1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AMS6516B AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS6516 REV. B Issued 2011-07 Revised 2017-11 Superse
5、ding AMS6516A Steel, Bars and Forgings 1Cr 10Ni 7Co 2Mo 1.3W 0.1V (0.28 0.32C) Vacuum Induction Melted, Vacuum Arc Remelted, Normalized and Annealed Precipitation Hardenable (Composition similar to UNS K91973) RATIONALE AMS6516B results from a Five-Year Review and update of this specification that r
6、emoves restriction of using only wet chemical methods (3.1), revises heat treatment (34), removes size restriction on macrostructure (3.5.1), revises microstructure to Method D (3.5.2) , adds strain rate control on tensile testing (3.5.3.1.1), revises quality (3.6.2), reporting (4.4) and identificat
7、ion (5.2). 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality alloy steel in the form of bars and forgings 189 in2 (1219 cm2) and under in cross-sectional area and forging stock of any size. 1.2 Application These products have been used typically for heat treated parts requiring
8、a combination of high strength, high toughness, and weldability, but usage is not limited to such applications. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may
9、 work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 40
10、0 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2251 Tolerances Low-Alloy Steel Bars AMS2259 Chemical Check Analysis Limits Wrought Low-Alloy and Carbon Steels SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6516B Page 2 of 9 AMS2300
11、Steel Cleanliness, Premium Aircraft-Quality Magnetic Particle Inspection Procedure AMS2310 Qualification Sampling and Testing of Steels for Transverse Tensile Properties AMS2370 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Wrought Products and Forging Stock AMS2372 Quality Assur
12、ance Sampling and Testing Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS2806 Identification Bars, Wire, Mechanical Tubing, and Extrusions Carbon and Alloy Steels and Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys AMS2808 Identification Forgings ARP1917 Clarification of Terms Used in Aeros
13、pace Metals Specifications AS1182 Standard Stock Removal Allowance Aircraft-Quality and Premium Aircraft-Quality Steel Bars and Mechanical Tubing 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.as
14、tm.org. ASTM A370 Mechanical Testing of Steel Products ASTM A604 Macroetch Testing of Consumable Electrode Remelted Steel Bars and Billets ASTM E45 Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel ASTM E112 Determining Average Grain Size ASTM E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among B
15、rinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness ASTM E353 Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys ASTM E399 Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic
16、Materials 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined in accordance with ASTM E353, by spectrochemical methods, or by other analytical methods acceptable to purchaser. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6516B Page 3 of 9 Table 1 - Composition E
17、lement Min Max Carbon Manganese Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chromium Nickel Cobalt Molybdenum Tungsten Titanium Aluminum Vanadium Oxygen Nitrogen 0.28 - - - - 0.7 9.5 6.6 1.8 1.1 - - 0.04 - - 0.32 0.1 0.1 0.008 0.006 1.3 10.5 7.4 2.2 1.5 0.045 0.01 0.16 0.0020 (20 ppm) 0.0015 (15 ppm) 3.1.1 Check Anal
18、ysis Composition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2259. 3.2 Melting Practice Steel shall be multiple melted using vacuum induction melting followed by vacuum arc remelting. 3.3 Condition The product shall be supplied in the following condition; hardness shall be determined in
19、accordance with ASTM A370: 3.3.1 Bars Normalized and annealed, having hardness not higher than 429 HB or equivalent (see 8.2), and ground or turned. Bar shall not be cut from plate (also see 4.4.2). 3.3.2 Forgings Normalized and annealed, having hardness not higher than 429 HB or equivalent (see 8.2
20、), and descaled. 3.3.3 Forging Stock As ordered by the forging manufacturer. 3.4 Heat Treatment Shall conform to the following: 3.4.1 Bars and Forgings Shall be normalized by heating to 1965 F 25 F (1074 C 14 C) for a time commensurate with section thickness, 60 minutes minimum, and cooling in air t
