NFPA 10H-2010 Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers Handbook.pdf

1、NFPA10Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers Handbook 201010NFPA,1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, USAAn International Codes and Standards OrganizationNFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471An International Codes and Standards OrganizationNFPA10Standard for PortableFire Extingui

2、shers Annotated by Barry ChaseHandbook 2010 Copyright 2013National Fire Protection AssociationOne Batterymarch Park Quincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471 All rights reserved. About this Handbook EditionThis PDF contains the complete 2010 edition of NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, annot

3、ated to assist the readers understanding of the standards language and the intent behind it. The annotations are not part of the NFPA Standard but provide a valuable commentary re-flecting the views, explanations, and insights of authors and contributors selected by the NFPA based on their knowledge

4、 of and experience with the standard.How to Navigate Between the Text of the Standard and the AnnotationsNavigate between code or standard text and annotations by using hyperlinked icons and code numbers.While in code or standard text, click on hyperlinked icon* to the left of the standard sec-tion

5、to navigate to corresponding annotations. Click on the hyperlinked annotative standard section number 1.1 to return to previous standard section.*Please note, only the sections featuring icons contain annotations.For longer blocks of annotations, it is recommended that you enable the back arrow func

6、tional-ity in Acrobats page navigation menu, which will also allow you to return to the previous stan-dard section.How to Ensure You Have the Most Up-to-date Version of the NFPA StandardThe NFPA Standard, in the edition contained herein, is current as of the effective date des-ignated at the time th

7、e standard was issued 2010. This (ANDBOOK Edition does not, however, include errata, tentative interim amendments (TIAs), or formal interpretations (FIs) that may have been issued after the effective date. For all errata, TIAs, or FIs that may have been issued since the effective date, or for any ne

8、w editions that may have superseded this edition, please visit the “Document Information pages” link for the relevant NFPA Standard located in the “Codes email: stds_adminnfpa.org.For more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING TH

9、E HANDBOOK EDITIONNotice and Disclaimer Concerning LiabilityPublication of this (ANDBOOKEdition is for the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for fire and electrical safety and related subjects. While every effort has been made to achieve a work of high quality, nei

10、ther the NFPAnor the contributors to this (ANDBOOKEdition guarantee the accuracy or completeness of or assume any liability in connec-tion with the information and opinions contained in this (ANDBOOK%dition. The NFPA and the contributors shall in no event be liable for any personal injury, property,

11、 or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this (ANDBOOK EditioNThis (ANDBOOK Edition is published with the understanding that the NFPA and the contribu-tors to

12、 this (ANDBOOK Edition are supplying information and opinion but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Docu

13、ments”), includ-ing the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition, are made available for use subject to Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning NFPA Documents, which are sepa-rately bookmarked and viewable in this (ANDBOOKEdition, and which can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/di

14、sclaimers.Notice Concerning Interpretations Contained in the AnnotationsNFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), including the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition are developed in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA by techni

15、cal committees comprised of volunteers drawn from a broad array of relevant interests. In this (ANDBOOKEdition the text of the NFPA Document is accompanied with annotations providing explanation and commentary on the meaning and intent of the Document. The annotations contained in this (ANDBOOK Edit

16、ion are not a part of the NFPA Document and do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only through requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA). The annotations, therefore, solely reflect the per

17、sonal opinions of the author or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.ISBN: 978-Copyright 2009 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved.NFPA10Standard forPortable Fire Extinguishers2010 EditionThis edition o

18、f NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, was prepared by the Tech-nical Committee on Portable Fire Extinguishers. It was issued by the Standards Council onOctober 27, 2009, with an effective date of December 5, 2009, and supersedes all previouseditions.This edition of NFPA 10 was approve

19、d as an American National Standard on December 5,2009.Origin and Development of NFPA 10In 1918 and 1919, the NFPA Committee on Field Practice (predecessor of the presentcommittee) was active in developing a standard on first aid protection. The earliest officialNFPA standard on this subject was adop

20、ted in 1921. Revised editions were adopted by theAssociation in 1926, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1936, 1938, 1942, 1945, 1950, 1953, 1955,1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1972, 1973,1974, 1975, 1978, and 1981. In 1965, the previous editions were divide

