1、PUBLICLY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION PAS 55-1:2008Asset ManagementICS code: 03.100.01NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWPart 1: Specification for the optimizedmanagement of physical assetswww.theIAM.orgLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 07/01/2009 0
2、1:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIPAS 55-1:2008 BSI September 2008i BSI September 2008ISBN: 978 0 580 50975 9AcknowledgementThe development of this Publicly Available Specification (PAS) has been led by the Institute of Asset Management (IAM), in collaboration with the British Standards Institution (B
3、SI), with theassistance of the following co-operating organizations and individuals: John Woodhouse Project Chairman, IAM Aled WilliamsNational Grid Dr Navil ShettyAtkins Mike DixonEDF Energy Prof Steven MaleUniversity of Leeds Rhys DaviesLloyds RegisterDevelopment team Moss Mustafa Ursula Bryan Nat
4、ional Grid Peter Jay The Woodhouse Partnership Alex Thomson The Woodhouse Partnership AMCL AMT-Sybex Atkins Atlantic LNG Co of Trinidad and Part 2: Guidelines for the application of PAS 55-1. It has been assumed in the preparation of this PAS thatthe execution of its provisions will be entrusted toa
5、ppropriately qualified and experienced people, forwhose use it has been produced.Consultation This PAS has been developed in consultation with a large number of international organizations andindividuals from a wide range of industries that areactive and proficient in the field of asset management(s
6、ee Acknowledgements).Publishing informationThis PAS comes into effect on 15 September 2008.This PAS has been prepared and published by BSI,which retains its ownership and copyright. BSI reservesthe right to withdraw or amend this PAS on receipt of authoritative advice that it is appropriate to do so
7、This PAS will be reviewed at intervals not exceedingtwo years, and any amendments arising from thereview will be published as an amended PAS andpublicized in Update Standards.ForewordThis Publicly Available Specification (PAS) was first published in 2004 in response to demand from industry for a st
8、andard for asset management. It is applicable to any organization where physical assets are a key or a critical factor in achieving itsbusiness goals. This 2008 revision reflects the increasing international consensusabout required good practices in the management of such physical assets.This PAS is
9、 not to be regarded as a British Standard.SupersessionPAS 55-1:2008 and PAS 55-2: 2008 supersede PAS 55-1:2004 and PAS 55-2:2004, which remain current and obsolescent until 1 March 2010 when they will be withdrawn.NOTE Obsolescence is declared where the content of astandard, which is superseded by n
10、ew provisions (in theform of a new standard), still retains a commercial need or relevance (to a specific technology, industry or process).The document is superseded but it is not withdrawn.Information about this documentThis is a full revision of PAS 55-1:2004, whichintroduces the following princip
11、al changes: The term “infrastructure” has been removed fromthe title of the PAS; The Foreword and Introduction have been revised; Figure 1 has been transferred and adapted from PAS 55-2:2004; Figures 2, 4 and 6 have been revised and Figures 3and 5 are new; New definitions have been added, and existi
12、ngdefinitions revised; Asset management objectives and asset managementtargets are now jointly referred to as assetmanagement objectives, and their definition hasbeen revised accordingly (see 3.5); The section on Asset management plan(s) (see 4.3.3)has been extended to more clearly identify therequi
13、rements for optimizing plans and theinteraction between life cycle phases; The requirements for emergency preparedness andresponse have been extended to include continuityplanning and the section has been renamed“Contingency planning” (see 4.3.4); A new section “Asset management enablers andcontrols
14、 (see 4.4) has been created to consolidatethe generic requirements of: structure, authority andLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 07/01/2009 01:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIPAS 55-1:2008 BSI September 2008ivresponsibilities; training awareness and competence;communication, part
15、icipation and consultation; assetmanagement system documentation; informationmanagement; risk management; legal and otherrequirements; and management of change; New requirements have been introduced forCommunication, participation and consultation(see 4.4.4); Information management (see 4.4.6) bring
16、s togetherthe requirements of the previous clauses for“Document, data and information control” and“Asset management information system”; Management of change is discussed in a separateclause (see 4.4.9); The requirements in the former “Operationalcontrol” have been divided between“Implementation of
17、asset management plan(s)”,“Management of change” and “Asset managementsystem documentation”; “Implementation of asset management plan(s)” hasbeen expanded to address the Life cycle phases ofmanaging assets (see 4.5); New requirements for Evaluation of compliance havebeen introduced (see 4.6.3); “Che
