1、2008 年 3 月中国科学院考博英语真题试卷（无答案）一、Structure and Vocabulary1 In a materialistic and_society peoples interest seems to be focused solely on monetary pursuit.（A）adaptive（B） addictive（C） acquisitive（D）arrogant2 Even if I won a million-dollar lottery, I would continue to live_.（A）subtly（B） frugally（C） explic
2、itly（D）cautiously3 Doctors must inform_parents about the low odds of success in fertility treatments.（A）protective（B） respective（C） prospective（D）perspective4 Moshe Katzma, 24, denied any_with the beating given to the homeless man, who was found outside a National Headquarters office.（A）involvement（
3、B） admission（C） isolation（D）access5 There are an estimated eight million people currently thought to be eligible to _income tax.（A）reclaim（B） recover（C） restore（D）return6 As the sky lightened even more, they began to _ their surroundings more clearly.（A）fall out（B） fall into（C） make up（D）make out7 C
4、hinas_cultural heritage should be better protected through increased efforts to preserve endangered art.（A）inalienable（B） intangible（C） intelligible（D）indivisible8 The matter is_ settled; we may look upon it as being settled.（A）as long as（B） for good（C） for sure（D）as good as9 An announcement of furt
5、her cuts in government expenditure is_.（A）imminent（B） eminent（C） illiterate（D）emergent10 The_in our soaps should come only from essential oils, which are steamed or pressed from plants.（A）scents（B） scenarios（C） scenes（D）scales11 A_of this approach is that the variables are visually presented in a st
6、yle that can be understood by generalists and specialists alike.（A）value（B） merit（C） factor（D）worth12 Desperation, hunger, thirst, and resentment all make it more likely that people will_a more powerful figure who promises them help and/or salvation.（A）be prone to（B） give in to（C） live up to（D）put a
7、n end to13 The sentence given to the criminal was much too_; murder should carry the maximum penalty.（A）negligent（B） solitary（C） lenient（D）tedious14 Though it was less attractive, Ralph knew the metal box would be more_ than the wooden box.（A）terminal（B） durable（C） persistent（D）bearable15 In China,
8、although people in many regions earn much less than those in prosperous regions, they also pay much less for_commodities, such as housing.（A）disposable（B） redundant（C） equivalent（D）interchangeable16 This leads record companies to treat musicians as contracted artists who are not paid a fixed sum for
9、 their labor-time, but instead receive royalties in_ to their success.（A）addition（B） relation（C） percentage（D）proportion17 Terrorists will go to any length to _their evil ends, and pay no attention to the basic living rights of other peace-loving people.（A）reach（B） gain（C） achieve（D）succeed18 Austra
10、lia continued the fight to end Japans annual whale hunts, warning that its plan to kill humpback whales in Antarctica could_outrage.（A）spark（B） lead（C） result（D）involve19 At the moment every culture in Britain has a similar philosophy as far as size _; if you want to look good and be desirable, youv
11、e got to be thin.（A）shows（B） states（C） says（D）goes20 Women who entered voluntary work during the inter-war years did so largely because it provided them with_from household routine.（A）distortion（B） diversion（C） dissipate（D）discount二、Cloze20 There are so many new books about dying that there are now
12、special shelves set aside for them in bookshops, along with the health-diet and home-repair paperbacks. Some of them are so【C1 】_with detailed information and step-by-step instructions for performing the function, that youd think this was a new sort of【C2】_which all of us are now required to learn.
