SAE AMS 2418J-2017 Plating Copper.pdf

1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p

3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497

4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AMS2418J AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS2418 REV. J Issued 1951-10 Revised 2017-03Supersed

5、ing AMS2418H Plating, Copper RATIONALE AMS2418J results from a Five-Year Review and update of this specification with changes made to 3.1.1, 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.3.2, 4.3.3.2, 4.3.3.3, 4.4.2, and 4.4.3, and to Table 2. NOTICE ORDERING INFORMATION: The following information shall be prov

6、ided to the plating processor by the purchaser. 1. Purchase order shall specify not less than the following: x AMS2418J x Plating thickness (see 3.4.1) x Basis metal to be plated x Tensile strength or hardness of the basis metal x Pre-plate stress relief to be performed by plating processor (time an

7、d temperature) if different from 3.1.2 x Special features, geometry or processing present on parts that requires special attention by the plating processor x Hydrogen embrittlement relief to be performed by plating processor (parameters or reference document) if different from 3.3.1 x Minimum thickn

8、ess on internal surfaces, if required (see 3.4.1.4) x Solderability testing, if required (see 3.4.5) x Quantity of pieces to be plated 2. Parts manufacturing operations such as heat treating, forming, joining, and media finishing can affect the condition of the substrate for plating, or if performed

9、 after plating, could adversely affect the plated part. The sequencing of these types of operations should be specified by the cognizant engineering organization or purchaser and is not controlled by this specification. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2418J Page 2 of 8 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification cove

10、rs the requirements for electrodeposited copper. 1.2 Application This process has been used typically to provide an anti-seize surface, to prevent carburizing of surfaces on which carburizing is neither required or permitted, to prevent decarburization, to enhance solderability, or to provide a sour

11、ce of copper for furnace brazing, but usage is not limited to such applications. 1.3 Classification Plating covered by this specification is classified as follows: Type 1 - Engineering plating Type 2 - Plating for masking 1.3.1 Type 1 shall be supplied if no class is specified. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMEN

12、TS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been can

13、celled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.

14、org. AMS2759/9 Hydrogen Embrittlement Relief (Baking) of Steel Parts ARP1917 Clarification of Terms Used in Aerospace Metals Specifictions AS2390 Chemical Process Test Specimen Material ARP4992 Periodic Test Plan for Process Solutions 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr

15、 Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM B253 Preparation of Aluminum Alloys for Electroplating ASTM B374 Standard Terminology Relating to Electroplating ASTM B487 Measurement of Metal and Oxide Coating Thickness by Microscopical Examinati

16、on of Cross Section ASTM B499 Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on Magnetic Basis Metals ASTM B504 Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method ASTM B567 Measurement of Coating Thickness by the Beta Backscatter Method SAE INTER

17、NATIONAL AMS2418J Page 3 of 8 ASTM B568 Measurement of Coating Thickness by X-Ray Spectrometry ASTM B571 Qualitative Adhesion Testing of Metallic Coatings ASTM B678 Solderability of Metallic-Coated Products ASTM B734 Electrodeposited Copper for Engineering Uses ASTM B748 Measurement of Thickness of

18、Metallic Coatings by Measurement of Cross Section with a Scanning Electron Microscope ASTM B764 Simultaneous Thickness and Electrode Potential Determination of Individual Layers in Multilayer Nickel Deposit (STEP Test) ASTM E376 Measuring Coating Thickness by Magnetic-Field or Eddy-Current (Electrom

19、agnetic) Testing Methods ASTM F519 Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Preparation 3.1.1 Stress Relief Treatment All steel parts having a hardness of 40 HRC and above and that are machined, ground, cold form

20、ed, or cold straightened after heat treatment shall be cleaned to remove surface contamination and thermally stress relieved before plating. (Residual tensile stresses have been found to be damaging during electroplating.) Furnaces used for stress relief shall be controlled per AMS2750: the minimum

