1、浙江专升本（英语）模拟试卷 3 及答案与解析0 Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate(专注), we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or
2、 the visual span. The length of time of which the eyes stop the duration of the fixation varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting
3、and tiredness.Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more word
4、s at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the s
5、hape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the abili
6、ty to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous tex
7、t.1 The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except_.（A）ones familiarity with the text（B） ones purpose in reading（C） the length of a group of words（D）lighting and tiredness2 The author may believe that reading_.（A）requires a reader to take in more words at each fixatio
8、n（B） requires a reader to see words more quickly（C） demands an deeply-participating mind（D）demands more mind than eyes3 What does the author mean by saying “but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. “ in the
9、 second paragraph?（A）The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.（B） The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words.（C） The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve an efficient reading（D）The reading exer
10、cises mentioned has done a great job to improve ones ability to see words.4 Which of the following is NOT true?（A）The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.（B） Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.（C） The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleadi
11、ng.（D）The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.5 The tune of the author in writing this article is_.（A）critical（B） neutral（C） pessimistic（D）optimistic5 Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesnt it? If you think so, youre not alone, because energy independence has b
12、een the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.“Energy independence“ and its rhetorical(修辞的)companion “energy security“ are, however, slippery concepts
13、 that are rarely though through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there
14、is a trickle(涓涓细流 )of biofuel(生物燃料)available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they dont really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over
15、their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, t
16、here are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you dont read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petrol
17、eum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, At the same time, we derive, ma
18、ssive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.6 What does the author say about energy independence for America?（A）It sounds very attractive.（B） It ensures national security.（C） It will bring oil prices down.（D）I
19、t has long been everyones dream.7 What does the author think of biofuels?（A）They keep Americas economy running healthily.（B） They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.（C） They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.（D）They cause serious damage to the environment.8 Why does America rely he
20、avily on oil imports?（A）It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.（B） Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.（C） It wants to keep its own environment intact.（D）Its own oil production falls short of demand.9 What does the author say about oil trade?（A）It proves profitable to both sides.（B） It
21、 improves economic efficiency.（C） It makes for economic prosperity.（D）It saves the cost of oil exploration.10 What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?（A）To justify Americas dependence on oil imports.（B） To arouse Americans awareness of the energy crisis.（C） To stress the importance of ene
22、rgy conservation.（D）To explain the increase of international oil trade.10 Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have
23、 more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third
24、 of a typical households waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, i
25、t gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. Howe
26、ver, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpac
27、kaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We
28、 need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.11 What does the underlined phrase “over-consumption“(Line 4, Para. 1)refer to?（A）Using too much packaging.（B） Recycling too many wastes.（C） Making more products than necessary.（D）Having more material than is nee
29、ded.12 The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show_.（A）the tendency of cutting household waste（B） the increase of packaging recycling（C） the rapid growth of supermarkets（D）the fact of packaging overuse13 According to the text, recycling_.（A）helps control the greenhouse effect（B） means burning pac
30、kaging for energy（C） is the solution to gas shortage（D）leads to a waste of land14 What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?（A）Unpackaged products are of bad quality.（B） Supermarkets care more about packaging.（C） It is improper to judge quality by packaging.（D）Other products are better packaged than foo
31、d.15 What can we learn from the last paragraph?（A）Fighting wastefulness is difficult.（B） Needless material is mostly recycled.（C） People like collecting recyclable waste.（D）The author is proud of their consumer culture.15 Rae Armantrout, who has been a poetry professor at the University of Californi
32、a San Diego(UCSD)for two decades, has won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in the poetry category for her most recent book, “Versed“.“Im delighted and amazed at how much media recognition that the Pulitzer brings, as compared to even the National Book Critics Award, which I was also surprised and delighted t
33、o win,“ said Armantrout.“ For a long time, my writing has been just below the media radar, and to have this kind of attention, suddenly, with my 10th book, is really surprising. “Armantrout, a native Californian, received her bachelors degree at UC Berkeley, where she studied with noted poet Denise
34、Levertov, and her masters in creative writing from San Francisco State University. She is a founding member of Language Poets, a group in American poetry that analyzes the way language is used and raises questions to make the reader think.In March, she won the National Book Critics Circle Award for
35、“Versed“.“ This book has gotten more attention,“ Armantrout said, “ but I dont feel as if its better. “The first half of “Versed“ focuses on the dark forces taking hold of the United States as it fought the war against Iraq. The second half looks at the dark forces casting a shadow over her own life
36、 after Armantrout was diagnosed with cancer in 2006.Armantrout was shocked to learn she had won the Pulitzer, but many of her colleagues were not. “Rae Armantrout is a unique voice in American poetry,“ said Seth Lerer, head of Arts and Humanities at UCSD.“Versed“ , published by the Wesley an Univers
37、ity Press, did appear in a larger printing than her earlier works, which is about 2,700 copies. The new edition is scheduled to appear in May.16 According to Rae Armantrout, _.（A）her 10th book is much better（B） her winning the Pulitzer is unexpected（C） the media is surprised at her works（D）she likes
38、 being recognized by her readers17 Which of the following is true of Rae Armantrout?（A）She published a poetry textbook.（B） She used to teach Denise Levertov.（C） She started a poets group with others.（D）She taught creative writing at UC Berkeley.18 What can we learn about “Versed“?（A）It consists of t
39、hree parts.（B） It is mainly about the American army.（C） It is a book published two decades ago.（D）It partly concerns the poets own life.19 Rae Armantrouts colleagues think that she_.（A）should write more（B） has a sweet voice（C） deserves the prize（D）is a strange professor20 What can we learn from the
40、text?（A）About 2,700 copies of “Versed“ will be printed.（B） Cancer made Armantrout stop writing.（C） Armantrout got her degrees at UCSD.（D）Versed has been awarded twice.20 Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions(使命)often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often use
41、d to finish the days work. This type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station(ISS). ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as
42、possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, internet phone and through private video conferences.While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities th
43、at they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading materials for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also rec
44、eives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. And as from early 2010, the internet became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some “ web surfing(冲浪)“ in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy
45、 the experience of living in space.Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earths vast land mass and oceans.21 How did the author describe the tight schedule for astronauts on shorter shuttle mission?22 Why d
46、o the astronauts in the space shuttle work five days and take two days off?23 When was internet available on the International Space Station?24 What is one of the most relaxing things to do in space, according to many astronauts?25 The passage mainly discusses how astronauts_25 Everyone knows that t
47、he Frenchmen are romantic, the Italians are fashionable and the Germans are serious. Are these just stereotypes or is there really such a thing as national character? And if there is, can it affect how a nation succeed or fail?At least one group of people is certain that it can. A recent survey of t
48、he top 500 entrepreneurs(企业家)in the UK found that 70% felt that their efforts were not appreciated by the British public. Britain is hostile(敌意的 )to success, they said. It has a culture of jealousy(嫉妒).【R1】_Jealousy is sometimes known as the “green-eyed monster“ and the UK is its home.Scientists at
49、Warwich University in the UK recently tested this idea. They gathered a group of people together and gave each an imaginary amount of money.【R2】_Those given a little were given the chance to destroy the large amount of money given to others - but at the cost of losing their own. Two thirds of the people tested agreed to do this.【R3 】_But there is also opposite evidence. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development recently reported that the UK is now the worlds fourth largest economy