13、The strongest impression the casual reader gets is that proper dying has become an extraordinary, 【C3】_an exotic experience, something only the specially trained can do.【C4 】_, you could be led to believe that we are the only【C5】_capable of being aware of death, and that when the rest of nature is e
14、xperiencing the life cycle and dying, one generation after【C6】_, it is a different kind of process, done automatically and trivially, or more “natural“, as we say.An elm in our backyard【C7】_the blight (枯萎病) this summer and dropped stone dead, leafless, almost overnight. One weekend【C8】_was a normal-
15、looking elm, maybe a little bare in spots but【C9】_alarming, and the next weekend it was gone, passed over, departed, taken. Taken is right, for the tree surgeon came by yesterday with his【C10】_of young helpers and their cherry picker, and took it down branch by branch and carted it off in the back o
16、f a red truck, everyone【C11】_.The dying【 C12】_a field mouse, at the jaws of an amiable household cat, is a spectacle I have beheld many times. It【C13】_to make me wince. However, early in life I gave up throwing sticks【C14】_the cat to make him drop the mouse, 【C15 】_the dropped mouse regularly went a
17、head and died anyway.21 【C1 】（A）contained（B） embraced（C） packed（D）littered22 【C2 】（A）ability（B） skill（C） quality（D）technology23 【C3 】（A）and（B） even（C） yet（D）but24 【C4 】（A）Furthermore（B） However（C） Even so（D）Since then25 【C5 】（A）races（B） creatures（C） people（D）human26 【C6 】（A）the other（B） another（C） t
18、he next（D）the following27 【C7 】（A）caught（B） held（C） took（D）picked28 【C8 】（A）that（B） which（C） it（D）this29 【C9 】（A）something（B） anything（C） nothing（D）everything30 【C10 】（A）crew（B） members（C） corps（D）fellows31 【C11 】（A）sings（B） sang（C） sung（D）singing32 【C12 】（A）to（B） in（C） for（D）of33 【C13 】（A）was（B） wa
19、s used（C） used（D）was about34 【C14 】（A）into（B） on（C） at（D）off35 【C15 】（A）but（B） because（C） while（D）in order that三、Reading Comprehension35 Writing about music is like dancing about architecture, or so the saying goes. Sometimes attributed to Frank Zappa, other times to Elvis Costello, this quote is us
20、ually intended to convey the futility of such an endeavor, if not the complete silliness of even attempting it. But Glenn Kurtzs graceful memoir, Practicing: A Musicians Return to Music, turns the expression on its head, giving it a different meaning by creating a lovely, unique book.Kurtz picked up
21、 the guitar as a kid in a music-loving family, attended the Long Island music school, and went on to play on Merv Griffins TV show before graduating from Tufts University. Motivating the young Kurtz was the dream of reinventing classical guitar, as if by his great ambition alone he could push it fro
22、m the margins of popular interest to center stagesomething not even accomplished by the late Spanish guitarist Andres Segovia, perhaps the only artist of the form ever to reach anything resembling widespread celebrity.This book reads like a love story of sorts: Boy meets guitar. Boy loves guitar. Gu
23、itar breaks boys heart or, more precisely, the ordinariness of a working musicians life does so. “Id just imagined the artists life naively, childishly, with too much longing, too much poetry and innocence and purity,“ Kurtz writes. “The guitar had been the instrument of my dreams. Now the dream was
24、 over. “Boy leaves guitar. Were the story to end here, this book would be a tragedy, but after nearly a decade the boy returns to guitar, and although he has lost the enthusiasm he had in his youth, he finds his love of the guitar again in a way he never could have appreciated before.Although Kurtz
25、is writing about a unique musical path, his journey speaks eloquently to the heart of anyone who has ever desperately yearned to achieve something and felt the sting of disappointment. “Everyone who gives up a serious childhood dreamof becoming an artist, a doctor, an engineer, an athletelives the r
26、est of their life with a sense of loss, with nagging what ifs,“ he writes. “Is that time and effort, that talent and ambition, truly wasted?“36 The quotation mentioned in Paragraph 1 implies that writing about music is_.（A）an ambitious attempt（B） a modern form of art（C） an impossible task（D）a reward
27、ing experience37 As a young man Glenn Kurtz wanted to_.（A）surpass Andres Segovias achievement（B） transform classical guitar（C） become a TV music star（D）live on arts38 What does the passage say about classical guitar?（A）It is not popular with the public.（B） It is not an easy skill to master.（C） It is
28、 a favorite of many young people.（D）It is a craze in some countries like Spain.39 According to the passage, Andres Segovia_.（A）helped Glenn Kurtz to become a good guitarist（B） made classical guitar become a popular form（C） was a well-known classical guitarist（D）was Glenn Kurtzs role model40 Paragrap
29、h 3 suggests that what “the ordinariness of a working musicians life“ does to the boy is_.（A）keeping him in great excitement（B） bringing him great disappointment（C） helping him create great music（D）telling him a great musicians duty41 The book Practicing; A Musicians Return to Music mainly tells tha
30、t_.（A）one will be made bitter by his frustration（B） reliving old dreams can be rewarding（C） without dreams life is incomplete（D）its inevitable for a musician to experience setbacks41 As with any work of art, the merit of Chapman Kelleys “Wildflower Works I “ was in the eye of the beholder.Kelley, wh
31、o normally works with paint and canvas, considered the twin oval gardens planted in 1984 at Daley Bicentennial Park his most important piece.The Chicago Park District considered it a patch of raggedy vegetation on public property that could be dug up and replanted at will like the flower boxes along
