NFPA 72H-2016 National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code Handbook (Eightth Edition).pdf

1、National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code HandbookBK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 1 9/14/2015 8:16:32 PMBK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 2 9/14/2015 8:16:32 PMNational Fire Alarm and Signaling Code Handbook2016 EditionEdited byRichard J. Roux Senior Electrical Specialist, NFPAChristopher D. CoacheSenior Ele

2、ctrical Engineer, NFPANatioNal Fire ProtectioN associatioNthe leading information and knowledge resource on fire, electrical and related hazardsBK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 3 9/14/2015 8:16:34 PMProduct Management: Debra RoseDevelopment and Production: Kenneth RitchieCopyediting: Janet ProvostArt D

3、irection: Cheryl Langway Permissions: Josiane DomeniciCover Design: Cameron, Inc.Interior Design: Cheryl LangwayComposition: Cenveo Publisher ServicesManufacturing: Ellen GliskerPrinting/Binding: R.R. Donnelley/WillardCopyright 2015National Fire Protection AssociationOne Batterymarch ParkQuincy, Mas

4、sachusetts 02169-7471All rights reserved.Important Notices and Disclaimers: Publication of this handbook is for the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for fire and electrical safety and related subjects. While every effort has been made to achieve a work of high qua

5、lity, neither the NFPAnor the contributors to this handbook guarantee or warrantee the accuracy or completeness of or assume any liability in connection with the information and opinions contained in this handbook. The NFPA and the contributors shall in no event be liable for any personal injury, pr

6、operty, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this handbook.This handbook is published with the understanding that the NFPA and the contributors to this han

7、dbook are supplying information and opinion but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code (“NFPA 72”), is, like all NFPA codes,

8、 standards, recom-mended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”), made available for use subject to Important Notices and Legal Disclaimers, which appear at the end of this handbook and can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.Notice Concerning Code Interpretations: This 2016 edition of the N

9、ational Fire Alarm and Signaling Code Handbook Handbook is based on the 2016 edition of NFPA 72. All NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) are developed in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA by technical committees comprised of volunteers drawn

10、 from a broad array of relevant interests. The handbook contains the complete text of NFPA72 and any applicable Formal Interpretations issued by the NFPA at the time of publication. This NFPA Standard is accompanied by explanatory commentary and other supplementary materials.The commentary and suppl

11、ementary materials in this handbook are not a part of the NFPA Standard and do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only through requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA). The commentary and

12、 supplementary materials, therefore, solely reflect the personal opinions of the editor or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.Reminder: Updating of Nfpa StandardsNFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, like all N

13、FPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”), may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An official NFPA Standard at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any T

14、entative Interim Amendment and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether an NFPA Standard has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, visit the Document Information Pages on NFPAs website. The Document Information Pages provide up-to-d

15、ate, document specific information including any issued Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata. To access the Document Information Page for a specific NFPA Standard go to http:/www.nfpa.org/document for a list of NFPA Standards, and click on the appropriate Standard number (e.g., NFPA 72). In addit

16、ion to posting all existing Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata, the Document Information Page also includes the option to sign-up for an “Alert” feature to receive an email notification when new updates and other information are posted regarding the document.The following are registered tradema

17、rks of the National Fire Protection Association: National Fire Protection AssociationNFPANFPA 72Building Construction and Safety Codeand NFPA 5000Fire Protection HandbookLife Safety Codeand 101National Electrical Code, NEC, and NFPA 70NFPA No.: 72HB16ISBN (book): 978-145590-9360ISBN (PDF): 978-14559

18、0-9377ISBN (e-book): 978-145591-2872Library of Congress Control No.: 2015943729Printed in the United States of America15 16 17 18 19 5 4 3 2 1BK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 4 9/14/2015 8:16:34 PMDedicationThe editors of the National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code Handbook, Eighth Edition, proudly dedi

19、cate this edition to Lee Richardson, editor of the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh editions of the handbook. Lee was senior electrical engineer at NFPA and a longtime NFPA employee. He retired in 2015 after many years as staff liai-son of NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, and NFPA 7

20、20, Standard for the Installation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detection and Warning Equipment. Lee was tenacious, detailed, and dedicated to fire alarm safety. He was also strongly committed to the codes and standards consensus development process by which the National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code is d

21、eveloped. Over the years, Lee worked with many Technical Committees and Task Groups and served on several industry committees and panels. He also served as staff liaison for many other NFPA documents, including NFPA 85, NFPA 86, NFPA 86C, and NFPA 86D.Lee will be greatly missed at NFPA, and we wish