21、requirements shall be Class 5 and Type D Instrumentation. Temperatures to which parts are heated shall be such that stress relief is obtained while still maintaining hardness of parts within drawing limits. Unless otherwise specified, the following treatment temperatures and times shall be used: 3.1

22、.1.1 For parts, excluding nitrided parts, having a hardness of 55 HRC and above, and for carburized and induction hardened parts, stress relieve at 275 F 25 F (135 C 14 C) for 5 to 10 hours. 3.1.1.2 For parts having a hardness less than 55 HRC, and for nitrided parts, stress relieve at 375 qF 25 qF

23、(191 C 14 C) for a minimum of 4 hours. Higher temperatures shall be used only when specified or approved by the cognizant engineering organization. 3.1.1.3 For Peened Parts If stress relief temperatures above 375 qF (191 C) are elected, the stress relieve shall be performed prior to peening or the c

24、ognizant engineering organization shall be consulted and shall approve the stress relief temperature. 3.1.2 The plating shall be applied over a surface free from water breaks. The cleaning procedure shall not produce pitting, embrittlement, or intergranular attack of the basis metal and shall preser

25、ve dimensional requirements. 3.1.2.1 For steel parts 40 HRC and over, contact time with surface activation acids such as hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and sulfuric acids shall be minimized so as not to produce hydrogen embrittlement (see 8.5). 3.1.3 Except for barrel plating, electrical contact points

26、 shall be as follows. For parts which are to be plated all over, locations shall be acceptable to purchaser. For parts which are not to be plated all over, locations shall be in areas on which plating is not required. 3.1.4 Aluminum alloys shall be zincate or stannate treated in accordance with ASTM

27、 B253 or other method acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization prior to plating. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2418J Page 4 of 8 3.2 Procedure 3.2.1 Copper shall be electrodeposited from a suitable copper plating solution onto a properly prepared surface. The copper plating shall be applied direc

28、tly onto the metal part, or from a high speed copper plating solution following a “copper strike”, except that a preliminary flash of nickel or other suitable metal is permissible on parts made from corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant steels or alloys. 3.3 Post Treatment 3.3.1 Hydrogen Embrittlem

29、ent Relief Treatment of steel parts shall be in accordance with AMS2759/9. 3.4 Properties Plated parts shall conform to the following requirements: 3.4.1 Thickness Unless otherwise specified on the engineering drawing, the copper plate thickness shall be as follows determined in accordance with ASTM

30、 B487, ASTM B499, ASTM B567, ASTM B568, ASTM B748, ASTM B764, ASTM E376, or other method acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization. 3.4.1.1 Type 1 (Engineering Plating) AMS2418 shall designate plate thickness of 0.0005 to 0.0007 inch (13 to 18 micrometers). Other plate thicknesses may be

31、specified by this specification number and a suffix number designating the minimum thickness in ten-thousandths of an inch (increments of 2.5 micrometers). A tolerance of +0.0002 inch (+5 micrometers) will be allowed. Thus, AMS2418-1 designated a thickness of 0.0001 to 0.0003 inch (2.5 to 8 micromet

32、ers), AMS2418-6 designated a thickness of 0.0006 to 0.0008 inch (15 to 20 micrometers). 3.4.1.2 Type 2 (Plating for Masking) Thickness for Type 2 plating shall be nominally 0.002 inch (51 micrometers) with no area having a plate thickness of less than 0.0007 inch (18 micrometers). 3.4.1.3 Where “cop

33、per flash” is specified, the thickness of copper shall be 0.0001 inch (2.5 micrometers) minimum. 3.4.1.4 All surfaces of the part, except those which cannot be touched by a sphere 0.75 inch (19 mm) in diameter, shall be plated to the specified thickness. Unless otherwise specified, surfaces such as

34、holes, recesses, threads, and other areas where a controlled deposit cannot be obtained under normal plating conditions, may be under the specified limit provided they show visual plating coverage (see 8.2). 3.4.2 Porosity For Type 2, and when specified for Type 1, copper plate shall be nonporous so