21、d into two separatetexts, one covering installation and the second covering maintenance and use. The 1974edition recombined all the information previously contained in NFPA 10 and NFPA 10A. Anew appendix was added to the 1974 edition to include information about the selection offire extinguishers fo

22、r home hazards. Information on selection and distribution of fire extin-guishers was added to the appendix of the 1978 edition. Major revisions to provide simplifi-cation and uniformity were made in the 1984 edition. The standard was revised in 1988, 1990,and 1994.In 1998,NFPA 10R, Recommended Pract

23、ice for Portable Fire Extinguishing Equipment in FamilyDwelling Units and Living Units, was withdrawn. Information on this topic was incorporated asan annex of NFPA 10.This standard was revised in 2002.The 2006 edition of this standard was a complete revision.The 2010 edition of this standard includ

24、es changes to comply with the Manual of Style forNFPA Technical Committee Documents by removing unenforceable terms. Annex material wasalso added to clarify the need for removing obsolete extinguishers.101NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Pr

25、otection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.Technical Committee on Portable Fire ExtinguishersDavid J. Burkhart, ChairCode Consultants, Inc., MO SERichard J. Fairclough, SecretaryBrooks Equipment Company, Inc., NC M(Alt. to M. T. Conroy)Dennis D. Brohmer, Tyco Fire CAN/ULC-S503,Standard for Ca

26、rbon-Dioxide Fire Extinguishers(b) Dry chemical types: ANSI/UL 299, Standard for DryChemical Fire Extinguishers; CAN/ULC-S504, Standardfor Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers(c) Water types: ANSI/UL 626, Standard for Water Fire Ex-tinguishers; CAN/ULC-S507, Standard for Water Fire Ex-tinguishers(d) Halo

27、n types: UL 1093, Standard for Halogenated AgentFire Extinguishers; CAN/ULC-S512, Standard for Haloge-nated Agent Hand and Wheeled Fire Extinguishers(e) Film-forming foam types: ANSI/UL 8, Water BasedAgent Fire Extinguishers; CAN/ULC-S554, Standard forWater Based Agent Fire Extinguishers(f) Halocarb

28、on types: ANSI/UL 2129, Standard for Halo-carbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers; CAN/ULC-S566,Standard for Halocarbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers4.1.2* The identification of the listing and labeling organiza-tion, the fire test standard, and the performance standard thatthe fire extinguisher meet

29、s or exceeds shall be clearly markedon each fire extinguisher.4.1.2.1 Fire extinguishers manufactured prior to January 1,1986, shall not be required to comply with 4.1.2.4.1.3* An organization listing fire extinguishers used to com-ply with the requirements of this standard shall utilize a third-par

30、ty certification program for portable fire extinguishers thatmeets or exceeds UL 1803, Standard for Factory Follow-Up onThird Party Certified Portable Fire Extinguishers.4.1.3.1 Fire extinguishers manufactured prior to January 1,1989, shall not be required to comply with 4.1.3.4.1.3.2 Certification

31、organizations accredited by the StandardsCouncil of Canada shall not be required to comply with 4.1.3.4.1.4 Electrical Conductivity. Extinguishers listed for theClass C rating shall not contain an agent that is a conductor ofelectricity.4.1.4.1 In addition to successfully meeting the requirementsof

32、ANSI/UL 711, Standard for Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Ex-tinguishers, water-based agents shall be tested in accordancewith ASTM D 5391, Standard Test for Electrical Conductivity andResistivity of a Flowing High Purity Water Sample.4.1.4.2 Fire extinguishers containing water-based agents thathave

33、 a conductivity higher than 1.00 S/cm at 25C (77F)shall be considered a conductor of electricity and thereforeshall not be rated Class C.107GENERAL REQUIREMENTS2010 Edition4.1.4.3 Subsections 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2 shall apply only to water-based extinguishers manufactured after August 15, 2002.4.2* Id

34、entification of Contents. A fire extinguisher shall havea label, tag, or stencil attached to it providing the followinginformation:(1) The contents product name as it appears on the manu-facturers Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)(2) Listing of the hazardous material identification in ac-cordance wi

35、th Hazardous Materials Identification System(HMIS), Implementational Manual in Canada, WorkplaceHazardous Materials Identification System (WHMIS) Refer-ence Manual developed by the National Paint and Coat-ings Association(3) List of any hazardous materials that are in excess of1.0 percent of the con

