theories. We 9 concerned about the high crime rate, but we now believe we 10 it; our criminal justice system is 11 ; people have grown selfish and inconsiderate as our moral values 12 from the influe
5、nce of liberal ideas; too many people are 13 drugs. These explanations suggest possible solutions. 14 the courts; put more people in jail as 15 to other law breakers. There is hope that the problem of crime can be solved if only we 16 these solutions. Again, the world is no longer meaningless nor 17
6、 so threatening.These quasi theories 18 serve a very important function for us. But how accurate are they? How 19 will the suggested solutions be? These questions must be answered 20 how people normally go about developing or attaining their quasi theories of human behavior.(A)understand(B) reason(C
7、) meditate(D)reckon(A)unanimous(B) unimaginable(C) disorganized(D)unpredictable(A)comes(B) gets(C) goes(D)amounts(A)initiatives(B) illustration(C) conclusions(D)motives(A)means(B) medium(C) manner(D)approach(A)whether(B) how(C) when(D)why(A)concerned(B) worried(C) disturbed(D)involved(A)preys(B) vic
8、tims(C) casualties(D)sacrifices(A)retain(B) maintain(C) remain(D)refrain(A)know(B) understand(C) comprehend(D)grasp(A)deficient(B) precautious(C) destructive(D)inadequate(A)weaken(B) shrink(C) circumscribe(D)evade(A)with(B) against(C) for(D)on(A)Strengthen(B) Stiffen(C) Intensify(D)Consolidate(A)exa
9、mples(B) models(C) cases(D)samples(A)see to(B) work out(C) act on(D)come up with(A)quite(B) rather(C) very(D)much(A)moreover(B) otherwise(C) nevertheless(D)therefore(A)effective(B) efficient(C) proficient(D)sufficient(A)with respect to(B) as a result of(C) on behalf of(D)in line withPart ADirections
10、: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 When stars like our Sun die, they bloat to become red giants and then eject gigantic clouds of gas and dust into space. Increasingly, however, scientists found themselves at a profound loss
11、to explain how exactly dying stars could blow away these clouds. Now astrophysicists propose that unexpected chemical reactions during the formation of stardust could help solve this mystery.Stars smaller than the Sun and up to eight times as massive die by swelling up into red giants before sheddin
12、g most of their mass to shrink into very compact, dying embers(灰烬) called white dwarfs. Two kinds of red giants exist-those with lots of carbon, and others richer in oxygen than in carbon. Carbon-rich stars release carbon particles during their death throes. Scientists proposed these pitch-black gra
13、ins absorb rays from the dying star and get shot into space by starlight, a theory that fit both the observations and computer models.Increasingly, however, researchers could not explain how oxygen-rich stars like our own Sun could propel their clouds away during the final stages of mass loss. Oxyge
14、n-rich stars create large quantities of water vapor and silicates, such as quartz(石英砂) or sand. These are transparent, meaning starlight should go right through them.Possible solutions have been contemplated by scientists. They first pondered whether the silicates might have iron in them, which woul
15、d render them opaque instead of transparent. But calculations showed the dust grains would have evaporated if they had iron in them. They next wondered if enough molecules surrounded the core of a dying oxygen-rich star to block out its light and thus create a wind that blew the stars outermost laye
16、r into space. But their models suggested these molecules could not block off enough light and create strong enough Rinds.The scientists then suggested that pulsations occurred when stars die could perhaps force a stars matter out, but this idea did not match with astronomers observations. But inspir
17、ation then dawned upon them. Perhaps some of the carbon in the oxygen-rich stars could help force the outer layers of the stars into space. They believe shock waves from the pulsations of dying stars could make carbon in oxygen-rich stars form pitch-black dust.“The theory fits with all our subsequen
18、t model calculations, and it matches observations from dying oxygen-rich red giants“. Moreover“, this mechanism strongly favors the presence of magnesium silicates over iron silicates in the interstellar medium“, in agreement with recent findings from NASAs comet-sampling Stardust space probe. If pr
19、oven correct, the beauty of the new scenario is that it suggests a common driving mechanism for many dying stars shedding their mass via dusty winds“, with possible long-reaching consequences for the origin of chemical elements relevant for life“.21 By introducing the theory of red giant, the author
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