18、cking and corrective action” has been renamed“Performance assessment and improvement” (see 4.6), with the structure for the sub-clausesadapted from those described in PAS 99 and ISO Guide 72; and New requirements have been introduced forManagement review (see 4.7). Presentational conventionsThe prov
19、isions of this PAS are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its requirements are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”.Commentary, explanation and general informativematerial is presented in smaller italic type, and doesnot constitute a normative element.Contract
20、ual and legal considerationsThis publication is not intended to include all thenecessary provisions of a contract. Users areresponsible for its correct application.Compliance with this PAS cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 07/01/2009
21、01:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIintegratedsustainableholisticsystematicsystemicrisk-basedoptimalPAS 55-1:2008 BSI September 2008v0 IntroductionFor the purposes of this PAS, asset management isdefined in 3.2 as:systematic and coordinated activities and practicesthrough which an organization optimall
22、y andsustainably manages its assets and asset systems,their associated performance, risks andexpenditures over their life cycles for the purposeof achieving its organizational strategic planand organizational strategic plan is defined in 3.25 as: overall long-term plan for the organization that is d
23、erived from, and embodies, its vision, mission,values, business policies, stakeholder requirements,objectives and the management of its risks Effective implementation of asset managementrequires a disciplined approach which enables anorganization to maximise value and deliver its strategic objective
24、s through managing its assets overtheir whole life cycles. This includes determination of appropriate assets to acquire or create in the firstplace, how best to operate and maintain them, and the adoption of optimal renewal, decommissioningand/or disposal options.The principal benefits of optimized
25、life cycle assetmanagement, in no particular order, include: enhanced customer satisfaction from improvedperformance and control of product or servicedelivery to the required standards; improved health, safety and environmentalperformance; optimized return on investment and/or growth; long-term plan
26、ning, confidence and performancesustainability; the ability to demonstrate best value-for-moneywithin a constrained funding regime; evidence, in the form of controlled and systematicprocesses, to demonstrate legal, regulatory andstatutory compliance; improved risk management and corporategovernance
27、and a clear audit trail for theappropriateness of decisions taken and theirassociated risks; improved corporate reputation, the benefits of which may include enhanced shareholder value,improved marketability of product/service, greaterstaff satisfaction and more efficient and effectiveprocurement fr
28、om the supply chain; the ability to demonstrate that sustainabledevelopment is actively considered within themanagement of the assets over their life cycles.Such benefits are most often associated with theapplication of a number of key principles andattributes in the design and implementation of the
29、asset management system (see Figure 1); these areexplained further in PAS 55-2.The following enabling elements are also considered to be essential for the successful implementation ofthese principles: an organizational structure that facilitates theimplementation of these principles with cleardirect
30、ion and leadership; staff awareness, competency, commitment and cross-functional coordination; adequate information and knowledge of assetcondition, performance, risks and costs, and theinterrelationships between these.Figure 1 Key principles and attributes of asset management 0.1 What is asset mana
31、gement?Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 07/01/2009 01:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIPAS 55-1:2008 BSI September 2008viThe physical assets (see 3.1) represent only one of the five broad categories of asset types that have to be managed holistically in order to achieve theorganiz
32、ational strategic plan. The other categories are human assets, information assets, financial assetsand intangible assets (reputation, morale, intellectualproperty, goodwill, etc.).The scope of this PAS is primarily focussed on themanagement of physical assets and asset systems (see 3.12). The manage
33、ment of physical assets andasset systems is inextricably linked to the othercategories of assets; however, within this PAS the other categories are only considered where they have a direct impact on the optimized management of thephysical assets. These critical interdependencies areillustrated in Fi
