[自考类试卷]自考英语(二)模拟试卷19及答案与解析.doc
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1、自考英语(二)模拟试卷 19 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Studies Show U. S. Spending Doesn t Get Best HealthThe United States may spend twice as much on health care as other rich countries but it is not getting results to match, according to studies released on Tuesday.But in the study of five wealthy countries, published in t
2、he journal Health Affairs, researchers found no single nation had clearly the worst or best health care system.Gerard Anderson at Johns Hopkins University s school of public health and colleagues came up with a list of 21 health fields they could evenly compare across the five countriesAustralia, Ca
3、nada, Britain, New Zealand and the United States.“None of the five countries is consistently the best or the worst on all 21 indicators, “ Anderson said during a telephone briefing for reporters.“If you are looking for the place to get the best care, there isn t a single place. Every country has at
4、least one indicator where it scores the best of the five countries and each country has at least one indicator where it scores the worst of the five countries. “But, he said, the United States is not getting value for money. “The United States should be particularly concerned about these results, gi
5、ven that we spend twice as much on health care as any other country. So spending more doesn t necessarily result in better outcomes. “Andersons group of international health experts sponsored by the Commonwealth Fund spent five years working on the study, getting the latest possible data from the fi
6、ve countries on areas such as breast cancer and leukemia(白血病)survival, suicide rates, death rates from asthma(哮喘), vaccination(预防接种)rates and cancer screening.1 The U.S. spends twice as much on health care as other rich countries.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given2 The U. S. is the place where people get the bes
7、t health care.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given3 The five countries are Australia, Canada, Britain, New Zealand and the United States.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given4 Each year, the U. S. spends more money on health care than the previous one.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given5 According to Anderson, there is no single country where
8、you can get the best care.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given6 The more a country spends on health care, the better care its people enjoy.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given7 The study involved 5 countries and lasted 5 years.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given8 The other four countries provide better health care than the U. S.(A)真(B)假(C) No
9、t Given9 The U. S. is determined to do something about its health care system.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given10 Suicide rates are on the rise in the U. S. driven mostly by middle-aged white women.(A)真(B)假(C) Not Given二、阅读选择10 The Origin of RefrigeratorsBy the mid-nineteenth century, the term “icebox“ had ente
10、red the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. Afte
11、r the Civil War(1861 - 1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible bec
12、ause a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented.Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was ru
13、dimentary. The common sense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing
14、its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside
15、the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still f
16、resh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, more explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their product cool.11 This passage is mainly about_.(A)the importance of the icebox in the mid-nineteenth century(B) the developme
17、nt and improvement of the icebox(C) how to make an efficient icebox(D)an important invention of a Maryland farmer12 In paragraph 1 , the word “forward-looking“ probably means_.(A)greedy(B) generous(C) longing for greater profit(D)having modern ideas13 It can be inferred from the passage that after 1
18、880_.(A)ice began to be widely used in hospitals and hotels(B) ice began to affect the diet of common citizens in America(C) many American families had the icebox(D)one third of the ice sold in America went to families for their own use14 In the early 19th century, most people believed that_.(A)it w
19、as the melting of the ice that performed the cooling(B) the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting(C) to wrap the ice in blankets would keep the ice from doing its job(D)they lacked knowledge of the physics of heat15 Customers would like to buy Thomas Moore s butter because_.(A)his
20、butter was fresh and hard(B) his butter was transported to market at night(C) his butter was rapidly melting(D)the price of his butter was lower三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 Estee Lauder Died(1)The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics(化妆品)empire and became one of the most in
21、fluential women in US, has died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokesman said. She was 97.(2)Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father.(3)Lauder began her business career by selling skincare p
22、roducts developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons(美容院 )and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War II.(4)In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume(香水), Youth Dew, the fi
23、rst of a range of fragrances that has now grown to more than 70. They include: Aramis, a line of products for men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odorless(无嗅的)cosmetics, which followed in 1968.(5)By the time she retired in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise,
24、 which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine s selection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success; her gift for selling things and her tireless ene
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