1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 16（无答案）一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 So what is depression? Depression is often more about anger turned【C1 】_than it is about sadness. But its usually【C2】_as sadness. Dep
2、ression can【C3】_at all ages, from childhood to old age, and its the United States No.【C4】_problem. When someone is depressed, her behavior【C5 】_change and she loses interest in activities she【C6】_enjoyed (like sports, music, friendships). The sadness usually lasts every day for most of the day and f
3、or two weeks or more.What【C7 】 _depression? A【C8】_event can certainly bring【C9】_depression, but some will say it happens【C10】_a specific cause. So how do you know if youre just having a bad day【C11】_are really depressed? Depression affects your【C12】_, moods, behavior and even your physical health. T
4、hese changes often go【C13】_or are labeled【C14】_simply a bad case of the blues.Someone whos truly【C15】_depression will have【C16】_periods of crying spells, feelings of【C17】_(like not being able to change your situation) and【C18】_(like youll feel this way forever) , irritation or agitation. A depressed
5、 person often【 C19】_from others. Depression seldom goes away by itself, and the greatest【C20】_of depression is suicide. The risk of suicide increases if the depression isnt treated.1 【C1 】（A）on（B） down（C） inward（D）up2 【C2 】（A）depicted（B） reported（C） prohibited（D）expressed3 【C3 】（A）happen（B） convey（C
6、） fade（D）deteriorate4 【C4 】（A）social（B） academic（C） literary（D）health5 【C5 】（A）patterns（B） links（C） intuition（D）conscientiousness6 【C6 】（A）mostly（B） once（C） fairly（D）desperately7 【C7 】（A）cures（B） checks（C） triggers（D）logs8 【C8 】（A）solemn（B） sarcastic（C） slender（D）stressful9 【C9 】（A）on（B） around（C） u
7、p（D）under10 【C10 】（A）via（B） without（C） due to（D）out of11 【C11 】（A）or（B） hut（C） and（D）while12 【C12 】（A）monopoly（B） motion（C） thoughts（D）association13 【C13 】（A）underestimated（B） unsettled（C） unexpected（D）unrecognized14 【C14 】（A）by（B） as（C） in（D）for15 【C15 】（A）battling（B） substituting（C） reproaching（D）
8、menacing16 【C16 】（A）justified（B） extended（C） identified（D）matched17 【C17 】（A）selfishness（B） helplessness（C） strategy（D）emotion18 【C18 】（A）vibration（B） vicinity（C） reservation（D）hopelessness19 【C19 】（A）withdraws（B） overwhelms（C） invades（D）exploits20 【C20 】（A）fabric（B） patent（C） danger（D）passionPart A
9、Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 Asias real boat-rocker is a growing China, not Japan, a senior American economist observed.There is so much noise surrounding and emanating from the worlds miracle economy that it
10、is becoming cacophonous. In Washington, D.C., the latest idea is that China is becoming too successful, perhaps even dangerously so: while Capitol Hill resounds with complaints of trade surpluses and currency manipulation, the Pentagon and sundry think-tanks echo to a new drumbeat of analysts worryi
11、ng about Chinas 12.6% annual rise in military spending and about whether it might soon have the ability to take preemptive military action to force Taiwan to rejoin it. So it may be no coincidence that for three consecutive weekends the streets of big Chinese cities have been filled with the sounds
12、of demonstrators marching and rocks being thrown, all seeking to send a different message: that Japan is the problem in Asia, not China, because of its wanton failure to face up to its history; and that by cosying up to Japan in security matters, America is allying with Asias pariah.Deafness is not
13、the only risk from all this noise. The pressure towards protectionism in Washington is strong, and could put in further danger not only trade with China but also the wider climate for trade liberalisation in the Doha round of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). So far words have been the main weapon
14、s used between China and Japan, but there is a chance that nationalism in either or both countries could lead the governments to strike confrontational poses over their territorial disputes in the seas that divide them, even involving their navies. And the more that nationalist positions become entr
15、enched in both countries but especially China, the more that street protests could become stirred up, perhaps towards more violence.All these issues are complex ones and, as is often the case in trade and in historical disputes, finding solutions is likely to be far from simple. A revaluation of the
16、 yuan, as demanded in Congress, would not rebalance trade between America and China, though it might help a little, in due course. A “sincere“ apology by Japan for its wartime atrocities might also help a little, but it would not suddenly turn Asias natural great-power rivals into bosom buddies. For
17、 behind all the noise lies one big fact: that it is the rise of China, not the status or conduct of Japan, that poses Asias thorniest questions.21 The “the worlds miracle economy“ in the beginning of the second paragraph refers to（A）Asias real boat-rocker.（B） Chinas economic success.（C） Japans econo