22、him well in his retirement.BK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 5 9/14/2015 8:16:38 PMBK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 6 9/14/2015 8:16:38 PMviiContentsPreface xiAcknowledgments xiii About the Contributors xvAbout the Editors xixPART ONENFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, 2016 Edition, with Comme

23、ntary 11 Administration 31.1 Scope 31.2 Purpose 51.3 Application 71.4 Retroactivity 111.5 Equivalency 121.6 Units and Formulas 121.7 Code Adoption Requirements 132 Referenced Publications 152.1 General 152.2 NFPA Publications 152.3 Other Publications 162.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sectio

24、ns 173 Definitions3.1 General 193.2 NFPA Official Definitions 193.3 General Definitions 214 Reserved 935 Reserved 936 Reserved 937 Documentation 957.1 Application. (SIG-FUN) 957.2 Minimum Required Documentation. (SIG-FUN) 967.3 Design (Layout) Documentation 997.4 Shop Drawings (Installation Document

25、ation). (SIG-FUN) 1067.5 Completion Documentation 1087.6 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance Documentation. (SIG-TMS) 1157.7 Records, Record Retention, and Record Maintenance 1167.8 Forms 1198 Reserved 1799 Reserved 17910 Fundamentals 18110.1 Application 18110.2 Purpose 18210.3 Equipment 18210.4 De

26、sign and Installation 18310.5 Personnel Qualifications 18610.6 Power Supplies 19310.7 Signal Priority 20710.8 Detection and Signaling of Conditions 20810.9 Responses 20910.10 Distinctive Signals 20910.11 Alarm Signals 21110.12 Fire Alarm Notification Appliance Deactivation 21310.13 Supervisory Signa

27、ls 21410.14 Trouble Signals 21610.15 Emergency Control Function Status Indicators 21810.16 Notification Appliance Circuits and Control Circuits 21810.17 Annunciation and Annunciation Zoning 21910.18 Monitoring Integrity of In-Building Fire Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications Systems 22210.19 Docume

28、ntation and Notification 22310.20 Impairments 22310.21 Unwanted Alarms 22511 Reserved 22712 Circuits and Pathways 22912.1 Application 22912.2 General 23012.3 Pathway Class Designations 235BK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 7 9/14/2015 8:16:38 PMviii Contents2016 National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code Han

29、dbook12.4 Pathway Survivability 24312.5 Shared Pathway Designations 24712.6 Monitoring Integrity and Circuit Performance of Installation Conductors and Other Signaling Channels 24812.7 Nomenclature 25113 Reserved 25314 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 25514.1 Application 25614.2 General 25714.3

30、Inspection 27114.4 Testing 28214.5 Maintenance 32914.6 Records 33015 Reserved 33516 Reserved 33517 Initiating Devices 33717.1 Application 33917.2 Purpose 34117.3 Performance-Based Design 34117.4 General Requirements 34217.5 Requirements for Smoke and Heat Detectors 34917.6 Heat-Sensing Fire Detector

31、s 35917.7 Smoke-Sensing Fire Detectors 38117.8 Radiant EnergySensing Fire Detectors 43317.9 Combination, Multi-Criteria, and Multi-Sensor Detectors 45017.10 Gas Detection 45217.11 Other Fire Detectors 45317.12 Sprinkler Waterflow Alarm-Initiating Devices 45417.13 Detection of Operation of Other Auto

32、matic Extinguishing Systems 45617.14 Manually Actuated Alarm-Initiating Devices 45717.15 Fire Extinguisher Electronic Monitoring Device 46017.16 Supervisory SignalInitiating Devices 46018 Notification Appliances 46518.1 Application 46518.2 Purpose 46718.3 General 46718.4 Audible Characteristics 4751

33、8.5 Visible Characteristics Public Mode 50218.6 Visible Characteristics Private Mode 52318.7 Supplementary Visible Signaling Method 52318.8 Textual Audible Appliances 52418.9 Textual and Graphical Visible Appliances 52418.10 Tactile Appliances 52818.11 Standard Emergency Service Interface 52819 Rese

34、rved 53120 Reserved 53121 Emergency Control Function Interfaces 53321.1 Application 53321.2 General 53421.3 Elevator Phase I Emergency Recall Operation 53721.4 Elevator Shutdown 54921.5 Fire Service Access Elevators 55321.6 Occupant Evacuation Elevators 55521.7 Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditio

35、ning (HVAC) Systems 55821.8 Door and Shutter Release 56221.9 Electrically Locked Doors 56321.10 Exit Marking Audible Notification Systems 56522 Reserved 56723 Protected Premises Fire Alarm Systems 56923.1 Application 56923.2 General 57123.3 System Features 57323.4 System Performance and Integrity 57