21、o room temperature, and annealed by heating to between 1155 and 1255 F (624 and 679 C), holding at heat for 8 hours minimum, and air cooled. Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750. 3.4.2 Forging Stock As ordered by the forging manufacturer. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6516B Page 4 of 9 3.5 Propertie
22、s The product shall conform to the following requirements.: 3.5.1 Macrostructure Visual examination of transverse full cross-sections from bars, billets, and forging stock, etched in hot hydrochloric acid in accordance with ASTM A604, shall show no pipe or cracks. Porosity, segregation, inclusions,
23、and other imperfections shall be no worse than the macrostructure limits of ASTM A604 shown in Table 2. Table 2 - Macrostructure limits Class Condition Severity 1 2 3 4 Freckles White Spots Radial Segregation Ring Pattern A A B B 3.5.2 Micro-Inclusion Rating of Each Heat No specimen shall exceed the
24、 limits shown in Table 3 determined in accordance with ASTM E45, Method D. Table 3 - Micro-inclusion rating limits Type A Thin A Heavy B Thin B Heavy C Thin C Heavy D Thin D Heavy Worst Field Severity 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 Worst Field Frequency, maximum (a) 1 (a) 1 (a) 1 3 1 Total Rateable
25、 Fields, Frequency, maximum (b) 1 (b) 1 (b) 1 8 1 (a) Combined A+B+C; not more than 3 fields (b) Combined A+B+C; not more than 8 fields 3.5.3 Response to Heat Treatment 3.5.3.1 Bars and Forgings Test specimens in the normalized and annealed condition as specified in 3.4.1, cut from product 189 in2 (
26、1219 cm2) and under in cross-sectional area, shall meet the properties specified in 3.5.3.1.1, 3.5.3.1.2, 3.5.3.1.3, and 3.5.3.1.4 after being solution treated by heating to 1940 F 25 F (1060 C 14 C), holding at heat for 60 minutes + 30, -0 minutes, quenching in oil (or equivalent), cooling to -100
27、F (-73 C) or lower, holding at temperature for minimum 1 hour, and air warming to room temperature; and tempered by heating to 960 F 12 F (516 C 7 F), holding at heat for 10 hours 2 hours, and cooling in air (or equivalent). 3.5.3.1.1 Tensile Properties In accordance with ASTM A370. Unless otherwise
28、 specified, the strain rate shall be set at 0.005 inch/inch/minute (0.005 mm/mm/minute) and maintained within a tolerance of 0.002 inch/inch/minute (0.002 mm/mm/minute) through 0.2% offset yield strain. After the yield strain, the speed of the testing machine shall be set between 0.05 and 0.5 inch/i
29、nch (mm/mm) of the length of the reduced section (or distance between the grips for specimens not having a reduced section) per minute. Alternatively, an extensometer and strain rate indicator may be used to set the strain rate between 0.05 and 0.5 inch/inch/min (mm/mm/minute). SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS
30、6516B Page 5 of 9 3.5.3.1.1.1 Longitudinal Shall be as shown in Table 4; testing in the longitudinal direction need not be performed on product tested in the transverse direction. Table 4 - Minimum longitudinal tensile properties Property Value Tensile Strength 285 ksi (1965 MPa) Yield Strength at 0
31、.2% Offset 240 ksi (1655 MPa) Elongation in 4D 10% Reduction of Area 55% 3.5.3.1.1.2 Transverse Shall be as shown in Table 5, determined on specimens selected and prepared in accordance with AMS2310. Transverse properties apply only to product from which tensile specimens not less than 2.50 inches (
32、63.5 mm) in length can be taken. Table 5 - Minimum transverse tensile properties Property Value Tensile Strength 285 ksi (1965 MPa) Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 240 ksi (1655 MPa) Elongation in 4D 10% Reduction of Area 45% 3.5.3.1.2 Hardness Shall be not lower than 53 HRC or equivalent (see 8.2) in
33、 accordance with ASTM A370. 3.5.3.1.3 Fracture Toughness Shall be not lower than 100 ksi (110 MPa ) KIC, determined in accordance with ASTM E399 on specimens in the longitudinal LS or LR orientation from product 3.00 inches (76.2 mm) and over in nominal section thickness. If product size precludes u
34、se of specimens that will provide valid KIC results, a KQ value not lower than 100 ksi (110 MPa ) will be acceptable. 3.5.3.1.3.1 Invalid test results in accordance with ASTM E399 shall be considered meaningful and the material shall be accepted to KIC requirements if the thickest possible specimen
