NFPA 259-2013 Standard Test Method for Potential Heat of Building Materials (Effective Date 12 17 2012).pdf

1、NFPA259 Standard Test Method for Potential Heat of Building Materials 2013 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 An International Codes and Standards Organization IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPADOCUMENTSNOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF NFP

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28、n of the Secretary, Standards Council, NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101; email: stds_adminnfpa.orgFor more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org.12/11Copyright 2013 National Fire ProtectionAssociation.All Rights Reserved.NFPA259Standard Test Me

29、thod forPotential Heat of Building Materials2013 EditionThis edition of NFPA 259, Standard Test Method for Potential Heat of Building Materials, waspreparedbytheTechnicalCommitteeonFireTests.ItwasissuedbytheStandardsCouncilonNovember 27, 2012, with an effective date of December 17, 2012, and superse

30、des all previouseditions.This edition of NFPA 259 was approved as an American National Standard on Decem-ber 17, 2012.Origin and Development of NFPA 259This standard is based on a test method developed at the National Bureau of Standards in1961. Consideration of the test method by the NFPA was begun

31、 in 1973, culminating in thestandardthatwasadoptedin1976,reconfirmedin1981,andrevisedatthe1986FallMeeting.The 1993 edition was a reconfirmation of the 1987 edition.The1998editionwascompletelyrewritten,incorporatingeditorialchangeswiththeelimi-nation of nonmandatory language. The only significant tec

32、hnical change was the incorpora-tion of the requirement of two tests for a product to determine its heat of combustion. Amaximum 10 percent variation was permitted; otherwise, a third test was required.Also in 1998, a newAppendixAwas added, providing explanatory material.AnewAppen-dix C containing m

33、aterial extracted from Appendix C of NFPA 220, Standard on Types ofBuilding Construction, was added for informational purposes.The2003editionofNFPA259wasupdatedtoincorporatetherequirementsoftheManualof Style for NFPATechnical Committee Documents.The 2008 edition of NFPA259 was a reconfirmation of th

34、e 2003 edition.The 2013 edition was updated to include a new test limitation, revised oxygen bombcalorimeter requirements, and revised annex material.2591NFPAand National Fire ProtectionAssociation are registered trademarks of the National Fire ProtectionAssociation, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.Tech

35、nical Committee on Fire TestsBarry L. Badders, Jr., ChairSouthwest Research Institute, TX RTFarid Alfawakhiri, American Iron and Steel Institute,IL MJesse J. Beitel, HughesAssociates, Inc., MD SERhonda P. Byrne, QAI Laboratories, CARTGordon H. Damant, Inter-City Testing ASTM E 1354, Standard Test Me

36、thod forHeat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and ProductsUsing an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter (Cone Calorimeter); andASTM E 1474, Standard Test Method for Determining the Heat Re-lease Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components orCom-posites Using a Bench Scale Oxygen Con

37、sumption Calorimeter, forupholstered furniture and mattress composites. For determin-ing heat release rates of specific products, such as upholsteredfurniture, mattresses, textile wall coverings, and interior fin-ish, ASTM E 1537, Standard Test Method for Fire Testing of Uphol-stered Seating Furnitu

38、re; ASTM E 1590, Standard Fire Test for FireTesting of Mattresses; NFPA 265, Standard Methods of Fire Tests forEvaluating Room Fire Growth Contribution of Textile or ExpandedVinyl Wall Coverings on Full Height Panels and Walls; andNFPA 286, Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Contribu-tion

39、 of Wall and Ceiling Interior Finish to Room Fire Growth, respec-tively, can be used. NFPA 289, Standard Method of Fire Test forIndividual Fuel Packages, was developed in order to assess theheat release of individual products or fuel packages under avariety of exposure conditions.A.4.3 At least one

40、testing laboratory has experienced somedifficulty in achieving consistent results for materials that con-tain CaCO3, CaSO4, or CaSiO3, since apparently these chemi-cals (inorganic salts) tend to react endothermically with thebenzoic acid combustion promoter. Such a reaction has beendescribed as foll

41、ows:CaSO 2C CaS 2CO42+= +When this reaction occurs, two corrections generally arerequired to be made to the gross heat of combustion deter-mined by the oxygen bomb calorimetry method: a correctionfor the unburned benzoic acid as prescribed in the test proce-dure and a correction for the endothermic

42、redox reactiondescribed in the equation. Both of these corrections can beroughly estimated by quantification of sulfur in the bomb resi-due. Experimentation with other combustion promoters dis-covered that paraffin oil worked best and provided the mostconsistent results when such chemicals were pres

43、ent in thematerials being evaluated.It should be noted that this phenomenon has been found inthe presence of calcium-containing materials and is probably anacidbase reaction. Therefore, it is also likely to occur with anymaterials that are alkaline, such as metal hydroxides, with someinorganicsalts,

44、orwithsomeothersimilarchemicalsaswell.How-ever, it has not been investigated with materials for which acidbase reactions do not occur. Thus, the testing laboratory shouldbesuspiciousoftheuseofbenzoicacidwhensignificanterrorsorvariations occur in the gross heat of combustion determined bythismethod.I

45、nthosecases,itcanbeappropriatetouseaparaffinoil combustion promoter. An appropriate paraffin oil shouldhave a known heat of combustion and contain 99.5 percent par-affinic hydrocarbons. For example, a value of gross heat of com-bustionof46.2MJ/kgisreferencedforaparticulartypeofparaf-fin oil in The S

46、FPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering. It shouldalso be noted that the heat of combustion of paraffin oil cancover a range of values, depending on its chemical composition.The following information has not been independently verified,certified, or endorsed by the NFPA or this technical committ

47、ee:The paraffin oil distributed by the Zeco Corporation as part No.501-439,whichhasaheatofcombustionof45.5MJ/kg0.1MJ/kg, has been found suitable by at least one laboratory.A.5.1 For the sizes of the test specimens, see 6.1.2 and Sec-tion 7.1.A.5.1.2 For example, a 1 percent proportion should have ar

48、ange of 0.95 percent to 1.05 percent.A.6.1.1 While many materials can be suitably made into a pow-der form using a clean carbide double-bastard file or mortar andpestle,orboth,itcansometimesbeusefultofreeze(withdryice)materials containing asphaltic, mastic, or plastic componentsprior to filing, or t

49、o use mechanical blenders, ball or hammermills, grinders, milling or lathe cutters, and so on. For laminatedmaterials, it can be preferable to separate the test specimen intocomponent layers and to grind, file, or pulverize each compo-nent separately. The powdered components then can be mixedintimately in proportion to their original mass fractions and themixture tested, or each component can be tested separately andthe contributions of heat combined in proportion to each com-ponents original mass fraction.A.6.1.3 Any loss in the mass of the component materials dur-in