34、gure 2, which shows the scope of PAS 55in relation to the other categories of assets.Although human factors such as leadership, motivationand culture are not directly addressed within the scope of this PAS, they are critical to the successfulachievement of optimized and sustainable assetmanagement a
35、nd require due consideration. This isapplicable to the organizations owners, managers,employees, contractors and suppliers.0.2 Types of assetsFigure 2 Focus and business context of this PAS in relation to the other categories of assetsImportant interface: motivation,communication, roles andresponsib
36、ilities, knowledge,experience, leadership, teamworkImportant interface: life cyclecosts, capital investment criteria,operating costs, value of assetperformanceImportant interface: condition, performance,activities, costs and opportunitiesImportant interface: reputation, image, morale, constraints, s
37、ocial impactPhysicalAssetsVital context: business objectives, policies, regulation,performance requirements, risk managementLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 07/01/2009 01:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIPAS 55-1:2008 BSI September 2008viiThis PAS is specifically intended to cover
38、 the life cyclemanagement of the assets and, in particular, the assetsthat are core to an organizations purpose, such asutility networks, power stations, railway or roadsystems, oil and gas installations, manufacturing andprocess plants, buildings and airports. An assetmanagement system is therefore
39、 vital for organizationsthat are dependent on the function and performanceof their physical assets in the delivery of services orproducts, and where the success of an organization issignificantly influenced by the stewardship of its assets.Delivering the best value for money in themanagement of phys
40、ical assets is complex and involvescareful consideration of the trade-offs betweenperformance, cost and risk over all stages of the assetslife cycles. There are inherent conflicting factors tomanage, such as short-term versus long-term benefits,expenditures versus performance levels, planned andunpl
41、anned availability, or capital costs versus operatingexpenditures. There are also different levels at whichassets can be identified and managed ranging fromdiscrete equipment items or components to complexfunctional systems, networks, sites or diverse portfolios(see Figure 3). This hierarchy brings
42、challenges andopportunities at different levels. For example, discreteequipment items may have identifiable individual lifecycles that can be optimized, whereas asset systemsmay have an indefinite horizon of required usage.Sustainability considerations should, therefore, be partof optimized decision
43、making. A larger organizationmay also have a diverse portfolio of asset systems, each contributing to the overall goals of theorganization, but presenting widely differentinvestment opportunities, performance challenges and risks. An integrated asset management system is therefore essential to coor
44、dinate and optimize the diversity and complexity of assets in line with the organizations objectives, priorities and chosen risk profile.Figure 3 Levels of assets and their management Manage asset systemsManage asset portfolioCorporate/organizationmanagementPAS 55 Asset management systemUtilize Main
45、tainRenew/disposeManage assetsCreate/acquire0.3 The need for an asset management systemLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 07/01/2009 01:00, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIPAS 55-1:2008 BSI September 2008viiiAn asset management system is primarily designed to support the delivery of an
46、 organizational strategicplan in order to meet the expectations of a variety of stakeholders (see Figure 4). The organizationalstrategic plan is the starting point for development ofthe asset management policy, strategy, objectives andplans. These, in turn, direct the optimal combination of life cyc
47、le activities to be applied across the diverseportfolio of asset systems and assets (in accordancewith their criticalities, condition, performance andchosen risk profile of the organization). Figure 4highlights the importance of monitoring and continualimprovements within the asset management system
48、for example, in the performance of assets or theoptimization of the asset management plan(s). Itfurther demonstrates the importance of continualimprovement externally through direct influence upon the organizational strategic plan and stakeholder expectations.Figure 4 Overview of the asset manageme
49、nt system, its relationship to the organizationalstrategic plan and stakeholder expectationsPAS 55 Asset management systemLegal and stakeholder requirements and expectations(customers, shareholders, regulators, employees, suppliers, society)Other organizationalrequirements and systemsAsset management enablers and controlsOrganizationalvalues, functionalstandards,required processesAcquire/createUtilizeMaintainRenew/disposeAsset management policyAsset management strategyAsset management objectivesAsset management plansPo
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