35、was used and the calculated KQ equals or exceeds the required KIC and invalidity is due to one or both of the following conditions: a. B1.10 3.5.3.1.4 Average Grain Size Shall be ASTM No. 4 or finer for product 189 in2 (1219 cm2) and under in cross-sectional area, determined in accordance with ASTM
36、E112. 3.5.3.1.5 Mechanical property requirements for product outside of the range covered by 1.1 shall be agreed upon between purchaser and producer. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6516B Page 6 of 9 3.5.3.2 Forging Stock A sample of stock shall be forged to a test coupon and heat treated as in 3.5.3.1, specim
37、ens taken from the heat treated coupon shall conform to the requirements of 3.5.3.1.1, 3.5.3.1.2, 3.5.3.1.3, and 3.5.3.1.4. Alternatively, specimens taken from stock after heat treatment as in 3.5.3.1 that conform to the requirements of 3.5.3.1.1, 3.5.3.1.2, 3.5.3.1.3, and 3.5.3.1.4, shall be accept
38、ed as equivalent to tests of a forged coupon. 3.6 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product. 3.6.1 Steel shall be premium aircraft-quality conforming to A
39、MS2300. 3.6.2 Bars shall be free from seams, laps, tears, and cracks after removal of the standard stock removal allowance in accordance with AS1182. 3.6.3 Grain flow of die forgings, except in areas that contain flash-line end grain, shall follow the general contour of the forgings showing no evide
40、nce of reentrant grain flow. 3.7 Tolerances Bars shall conform to all applicable requirements of AMS2251. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The purchaser of the product shall supply all samples for purchasers tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all r
41、equired tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests The following requirements are acceptance tests and shall be performed on e
42、ach heat or lot as applicable: 4.2.1.1 Composition (3.1), macrostructure (3.5.1), and micro-inclusion rating (3.5.2) of each heat. 4.2.1.2 Hardness maximum (3.3.1) of as supplied normalized and annealed product of each lot of bars and forgings. 4.2.1.3 Tensile properties (3.5.3.1.1), hardness (3.5.3
43、.1.2), fracture toughness (3.5.3.1.3), and average grain size (3.5.3.1.4) of each lot of bars and forgings after heat treatment as specified in 3.5.3.1. 4.2.1.4 Tolerances (3.7) of bars. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests The following requirements are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency selected
44、 by the purchaser unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser: 4.2.2.1 Ability of forging stock to develop required properties (3.5.3.2). 4.2.2.2 Frequency-severity cleanliness rating (3.6.1). 4.2.2.3 Grain flow of die forgings (3.6.3). SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6516B Page 7 of 9 4.3 Sampling a
45、nd Testing 4.3.1 For Acceptance Tests 4.3.1.1 Bars and Forging Stock In accordance with AMS2370. 4.3.1.2 Forgings In accordance with AMS2372. 4.4 Reports 4.4.1 The purchaser of bars and forgings shall furnish with each shipment a report showing producer identity, country where the metal was melted (
46、e.g., final melt in the case of metal processed by multiple melting operations), the results of tests for chemical composition, macrostructure, and micro-inclusion rating of each heat, and for tensile properties, hardness, fracture toughness and average grain size of each lot, and stating that the p
47、roduct conforms to the other technical requirements. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS6516B, product form and size (and/or part number, if applicable), and quantity. If forgings are supplied, the size and melt source of stock used to make the forgings sha
48、ll also be included. 4.4.2 Report the nominal metallurgically worked cross sectional size and the cut size, if different (also see 3.3.1). 4.4.3 The purchaser of forging stock shall furnish with each shipment a report showing producer identity, country where the metal was melted (e.g., final melt in
49、 the case of metal processed by multiple melting operations), the results of tests for composition, macrostructure, and micro-inclusion rating of each heat and the results of any additional property requirements imposed by 8.5. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat number, AMS6516B, size and quantity. 4.4.4 When material produced to this specification is
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