NFPA 705-2013 Recommended Practice for a Field Flame Test for Textiles and Films (Effective Date 12 17 2012).pdf

1、NFPA705 Recommended Practice for a Field Flame Test for Textiles and Films 2013 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 An International Codes and Standards Organization IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPADOCUMENTSNOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE O

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29、 Practice for aField Flame Test for Textiles and Films2013 EditionThis edition of NFPA705, Recommended Practice for a Field Flame Test forTextiles and Films, waspreparedbytheTechnicalCommitteeonFireTests.ItwasissuedbytheStandardsCouncilonNovember 27, 2012, with an effective date of December 17, 2012

30、, and supersedes all previouseditions.This edition of NFPA 705 was approved as an American National Standard on Decem-ber 17, 2012.Origin and Development of NFPA 705The 1993 edition of NFPA705 was a complete revision of what was Chapter 10, Field Test:Match Flame Test, in the 1989 edition of NFPA 70

31、1, Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame-Resistant Textiles and Films. Due to the lack of data demonstrating a relationship between thefield match test and NFPA 701 small- or large-scale testing, the Committee determined itwould be appropriate to create this document so as not to perpetuate any a

32、pplication of acorrelation. The field match test does not incorporate the more rigorous laboratory testingmethods incorporated into the small- and large-scale testing such as conditioning of speci-men, reproducibility, and repeatability. The revisions to NFPA 705 incorporated an increasein safety pr

33、ecautions during the testing procedure, type of ignition source, and removal ofsample prior to testing.The 1997 edition of NFPA705 was a reconfirmation of the earlier edition.For the 2003 edition, the chapter layout of NFPA 705 was reorganized to meet the Manual ofStyle for NFPATechnical Committee D

34、ocuments.The 2009 edition added references toASTM E 84 and NFPA265 for testing interior finishmaterials.The 2013 edition includes updates to referenced standards, and terminology. A new sectionandannexnotehavebeenaddedtoclarifythatNFPA705shouldnotbeusedfortextilecoverings.7051NFPAand National Fire P

35、rotectionAssociation are registered trademarks of the National Fire ProtectionAssociation, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.Technical Committee on Fire TestsBarry L. Badders, Jr., ChairSouthwest Research Institute, TX RTFarid Alfawakhiri, American Iron and Steel Institute,IL MJesse J. Beitel, HughesAssoc

36、iates, Inc., MD SERhonda P. Byrne, QAI Laboratories, CARTGordon H. Damant, Inter-City Testing therefore, they should not be relied upon when more defini-tive test data are available.1.3 Application.1.3.1 These recommendations apply to materials used in theinterior of buildings, for protective outdoo

37、r coverings such astarpaulins and tents, and for plastic films (with or without re-inforcing or backing) used for decorative or other purposesinside buildings or as temporary or permanent enclosures forbuildings under construction.1.3.1.1* The field test method can be useful to regulatory offi-cials

38、 as an indicator of whether a material being used or in-stalled burns very easily or can be flame resistant as indicatedby the following:(1) Cessation of burning when the igniting flame is removed(2) Failure to burn at all(3) Continuing to burn nonaggressively after the ignitingflame is removed1.3.1

39、.2 The field test method has utility only when the au-thority having jurisdiction has no reliable data and, therefore,is forced to rely solely on the field test findings.1.3.1.3 There are only two types of materials for which the fieldtest method can be deemed to provide foolproof and totally ad-equ

40、ate results: those made entirely of noncombustible inorganicmaterial and those that ignite and burn readily on exposure to asmall flame. For example, with only limited experience, an in-spector will have no difficulty in identifying an all-mineral fiberfabric by employing a small open flame, and no

41、other procedureis necessary. The only effect a small fire exposure has on a min-eral fiber fabric is to burn off the surface coloring, if any, leavingthe threads themselves virtually undamaged. This result is notobtained with any other type of decorative fabric and, therefore,is readily recognized.

42、At the other extreme, if a material ignitesand burns readily from the application of a small open flamefrom a source such as a kitchen match, showing no semblance offlame resistance, no other procedure is necessary, since the ma-terial obviously is not acceptable.1.3.1.4 Between these two extremes,

43、the field test method has alimited and varying degree of reliability. Within this large group,whichcomprisesthegreatmajorityofmaterialstheenforcementofficial is likely to encounter in the field, the most reliable resultsare obtained in the testing of cellulose-based materials (cotton,rayon,andpaper)

44、thatareflameretardanttreatedwiththecom-mon inorganic salt formulations. These materials retain theirshape reasonably during testing, and the results are not greatlyaffected by differences in sample size or severity of fire exposure.However, the least-reliable results are obtained with chemicallytrea

45、tedfabricsofsyntheticfibersorflexibleplasticfilmsandlami-nates.These materials are subject to a variety of physical changeswhen exposed to fire, such as shrinking, curling, melting, elon-gating, and similar distortions, making the examination of smallsamples quite difficult and the results ambiguous

46、. Furthermore,some of these thermoplastic materials are apt to appear flameresistant with small flame exposures but ignite and burn fiercelywith longer exposures to larger ignition sources.1.3.2* This recommended practice should not be used to de-termine that a textile material or a film is flame re

47、tardant.1.3.3* This recommended practice does not apply to textilewall coverings or to textile ceiling coverings.1.3.4 Materials applied to surfaces of buildings or backing ma-terials as interior finishes in buildings should be tested and clas-sified in accordance with ASTM E 84, Standard Test Metho

48、d forSurface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, or NFPA 286,Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Contribution of Wall andCeiling Interior Finish to Room Fire Growth. In the case of textile wallcoverings, the use of NFPA 265, Standard Methods of Fire Tests forEvaluating Room Fire

49、 Growth Contribution of Textile or Expanded VinylWall Coverings on Full Height Panels and Walls, is also appropriate.Chapter 2 Referenced Publications2.1 General. The documents or portions thereof listed in thischapterarereferencedwithinthisrecommendedpracticeandshould be considered part of the recommendations of thisdocument.7054 FIELD FLAME TEST FOR TEXTILES AND FILMS2013 Edition2.2 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association,1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA02169-7471.NFPA 265, Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating RoomFire Growth Contribution of Te