32、 Michigan Avenue. And thats what happened in June 2004, when the district decided to create a more orderly vista for pedestrians crossing from Millennium Park via the new Frank Gehry footbridge.If youre looking for evidence that the rubes who run the Park District dont know art when they see it, all
33、 you have to do is visit whats left of Kelleys masterpiece. The exuberant 1. 5-acre tangle of leggy wildflowers is now confined to a tidy rectangle, restrained on all sides by a knee-high hedge and surrounded by a closely cropped lawn. White hydrangeas and pink shrub roses complete the look. We dont
34、 know whos responsible for the redesign, but well bet the carpet in his home doesnt go with the furniture.Still, youd think the Park District was within its rights to plow under the prairie. Wrong. Kelley just won at lawsuit in which he argued that the garden was public and therefore protected by th
35、e federal Visual Artists Rights Act. Under that law, the district should have given him 90 days notice that it intended to mess with his artwork instead of rushing headlong into the demolition, a la Meigs Field. That way Kelley could have mounted a legal challenge, or at least removed the plants.Par
36、k District officials said they never considered the garden a work of art, even though it was installed by an established artist and not, say, Joes sod and landscaping. We can understand their confusion. Just recently, we figured out that the caged greenery directly south of Pritzker Pavilion is supp
37、osed to be an architectural statement and not a Christmas tree lot.All thats left is for the district to compensate Kelley for his loss. Whatever price the parties settle on, lets hope the agreement also provides for the removal of the rest of “Wildflower Works I. “ If it washt an eyesore beforeand
38、plenty of people thought it was.it sure is now.42 It is implied in the first Paragraph that the public_.（A）paid little attention to “Wildflower Works I “（B） appreciated the value of “Wildflower Works I “（C） tolerated the ugliness of “Wildflower Works I “（D）had their own views on “Wildflower Works I
39、“43 The boldfaced word “rubes“ in Paragraph 4 most likely means_.（A）experts（B） laymen（C） fools（D）artists44 According to the passage, the one who redesigned the Park must_.（A）know Kellys work well（B） have a terrible taste in art（C） like conventional layouts（D）always put the publics need first45 Which
40、 of the following was NOT true about “Wildflower Works I “?（A）It was designed by the famous artist Chapman Kelley.（B） There are two oval gardens at Daley Bicentennial Park.（C） The public voted for demolishing the gardens.（D）The Chicago Park District did not deem it a piece of art.46 Why did Kelly wi
41、n the lawsuit?（A）Kelly had a very capable lawyer.（B） The Park District had no right to demolish it.（C） The Park District should take the publics opinion first.（D）The Park District should have informed Kelly of the demolition.47 Whats the authors attitude towards the present “Wildflower Works I “?（A）
42、He takes a neutral position.（B） He believes in the long arm of the law.（C） He regards it a masterpiece of public art.（D）He is in favor of demolishing the ugly garden.47 A few years ago, in their search for ways to sell more goods, advertising men hit on a new and controversial gimmick. It is a silen
43、t, invisible commercial that, the ad men claim, can be rushed past the consumers conscious mind and planted in his subconsciousand without the consumers knowledge.Developed by James Vicary, a research man who studies what makes people buy, this technique relies on the psychological principle of subl
44、iminal perception. Scientists tell us that many of the sights coming to our eyes are not consciously “seen. “ We select only a few for conscious “seeing“ and ignore the rest. Actually the discarded impressions are recorded in the brain though they are below the threshold of consciousness.Theres litt
45、le doubt in Vicarys mind as to the subliminal ads effectiveness. His proof can be summed up in just two words; sales increase.In an unidentified movie house not so long ago, unknown audiences saw a curious film program. At the same time, on the same screen on which the film hero was courting the her
46、oine a subliminal projector was flashing its invisible commercials.“Get popcorn,“ ordered the commercial for a reported one three-thousandths of a second every five seconds. It announced “Coca-Cola“ at the same speed and frequency to other audiences. At the end of a six weeks trial, popcorn sales ha
47、d gone up 57 percent, Coke sales 18 percent.Experimental Films Inc, says the technique is not new. It began research on subliminal perception in 1954. Experimental Films stresses that its equipment was designed for helping problematic students and treating the mentally ill. At NYU two doctors showed
48、 twenty women the projected image of an expressionless face. They told the subjects to watch the face for some change of expression. Then they flashed the word angry on the screen at subliminal speeds. Now the women thought the face looked unpleasant. When the word happy was flashed on the screen in
49、stead, the subjects thought the womans facial expression looked much more pleasant.Subliminal techniques, its promoters believe, are good for more than selling popcorn. Perhaps the process can even be used to sell political candidates, by leaving a favorable impression of the candidate in the minds of the electorates sublimina