36、623.5 Performance of Initiating Device Circuits (IDCs) 57923.6 Performance of Signaling Line Circuits (SLCs) 58023.7 Performance of Notification Appliance Circuits (NACs) 58623.8 System Requirements 58723.9 In-Building Fire Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications 62323.10 Fire Alarm Systems Using Tone

37、62323.11 Suppression System Actuation 62423.12 Off-Premises Signals 62623.13 Guards Tour Supervisory Service 627BK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 8 9/14/2015 8:16:38 PMContents ixNational Fire Alarm and Signaling Code Handbook 201623.14 Suppressed (Exception Reporting) Signal System 62723.15 Protected P

38、remises Emergency Control Functions 62823.16 Special Requirements for Low-Power Radio (Wireless) Systems 62824 Emergency Communications Systems (ECS) 63324.1 Application 63324.2 Purpose 63424.3 General 63524.4 In-Building Fire Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications Systems (EVACS) 65024.5 In-Building

39、Mass Notification Systems 66324.6 Wide-Area Mass Notification Systems 67924.7 Distributed Recipient Mass Notification Systems (DRMNS) 68324.8 Two-Way, In-Building Wired Emergency Services Communications Systems 68624.9 Two-Way Radio Communications Enhancement Systems 69024.10 Area of Refuge (Area of

40、 Rescue Assistance) Emergency Communications Systems 69124.11 Elevator Emergency Communications Systems 69224.12 Stairway Communications Systems 69324.13 Information, Command, and Control 69424.14 Performance-Based Design of Mass Notification Systems 69824.15 Documentation for Emergency Communicatio

41、ns Systems 70125 Reserved 70326 Supervising Station Alarm Systems 70526.1 Application 70526.2 General 70926.3 Central Station Service Alarm Systems 71526.4 Proprietary Supervising Station Alarm Systems 73126.5 Remote Supervising Station Alarm Systems 74226.6 Communications Methods for Supervising St

42、ation Alarm Systems 75127 Public Emergency Alarm Reporting Systems 79127.1 Application 79227.2 General Fundamentals 79427.3 Management and Maintenance 79527.4 Communications Methods 79627.5 Alarm Processing Equipment 79827.6 Alarm Boxes 81427.7 Public Cable Plant 82827.8 Emergency Communications Sys

43、tems (ECS) 83528 Reserved 83729 Single- and Multiple-Station Alarms and Household Fire Alarm Systems 83929.1 Application 84029.2 Purpose 84229.3 Basic Requirements 84429.4 Assumptions 85129.5 Detection and Notification 85329.6 Power Supplies 86129.7 Equipment Performance 86729.8 Installation 87729.9

44、 Optional Functions 89029.10 Maintenance and Tests 89129.11 Markings and Instructions 891Annexes 895A Explanatory Material 895B Engineering Guide for Automatic Fire Detector Spacing 897C System Performance and Design Guide 979D Speech Intelligibility 985E Sample Ordinance Adopting NFPA 72 1011F Wiri

45、ng Diagrams and Guide for Testing Fire Alarm Circuits 1013G Guidelines for Emergency Communication Strategies for Buildings and Campuses 1025H Informational References 1035PART T WOSupplements 10431 Performance-Based Design and Fire Alarm Systems 10452 Voice Intelligibility for Emergency Voice/Alarm

46、 Communications Systems 10593 Class N Circuits Using Networks for Fire Alarm and Mass Notification Systems 10754 Technical/Substantive Changes from the 2013 to 2016 Edition of NFPA 72 1081Index 1091Important Notices and Legal Disclaimers 1113BK-NFPA-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 9 9/14/2015 8:16:38 PMBK-NFP

47、A-72HB16-150223-FM.indd 10 9/14/2015 8:16:38 PMxiPrefaceThe 2016 edition of NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, represents the cul-mination of over a century of signaling standards. The first signaling standard, NFPA 71-D, General Rules for the Installation of Wiring and Apparatus for A

48、utomatic Fire Alarms, Hatch Closers, Sprinkler Alarms, and Other Automatic Alarm Systems and Their Auxiliaries, was written in 1899. That document was only fifteen pages in length, including the committee report. We are certain the original framers of that document would be astonished to see what th

49、eir work looks like today.Fire alarm signaling has come a long way since NFPA published that first signaling standard over one hundred years ago. Many technologies related to fire alarm systems have evolved, while others have changed little since the middle part of the nineteenth century. For example, conventional fixed-temperature heat detectors and McCulloh loops have not changed significantly since they were invented in the late 1800s. Many technologies emerged in just the past thirty or forty years. More recent technologies,