36、tents(4) List of each chemical in excess of 5.0 percent of the contents(5) Information as to what is hazardous about the agent inaccordance with the MSDS(6) Manufacturers or service agencys name, mailing ad-dress, and phone number4.3* Instruction Manual.4.3.1 The owner or the owners agent shall be p

37、rovided with afire extinguisher instruction manual that details condensedinstructions and cautions necessary to the installation, opera-tion, inspection, and maintenance of the fire extinguisher(s).4.3.2 The manual shall refer to this standard as a source ofdetailed instruction.4.4 Obsolete Fire Ext

38、inguishers. The following types of fireextinguishers are considered obsolete and shall be removedfrom service:(1) Soda acid(2) Chemical foam (excluding film-forming agents)(3) Vaporizing liquid (e.g., carbon tetrachloride)(4) Cartridge-operated water(5) Cartridge-operated loaded stream(6) Copper or

39、brass shell (excluding pump tanks) joined bysoft solder or rivets(7) Carbon dioxide extinguishers with metal horns(8) Solid chargetype AFFF extinguishers (paper cartridge)(9) Pressurized water fire extinguishers manufactured priorto 1971(10) Any extinguisher that needs to be inverted to operate(11)

40、Any stored pressure extinguisher manufactured prior to1955(12) Any extinguishers with 4B, 6B, 8B, 12B, and 16B fire ratings(13) Stored-pressure water extinguishers with fiberglass shells(pre-1976)4.4.1* Dry chemical stored-pressure extinguishers manufac-tured prior to October 1984 shall be removed f

41、rom service atthe next 6-year maintenance interval or the next hydrotest,whichever comes first.4.4.1.1 Subsection 4.4.1 shall not apply to wheeled-type drychemical stored-pressure fire extinguishers.4.4.2 Any fire extinguisher that can no longer be serviced inaccordance with the manufacturers mainte

42、nance manual isconsidered obsolete and shall be removed from service.Chapter 5 Selection of Portable Fire Extinguishers5.1 General Requirements. The selection of fire extinguishersfor a given situation shall be determined by the applicablerequirements of Sections 5.2 through 5.6 and the followingfac

43、tors:(1) Type of fire most likely to occur(2) Size of fire most likely to occur(3) Hazards in the area where the fire is most likely to occur(4) Energized electrical equipment in the vicinity of the fire(5) Ambient temperature conditions(6) Other factors (See Section H.2.)5.2 Classifications of Fire

44、s. Fires shall be classified in accor-dance with the guidelines specified in 5.2.1 through 5.2.5.5.2.1 Class A Fires. Class A fires are fires in ordinary combus-tible materials, such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and manyplastics.5.2.2 Class B Fires. Class B fires are fires in flammable liquids,com

45、bustible liquids, petroleum greases, tars, oils, oil-basedpaints, solvents, lacquers, alcohols, and flammable gases.5.2.3 Class C Fires. Class C fires are fires that involve ener-gized electrical equipment.5.2.4 Class D Fires. Class D fires are fires in combustible met-als, such as magnesium, titani

46、um, zirconium, sodium, lithium,and potassium.5.2.5 Class K Fires. Class K fires are fires in cooking appli-ances that involve combustible cooking media (vegetable oranimal oils and fats).5.3 Extinguisher Classification System.5.3.1 The classification of fire extinguishers shall consist of aletter th

47、at indicates the class of fire on which a fire extin-guisher has been found to be effective.5.3.1.1 Fire extinguishers classified for use on Class A or Class Bhazards shall be required to have a rating number preceding theclassification letter that indicates the relative extinguishing effec-tiveness

48、.5.3.1.2 Fire extinguishers classified for use on Class C, Class D,or Class K hazards shall not be required to have a number pre-ceding the classification letter.5.3.2 Fire extinguishers shall be selected for the class(es) ofhazards to be protected in accordance with 5.3.2.1 through5.3.2.5. (For spe

49、cific hazards, see Section 5.5.)5.3.2.1* Fire extinguishers for the protection of Class A hazardsshall be selected from types that are specifically listed and labeledfor use on Class A fires. (For halon agenttype extinguishers, see5.3.2.6.)5.3.2.2* Fire extinguishers for the protection of Class B haz-ards shall be selected from types that are specifically listed andlabeled for use on Class B fires. (For halon agenttype ext