18、mic success.（D）both China and Japans economic success.22 What does the word “think-tanks“ (Paragraph 2) mean?（A）Tanks that can think as human beings.（B） An institute or group providing solutions for some problems.（C） A group of authoritative people.（D）Scholars and professional men.23 What is the rea
19、son for the demonstrations in the streets of big Chinese cities?（A）China takes military action to force Taiwan to rejoin it.（B） Japan is the problem in Asia, not China.（C） Japan is unwilling to face up to its history.（D）America is allying with Asias pariah.24 How will the territorial disputes betwee
20、n China and Japan be settled according to the author?（A）By words and negotiations.（B） By their navies.（C） By more violence.（D）Unclear.25 What is the main cause of the issues in Asia according to the author?（A）Trade and historical disputes.（B） The appreciation of the yuan.（C） Japans refusal of apolog
21、y for its wartime atrocities.（D）The rise of China.25 Credibility about messages is high, because they are reported in independent media. A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Similarly, people a
22、re more likely to pay attention to news reports than ads. Readers spend time reading the stories, but they flip through the ads. Furthermore, there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazine. Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out cle
23、arly. Publicity also has some significant limitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, their placement, or their coverage by a given medium. It may issue detailed news releases and find only portions cited by the media; and media have the ability to be much more critical than
24、a company would like. For example, in 1982, Proctrer Gamble faced a substantial publicity problem over the meaning of its 123-year-old company logo. A few ministers and other private citizens believed that the symbol was sacrilegious. These beliefs were covered extensively by the media and resulted
25、in the firm receiving 15,000 phone calls about the rumor in June alone. To combat this negative publicity, the firm issued news releases featuring prominent clergy that refuted the rumors, threatened to sue those people spreading the stories, and had a spokesperson appear on Good Morning America. Th
26、e media cooperated with the company and the false rumor were temporarily put to rest. However, in 1985, negative publicity became so disruptive that Procter Gamble decided to remove the logo from its products. A firm may want publicity during certain periods, such as when a new product is introduced
27、 or new store opened, but the media may not cover the introduction or opening until after the time it would aid the firm. Similarly, media determine the placement of a story; it may follow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media ascertain whether to cover a story at all and the amount of cov
28、erage to be devoted to it. A company-sponsored jobs program might go unreported or receive three-sentence coverage in a local newspaper.26 The author mentions all of the following advantages of publicity EXCEPT_.（A）having attentiveness（B） having no time costs（C） having high credibility（D）having high
29、 profitability27 People are more likely to believe in news reports than ads because_.（A）they reach a larger audience than ads do（B） they are more objective（C） they appear in independent media（D）they are much more in number and stand out clearly28 The example in Paragraph 3 is intended to demonstrate
30、_.（A）the power of publicity（B） the victim of publicity（C） the terrible effect of rumors（D）the vulnerability of people to publicity29 One of the reasons why feature stories seem more reliable than ads is that_.（A）they are more believable（B） they are more objective（C） readers like to spend time readin
31、g stories（D）they are much fewer in number and stand out clearly30 The passage implies that_.（A）the placement of a story is not quite important（B） the report of a crime may not be true（C） local newspapers are not interested in company-sponsored programs（D）publicity is not always necessary31 Every yea
32、r 100 million holiday-makers are drawn to the Mediterranean. With one third of the worlds tourist trade, it is the most popular of all the holiday destinations: it is also the most polluted.It has only 1 percent of the worlds sea surface, but carries more than half the oil and tar floating on the wa
33、ters. Thousands of factories pour their poison into the Mediterranean, and almost every city, town and village on the coast sluices its sewage, untreated, into the sea.The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill-the first of the seas to fall victim to t