35、 as not to give a blue color when tested for five minutes with potassium ferricyanide solution of the approximate composition shown in Table 1. Table 1 - Potassium ferricyanide test solution Ingredient Quantity Potassium ferricyanide 10 grams Sodium chloride 5 grams Water 100 mL 3.4.2.1 As an altern

36、ative, the modified ferroxyl test of ASTM B734 may be used. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2418J Page 5 of 8 3.4.3 Adhesion Plating shall be firmly bonded to the basis metal when tested in accordance with any of the following methods. 3.4.3.1 The plating shall be scraped through to the basis metal with a shar

37、p knife or awl to expose the basis metal and examined at approximately 5X magnification for evidence of flaking or separation. 3.4.3.1.1 The basis metal shall be bent or deformed as required to cause it to crack, and examined at approximately 5X magnification for evidence of flaking or separation of

38、 the plating. 3.4.3.1.2 The burnishing test, draw test, or heat quench test of ASTM B571. 3.4.4 Hydrogen Embrittlement The plating process after baking shall not cause hydrogen embrittlement in steel parts 40 HRC and over, determined in accordance with 4.3.3.2. 3.4.5 Solderability When specified by

39、the cognizant engineering organization, acceptable solderability shall be determined by ASTM B678 (steam aging does not apply). The solderability sample(s) shall show no evidence of separation of the copper plate from the basis metal when evaluated in accordance with ASTM B678. 3.5 Quality Copper pl

40、ate, as received by purchaser, shall be smooth, continuous, adherent to basis metal, uniform in appearance, and not coarsely crystalline, and shall be free from pin holes, porosity, blisters, nodules, pits, and other imperfections detrimental to usage of the plate. Slight staining or discoloration i

41、s permissible. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The processor shall supply all test specimens for processors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Where parts are to be tested, such parts shall be supplied by purchaser. The cogniza

42、nt engineering organization reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that processing conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Thickness (3.4.1), porosity for Type 2 and when specified for Type 1 (3.4

43、.2), and quality (3.5) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on parts, or specimens representing parts when permitted herein, with each lot. (see 4.3.3). 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Adhesion (3.4.3) is a periodic test that shall be performed no less than daily for each generic class of alloy as defin

44、ed by AS2390 processed during that day.Hydrogen embrittlement (3.4.4) is a periodic test and shall be performed at least once each month that steel parts 40 HRC and over are plated. Solderability, when specified (3.4.5), is a periodic test and shall be performed at least once each month that parts a

45、re plated. Tests of cleaning and plating solutions are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency established by the processor unless test frequency is specified by the cognizant engineering organization (see 8.6 and 4.4.3). 4.2.3 Preproduction Tests All property verification tests (3.4) a

46、re preproduction tests and shall be performed prior to production and when the cognizant engineering organization requires confirmatory testing. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS2418J Page 6 of 8 4.3 Sampling for Testing 4.3.1 Acceptance Tests Test samples shall be randomly selected from all parts in the lot. A

47、 lot shall be all parts of the same part number, processed in a continuous series of operations (3.1 through 3.3), in not longer than 24 consecutive hours, and presented for processors inspection at one time. Unless the cognizant engineering organization provides a sampling plan, the minimum number

48、of samples shall be as shown in Table 2. Table 2 - Sampling for acceptance tests Number of Parts in Lot Quality Porosity and Thickness 1 to 6 All All or 3* 7 to 15 7 4 16 to 40 10 4 41 to 110 15 5 111 to 300 25 6 301 to 500 35 7 501 to 700 50 8 701 to 1200 75 10 Over 1200 125 15 *Whichever is less.

49、4.3.2 Preproduction and Periodic Tests Sample quantity for hydrogen embrittlement, sample size is specified in ASTM F519 unless otherwise specified by the cognizant engineering organization (see 4.3.3.2). For adhesion tests, four test specimens of each generic class of alloy, as defined by AS2390, that have been be processed through the same cleaning and plating operations as the parts that they represent. Th