[自考类试卷]自考英语(二)模拟试卷18及答案与解析.doc
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1、自考英语(二)模拟试卷 18 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Most Adults in U. S. Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk
2、that exceeds 20 percent.“ I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease(冠心病)is distributed in the US population. “ lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlant
3、a, said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13, 769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a
4、 risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity(种族)had little effect on risk distributions.Al
5、though the report suggests that most adults have a low 10 year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editor
6、ial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add.1 The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given2 Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10 year risk of heart disease
7、.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given3 The research findings will be quite helpful to physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given4 More than 100 thousand people participated in the survey.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given5 86% of the subjects of the survey participated in the Third Nation
8、al Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given6 Three percent of children run a risk above 20 percent of developing heart disease.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given7 There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given8 The distributions of the
9、risk of heart disease are closely related to race.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given9 Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given10 The U. S. government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given二、阅读选择10 TelecommutingTelecommuti
10、ngsubstituting the computer for the trip to the jobhas been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers
11、 on board, minimizes tardiness and absenteeism by eliminating commuters(经常乘火车往返者), allows periods of solitude(独处)for high-concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start
12、 telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour congestion and improve air quality.But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images. Many workers are se
13、duced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to ca
14、re for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modem connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young chil
15、d at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.Management too must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has p
16、aid a great deal of attention to telecommuting in most cases it is the employee s situation, not the availability of technology that precipitates(加速的来临)a telecommuting arrangement.That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy
17、guidelines remains small.11 What is the main subject of the passage?(A)Business management policies.(B) Driving to work.(C) Extending the workplace by means of computers.(D)Computers for child-care purposes.12 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for office employees?(A)Being restric
18、ted to the office.(B) Incurring expenses for lunches and clothing.(C) Taking care of sick children.(D)Driving in heavy traffic.13 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommuting?(A)Employees lateness for work.(B) Employees absence from w
19、ork.(C) Employees need for time alone to work intensively.(D)Employees conflicts with second jobs.14 Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommuting?(A)Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.(B) Computer technology is not advanced
20、enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.(C) Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.(D)The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.15 Which of the following is an example of telecommuting as described in the passage?(A)A scientist in a laboratory developing plans
21、 for a space station.(B) A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home.(C) A computer technician repairing an office computer network.(D)A teacher directing computer-assisted learning, in a private school.三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 Geology and Health(1)The importance of particular metals in
22、 the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of io
23、dine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.(2)The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks, which weather into soil, gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require for growth. The wate
24、r we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environments have effects on the chemistry and health of plants, animals and people.(3)So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazar
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