1、NFPA1994 Standard on Protective Ensembles forFirst Responders to CBRN Terrorism Incidents 2012 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 An International Codes and Standards Organization Become a MemberSubscribeto theRegister forSeminars, Webinars, and Online CoursesVisit theNFPA Cata
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25、ation. All Rights Reserved.NFPA1994Standard onProtective Ensembles for First Responders toCBRN Terrorism Incidents2012 EditionThis edition of NFPA 1994, Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to CBRN TerrorismIncidents, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Hazardous Materials Pr
26、otective Clothingand Equipment (FAE-HAZ) and released by the Technical Correlating Committee on Fire andEmergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment (FAE-AAC). It was issued by the Stan-dards Council on December 13, 2011, with an effective date of January 2, 2012, and supersedes allprevious
27、editions.This edition of NFPA 1994 was approved as an American National Standard on January 2, 2012.Origin and Development of NFPA 1994The Technical Committee on Hazardous Materials Protective Clothing and Equipment beganwork on this document in 1998 to answer the need for personal protective equipm
28、ent (PPE) forfire and emergency services personnel operating at domestic terrorism incidents involving dual-use industrial chemicals, chemical terrorism agents, or biological terrorism agents.The committee developed this new standard, NFPA 1994, Standard on Protective Ensembles forChemical/Biologica
29、l Terrorism Incidents, to provide three levels of protective ensembles Class 1,Class 2, and Class 3 ensembles that could be selected for protection of fire and emergencyservices personnel based on what the incident risk analysis indicates is necessary protection for theintended operations.The goal o
30、f this standard is to establish personal protection requirements for ensemblesthat would be available in quantity, pristine condition, designed for single exposure use, andeasily donned and used by fire and emergency services personnel to reduce the safety risksand health risks to personnel during a
31、ssessment, extrication, rescue, triage, and treatmentoperations at or involving chemical or biological terrorism incidents.The jurisdiction of this committee does not include respiratory protection that is necessaryfor these operations; the appropriate respiratory protection needs to be addressed by
32、 theemergency responder organizations.The first (2001) edition was acted on by the NFPA membership at the Annual Meeting inAnaheim, California, on May 16, 2001.The 2007 edition was a complete revision. The title of the document was changed to ProtectiveEnsembles for First Responders to CBRN Terroris
33、m Incidents. The former requirements for Class 1 CBRNensembles, for protection from chemical, biological, and radiological terrorism agents, were in-corporated into NFPA 1991, Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensembles for Hazardous Materials Emergen-cies, 2005 edition, and are now incorporated into the
34、 base requirements for all vapor-protectiveensembles. NFPA 1994 no longer specifies a Class 1 ensemble but leaves the designation “Class 1”vacant. A new Class 4 ensemble was added to provide particulate protection for emergency re-sponders to incidents where no chemical or biological agent is identi
35、fied but a particulate threatis present (including “white powder” incidents). These changes maintain the status of NFPA 1994as the document providing CBRN protection for the “emergency first responders,” leaving thehighest level of protection to the specialized teams that will provide the back-up to
36、 the first re-sponders for incidents and exposures that require operations or technician-level response.The CBRN protection requirements were developed to apply to all emergency first re-sponders at CBRN incidents. Individual agencies (law enforcement, emergency medical,medical first receivers, fire
37、, and hazardous materials) need to define the operations for which19941NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.their personnel are trained and develop detailed purchase specifications to ensure t
38、heir ensembles best support theiroperational needs while providing CBRN protection.In the 2007 edition, the committee also included new requirements in Chapter 4 for manufacturers quality assur-ance programs and for situations in which hazards involving compliant products are believed to exist, incl
39、uding theappropriate actions in addressing these situations if there is a previously unknown threat to the users. These require-ments apply to all emergency services product standards that are the responsibility of this project. All labeling, design,performance, and testing requirements were reviewe
40、d and refined as necessary.The 2007 edition was presented to the Association membership at the 2006 Association meeting in Orlando, Floridaon June 7, 2006, and issued by the Standards Council with an effective date of August 17, 2006.The 2012 edition has been extensively revised and includes an upda
41、ted permeation resistance test method; severalnew definitions; updates to several ANSI, ISO/IEC, and ASTM standards; and editorial, numbering, and formattingchanges. The slip resistance test has been revised based on new information that was proposed during the revisionprocess related to the require
42、ments necessary for standing and testing performed. Additionally, the section on theManufacturers Quality Assurance Program has been revised, and the Puncture Resistance Test 2 and the Impact andCompression Resistance Test have been deleted from the standard.In Memoriam, 11 September 2001We pay trib
43、ute to the 343 members of FDNY who gave their lives to save civilian victims on September 11, 2001, atthe World Trade Center. They are true American heroes in death, but they were also American heroes in life. We willkeep them in our memory and in our hearts. They are the embodiment of courage, brav
44、ery, and dedication. May theyrest in peace.19942 PROTECTIVE ENSEMBLES FOR FIRST RESPONDERS TO CBRN TERRORISM INCIDENTS2012 EditionTechnical Correlating Committee on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment(FAE-AAC)Les Boord, ChairNational Institute for Occupational Safety hazard
45、ous material con-finement, containment, and mitigation; and property conservation where exposure to substances thatpresent an unusual danger to responders are present or could occur due to toxicity, chemical reactivity,decomposition, corrosiveness, or similar reactions.Additionally, this Committee s
46、hall have primary responsibility for documents on the selection, care, andmaintenance of hazardous materials protective clothing and protective equipment by fire and emergencyservices organizations and personnel.19944 PROTECTIVE ENSEMBLES FOR FIRST RESPONDERS TO CBRN TERRORISM INCIDENTS2012 EditionC
47、ontentsChapter 1 Administration 199461.1 Scope . 199461.2 Purpose 199461.3 Application 199461.4 Units 19947Chapter 2 Referenced Publications . 199472.1 General 199472.2 NFPA Publications . 199472.3 Other Publications 199472.4 References for Extracts in MandatorySections 19948Chapter 3 Definitions 199483.1 General 199483.2 NFPA Official Definitions 199483.3 General Definitions . 19948Chapter 4 Certification 1994114.1 General 1994114.2 Certification Program 1994124.3 Inspection and Testing . 1994124.4
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