1、NFPA 471 Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents 2002 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, PO Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101 An International Codes and Standards Organization NFPA License Agreement This document is copyrighted by the National Fire Protection Association (
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27、, Printing, and Publication of NFPA Documents,which is available upon request from the NFPA.)Copyright 2002, National Fire Protection Association, All Rights ReservedNFPA 471Recommended Practice forResponding to Hazardous Materials Incidents2002 EditionThis edition of NFPA 471, Recommended Practice
28、for Responding to Hazardous Materials Inci-dents, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Hazardous Materials Response Personneland acted on by NFPA at its November Association Technical Meeting held November 1014,2001, in Dallas, TX. It was issued by the Standards Council on January 11, 2002, wi
29、th aneffective date of January 31, 2002, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA 471 was approved as an American National Standard on January 31,2002.Origin and Development of NFPA 471At the July 1985 NFPA Standards Council meeting, approval was given to the concept of anew project
30、 on Hazardous Materials Response Personnel. The Council directed that a pro-posed scope and start-up roster for the new Committee be prepared, taking into account theneed to expand the Committee membership beyond the fire service and the applicationbeyond “professional qualifications.”The first meet
31、ing of the Technical Committee on Hazardous Materials Response Per-sonnel took place in October 1986. The Committee proceeded to develop the first editionof NFPA 471 in conjunction with the first edition of NFPA 472, Standard on ProfessionalCompetence of Responders to Hazardous Materials Incidents.
32、Both documents were first re-leased as 1989 editions.Interest in the subject of hazardous materials, especially as it relates to the emergencyresponder, continued at a high level. Some of this interest was due to an increased awarenessof the magnitude of the problem; much of it can be credited to fe
33、deral regulations in theUnited States that have had an impact on all responders.Revisions were made to both NFPA documents in 1992 editions. At the same time theCommittee introduced a new related document, NFPA 473, Standard for Professional Competen-cies for EMS Personnel Responding to Hazardous Ma
34、terials Incidents.In 1993 the Committee again began reviewing NFPA 471 for the purpose of revising it. TheCommittee made several changes to the resulting 1997 edition in order to ensure that the docu-ment remained consistent with NFPA 472, which had gained wide international acceptance.The 2002 edit
35、ion contains additional minor revisions for continued consistency withNFPA 472. Some changes were the result of conformance with the 2000 edition of the NFPAManual of Style.The gratitude of the Committee is extended to all who participated in the developmentand review process, and especially to the
36、individuals not on the Committee who helped somuch.The Committee would like to dedicate this recommended practice to the fallen heroes ofthe terrorist attack of September 11, 2001. Many lives were saved because of their efforts.These individuals gave the ultimate sacrifice in the line of duty and st
37、and alone in theirbravery and dedication to their jobs and their country. Our thoughts and prayers are withtheir families, friends, and co-workers. Let us never forget these brave individuals and theother emergency responders who have died in the line of duty. The Committee especiallywishes to honor
38、 Committee member John J. Fanning, FDNY, who died in the line of duty onSeptember 11.4711Technical Committee on Hazardous Materials Response PersonnelJohn M. Eversole, ChairChicago Fire Department, IL ERep. International Association of Fire ChiefsGerald L. Grey, Vice ChairSan Francisco Fire Departme
39、nt, CA URep. International Society of Fire Service InstructorsCharles J. Wright, SecretaryUnion Pacific Railroad Company, NE SEDonald Beckering, Minnesota State Colleges andUniversities, MN UGlenn P. Benarick, Fairfax County Fire and RescueDepartment, VA EBud Berry, 3M, MN MRep. American Society of
40、Safety EngineersGregory F. Britt, Virginia Department of EmergencyServices, VA UGene P. Carlson, VFIS-Glatfeller Insurance Group, PA IRep. VFISDon L. Crowson, Arlington Fire Department, TX UManuel H. Ehrlich, Jr., Wayne, NJ MRep. American Chemistry CouncilRichard B. Emery, Emery capable of caus-ing
41、harm.3.3.17* Hazard Sector. That function within an overall inci-dent management system that deals with the mitigation of ahazardous materials incident.3.3.18 Hazardous Materials Sector Officer. The person re-sponsible for the management of the hazard sector.3.3.19* Hazardous Material. A substance (
42、solid, liquid, orgas) that when released is capable of creating harm to people,the environment, and property. 472:3.33.3.20 Incident. An emergency involving the release or po-tential release of a hazardous material, with or without fire.295:1.33.3.21* Incident Commander. The person who is responsibl
43、efor all decisions relating to the management of the incidentand is in charge of the incident site. 472:3.33.3.22* Incident Management System. An organized systemof roles, responsibilities, and standard operating proceduresused to manage and direct emergency operations. 1021:1.43.3.23 Mitigation. Ac
44、tions taken to prevent or reduce prod-uct loss, human injury or death, environmental damage, andproperty damage due to the release or potential release ofhazardous materials.3.3.24 Monitoring Equipment. Instruments and devices usedto identify and quantify contaminants.3.3.25* National Contingency Pl
45、an. Policies and proceduresof the federal agency members of the National Oil and Haz-ardous Materials Response Team.3.3.26 Neutralization. The process of applying acids or basesto a corrosive product to form a neutral salt.3.3.27 Penetration. The movement of a material through asuits closures, such
46、as zippers, buttonholes, seams, flaps, orother design features of chemical-protective clothing, andthrough punctures, cuts, and tears.3.3.28 Permeation. A chemical action involving the movementof chemicals, on a molecular level, through intact material.3.3.29* Protective Clothing. Equipment designed
47、 to protectthe wearer from heat and/or hazardous materials contactingthe skin or eyes. 472:3.33.3.30* Response. That portion of incident management inwhich personnel are involved in controlling (defensively oroffensively) a hazardous materials incident.3.3.31 Sampling. The process of collecting a re
48、presentativeamount of gas, liquid, or solid for analytical purposes.3.3.32 Solidification. The process whereby a hazardous liq-uid is treated chemically so that solid material results.3.3.33 Stabilization. The point in an incident at which theadverse behavior of the hazardous material is controlled.
49、3.3.34 Sterilization. The process of destroying all microor-ganisms in or on an object.3.3.35 Waste Minimization. Treatment of hazardous spills byprocedures or chemicals designed to reduce the hazardousnature of the material and to minimize the quantity of wasteproduced.Chapter 4 Incident Response Planning4.1 Developing an Incident Response Plan.4.1.1 Planning is an essential part of emergency prepared-ness. The development of both facility response plans and4715INCIDENT RESPONSE PLANNING2002 Editioncommunity emergency plans is required by numerous s
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