1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 19 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Studies Show U. S. Spending Doesn t Get Best HealthThe United States may spend twice as much on health care as other rich countries but it is not getting results to match, according to studies released on Tuesday.But in the study of five wealthy countries, published in t
2、he journal Health Affairs, researchers found no single nation had clearly the worst or best health care system.Gerard Anderson at Johns Hopkins University s school of public health and colleagues came up with a list of 21 health fields they could evenly compare across the five countriesAustralia, Ca
3、nada, Britain, New Zealand and the United States.“None of the five countries is consistently the best or the worst on all 21 indicators, “ Anderson said during a telephone briefing for reporters.“If you are looking for the place to get the best care, there isn t a single place. Every country has at
4、least one indicator where it scores the best of the five countries and each country has at least one indicator where it scores the worst of the five countries. “But, he said, the United States is not getting value for money. “The United States should be particularly concerned about these results, gi
5、ven that we spend twice as much on health care as any other country. So spending more doesn t necessarily result in better outcomes. “Andersons group of international health experts sponsored by the Commonwealth Fund spent five years working on the study, getting the latest possible data from the fi
6、ve countries on areas such as breast cancer and leukemia(白血病)survival, suicide rates, death rates from asthma(哮喘), vaccination(预防接种)rates and cancer screening.1 The U.S. spends twice as much on health care as other rich countries.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given2 The U. S. is the place where people get the bes
7、t health care.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given3 The five countries are Australia, Canada, Britain, New Zealand and the United States.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given4 Each year, the U. S. spends more money on health care than the previous one.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given5 According to Anderson, there is no single country where
8、you can get the best care.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given6 The more a country spends on health care, the better care its people enjoy.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given7 The study involved 5 countries and lasted 5 years.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given8 The other four countries provide better health care than the U. S.（A）真（B）假（C） No
9、t Given9 The U. S. is determined to do something about its health care system.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given10 Suicide rates are on the rise in the U. S. driven mostly by middle-aged white women.（A）真（B）假（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 The Origin of RefrigeratorsBy the mid-nineteenth century, the term “icebox“ had ente
10、red the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. Afte
11、r the Civil War(1861 - 1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible bec
12、ause a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented.Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was ru
13、dimentary. The common sense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing
14、its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside
15、the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still f
16、resh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, more explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their product cool.11 This passage is mainly about_.（A）the importance of the icebox in the mid-nineteenth century（B） the developme
17、nt and improvement of the icebox（C） how to make an efficient icebox（D）an important invention of a Maryland farmer12 In paragraph 1 , the word “forward-looking“ probably means_.（A）greedy（B） generous（C） longing for greater profit（D）having modern ideas13 It can be inferred from the passage that after 1
18、880_.（A）ice began to be widely used in hospitals and hotels（B） ice began to affect the diet of common citizens in America（C） many American families had the icebox（D）one third of the ice sold in America went to families for their own use14 In the early 19th century, most people believed that_.（A）it w
19、as the melting of the ice that performed the cooling（B） the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting（C） to wrap the ice in blankets would keep the ice from doing its job（D）they lacked knowledge of the physics of heat15 Customers would like to buy Thomas Moore s butter because_.（A）his
20、butter was fresh and hard（B） his butter was transported to market at night（C） his butter was rapidly melting（D）the price of his butter was lower三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 Estee Lauder Died(1)The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics(化妆品)empire and became one of the most in
21、fluential women in US, has died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokesman said. She was 97.(2)Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father.(3)Lauder began her business career by selling skincare p
22、roducts developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons(美容院 )and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War II.(4)In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume(香水), Youth Dew, the fi
23、rst of a range of fragrances that has now grown to more than 70. They include: Aramis, a line of products for men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odorless(无嗅的)cosmetics, which followed in 1968.(5)By the time she retired in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise,
24、 which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine s selection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success; her gift for selling things and her tireless ene
25、rgy and determination never to accept second best.(6)Even after her retirement at the age of 89, Lauder remained closely involved. Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life.(7)She wrote in her 1985 autobiography, “Estee, a Success Story“ :“In a perfect world, we d all be judged o
26、n the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a distinct advantage and, usually, the last word. “A. Early CareerB. ChildhoodC. ProductsD. Retirement with SuccessE. Death of Cosmetic EmpressF. Birth16 Paragraph(1):17 Paragraph(2):18 Paragraph(3):19 P