34、he abilities and attitudes that evolved around it. And the population does not merely stifle the life of the sea-it threatens the people who inhabit and visit its shores.Typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, polio, viral hepatitis and food poisoning are endemic in the area, and there are periodic outbrea
35、ks of cholera.The mournful litany of disease is caused by sewage. Eight-five percent of the waste from the Mediterraneans 120 coastal cities is pushed out into the waters where their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is more, most cities just drop it in straight off the beach; rare indeed are
36、 the places like Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even half a mile offshore.Less than 100, 000 of Greeces four million coastal people have their sewage properly treated-and Greece, is one of the cleaner countries of the northern shore.The worst parts of the sea are Israeli/Lebanon coast and between
37、 Barcelona and Genoa, which flushes out over 200 tons of sewage each year for every mile of its length.Not surprisingly, vast areas of the shallows are awash with bacteria and it doesnt take long for these to reach people. Professor William Brumfit of the Royal Free Hospital once calculated that any
38、one who goes for a swim in the Mediterranean has a one in seven chance of getting some sort of disease. Other scientists say this is an overestimate; but almost all of them agree that bathers are at risk.An even greater danger lurks in the seductive seafood dishes that add so much interest to holida
39、y menu. Shellfish are prime carriers of many of the most vicious diseases of the area. They often grow amid pollution. And even if they dont they are frequently infected by the popular practice of “freshening them up“ throwing filthy water over them in markets.Industry adds its own poisons. Factorie
40、s cluster round the coastline, and even the most modern rarely has proper waste-treatment plant. They do as much damage to the sea as sewage. Fifteen thousand factories foul the Italian Lihurian Riviera. Sixty thousand pollute the Tyrrhenian Sea between Sardinia, Sicily and the west Italian coast! T
41、he lagoon of Venice alone receives the effluents of 76 factories.Thousands of tons of pesticides are blown off the fields into the sea, detergents from millions of sinks kill fish, and fertilizers, flushed out to sea, nourish explosions of plankton which cover bathers with itchy slime.Then there is
42、the oil130,000 tons pouring each year from ships, 115,000 tons more from industries round the shore. Recent studies show that the Mediterranean is four times as polluted as the north Atlantic, 20 times as bad as the north-east Pacific.Apart from the nine-mile-wide Strait of Gibraltar, the Mediterran
43、ean is landlocked, virtually unable to cleanse itself. It takes 80 years for the water to be renewed, through the narrow, shallow straits, far too slow a process to cope with the remorseless rush of pollution.31 According to the passage, the Mediterranean_.（A）accounts for one-third of the worlds tou
44、rist population（B） is the most polluted area on earth（C） has only 1 percent of the worlds surface（D）is the most polluted sea in the world32 What advice is given to tourists according to the text?（A）Shellfish are prime dishes for tourists.（B） It is very risky to go for a swim in the Mediterranean.（C）
45、 The seafood dishes are very appetizing to take.（D）It is very dangerous to eat shellfish.33 Judging from the context, the word “lurk“(Line 1, Para. 9) probably means_.（A）to exist unseen（B） to wait quietly（C） to attract greatly（D）to move irregularly34 According to the passage, all the following may c
46、ause damage to the sea EXCEPT（A）sewage（B） pesticides（C） detergents and fertilizers（D）plankton which cover bathers with itchy slime35 It may be inferred that the Mediterranean is_.（A）landlocked by the nine-mile-wide Strait of Gibraltar（B） four times as polluted by oil as the north Atlantic（C） a victi
47、m of tourism, sewage and industry（D）the worst polluted area in the world36 Zimbabweans cope with the shortage of the dollars that count in various ways. The government grabs them from other people. On February 9th, it told the countrys banks to start selling all their hard- currency inflows to the c
48、entral bank and the state petrol-importing monopoly, at the official rate. It said that Zimbabwean embassies abroad face power cuts because they cannot pay their bills. But if staff in Moscow felt chilly, the grab did not warm them. Exporters told their customers to delay payments.Hard-currency infl
49、ows fell by some 90%, forcing the government to relent.Business folk were relieved. The economy is so stormy that many exporters stay afloat only by selling American dollars on the black market. Others try to keep their foreign earnings offshore. This is not easy, since most sell tobacco, gold, roses and other goods that can be observed and recorded as they leave the country. But some quietly set up overseas subsidi