27、aragraph(4):20 Paragraph(5):20 A. at the age of 97B. featured in Time magazine s selection in 1998C. by selling skincare productsD. in cosmeticsE. introduces its first perfumeF. an international cosmetics empire21 Lauder was a creator of_.22 Lauder s early career started_.23 In 1953 , the company_.2
28、4 She was the only woman_.25 After retirement, she continued to show her interest_.四、填句补文25 HuaweiThe Chinese Technology GiantHuawei is a multinational company that makes telecommunications parts for mobile phones, network equipment and other high-tech devices.【T1】_Huawei has its headquarters in She
29、nzhen, which became China s first special economic zone in 1979.The Chinese technology company, which was founded about 20 years ago, has over 100, 000 workers in all parts of the world, more than Microsoft【T2 】_Huawei started out in the rural areas in China. In those days most of the telecom contra
30、cts went to state-owned Chinese or foreign firms. As the company grew, it took hold of urban markets in big Chinese cities and in 1997 it expanded to other countries.Today, Huawei is the second biggest manufacturer of telecom equipment, after Ericsson. In 2011 , annual sales is expected to be about
31、$12 billion dollars and likely to get three times as high within the next ten years.Working for Huawei is something many young Chinese engineers and IT workers dream of. The 1.5 square kms site has modern apartments that can be rented, its own hospital, restaurants and bars.【T3】_For Chinese standard
32、s workers are well-paid.Although Huawei has been concentrating on making telecom parts and whole networks, the company is also looking into other industries in an attempt to diversify and grow. At Shenzhen engineers are experimenting on new forms of video conferencing, a branch that is expanding rap
33、idly. 【T4】_Even though Huawei is one of the world leaders in producing mobile phone parts it is also pushing into the consumer market with its own brand of computers, tablets and smart phones.So far Huawei has failed to reach the American market.【T5】_The American government thinks it has connections
34、 with the Chinese military and is afraid it will spy on the American public.A. Most of the company is owned by its employees.B. It is the second largest such company in the world.C. In there, employees can go to in their free time.D. International equipment manufacturers have for years keenly awaite
35、d Chinese approval for 3G.E. It s all because of security reasons.F. The Chinese hi-tech giant is also starting to produce cloud-based hardware and computers that work out of the box.26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Stanford University Stanford University is sometimes called “the Harvard
36、of the West“. The students are enrolled mainly from the【B1】_United States. But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain【B2 】_Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen pe
37、rcent of their high school classes. Not only because of the high caliber(素质)of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate, Stanford has【B3】_some of the world s most respected scholars. The university staff has included many Nobel Prize【B4】_in various fields. Stanford s under
38、graduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business, law, and medicine are especially well-regarded. 【B5 】_, the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. Plays, concerts, and operas are performed in the university s several auditoriums and in its outdo
39、or theater, where graduations are also held. Guest lecturers from public and academic universities frequently appear【B6】_campus. For the sports-minded, the Stanford campus【B7 】_highly developed athletic facilities. Team sports, swimming, and track and field activity are all very much part of the Sta
40、nford picture. So are bicycling and jogging. In addition to financial【B8】_from alumni(校友), Stanford receives grants from the government and from private charities. In recent years, government【B9】_have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education, and atomic energy.
41、At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program,【B10 】_in part by the Ford Foundations. Recently added to the campus are a new physics building, new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union and undergraduate library. 31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】
42、36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 TelevisionTelevision is an【C1】_(attract)medium for【C2】_(advertise)because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that【C3】_(near)three out of four Americans have seen the game show “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?“ you can underst
43、and the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress【C4】_(consume)with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an【C5】_(expense)medium, and not all a
44、dvertisers can afford to use it.Television s【C6】_(influent)on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an【C7】_(increase)narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is se
45、en by those【C8】_ (interest)in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are【C9】_(small)and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的 )than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an incr
46、ease in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are【C10】_(exposure). Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite program
47、mers.41 【C1 】42 【C2 】43 【C3 】44 【C4 】45 【C5 】46 【C6 】47 【C7 】48 【C8 】49 【C9 】50 【C10 】七、短文写作51 下列的线状图表显示了从 1990 年至 1999 年四个欧洲国家车辆被盗的情况。请分析报道其相关主要数据特征，有必要时可能需要比较数据间的区别，总结图表的信息，以 Comparison of Car Theft 为题，写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。自考英语（二）模拟试卷 19 答案与解析一、阅读判断1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 利用题干句中的关键词 US，twice as much 和 as oth
48、er countries 作为线索，在文中进行搜索，可以从第一段和第六段找出依据句，从而判断题干句的信息是对的。2 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 利用题干句中的关键词 US，best health care 作为线索，在文中进行搜索，从第二段发现相关句“researchers found no single nation had clearly the worst or best health care system”据此可判断，选项 B 是正确的。3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 利用题干句中的五个国家作关键词线索，在文中进行搜索，可以从第三段找出依据句“the five countries
49、-Australia，Canada，Britain，New Zealand and the United States”从而判断题干句的信息是对的。4 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 利用题干句中的关键词 each year，more money 和 previous 作为线索，在文中进行搜索，找不到相关句，判断原文的信息与题干句的内容无关。5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 利用题干句中的 best care 作关键词线索，在文中进行搜索，可以从第五段找出依据句“If you are looking for the place to get the best care，there isnt a single place”从而判断题干句的信息是对的。6 【正确答案】 B【
