1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2014 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publi
3、cation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (out
4、side USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS6945BAEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONAMS6945 REV. BIssued 2005-08Revised 2014-04Supersedin
5、g AMS6945ATitanium Alloy, Single Melt, Sheet, Strip, and Plate6Al - 4VAnnealed(Composition similar to UNS R56400)RATIONALEAMS6945B results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification that includes the removal of the additonal sample size allowance for hydrogen from Table 1, requires ult
6、rasonic testing of all plate 0.500 inch (12.70 mm) and over (3.6.1), includes the addition of AS6279 (3.8) and AMS2368 (4.3), and revises the report paragraph (4.4).1. SCOPE1.1 FormThis specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate from 0.020 inch (0.50 mm) through 4.0
7、00 inches (101.6 mm) inclusive in thickness.1.2 ApplicationThese products have been used typically for parts requiring strength up to 750 F (400 C), but usage is not limited to such applications.1.2.1 Certain processing procedures and service conditions may cause these products to become subject to
8、stress-corrosion cracking; ARP982 recommends practices to minimize such conditions.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision
9、 of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.2.1 SAE PublicationsAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale
10、, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AMS2242 Tolerances, Corrosion and Heat Resistant Steel, Iron Alloy, Titanium, and Titanium Alloy Sheet, Strip, and PlateAMS2249 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Titanium and Titanium AlloysSAE INTERN
11、ATIONAL AMS6945B Page 2 of 7AMS2368 Sampling and Testing of Wrought Titanium Raw Materials, Except Forging and Forging StockAMS2631 Ultrasonic Inspection, Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bar and BilletAMS2750 PyrometryAMS2809 Identification, Titanium and Titanium Alloy Wrought ProductsARP982 Minimizing
12、Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Wrought Titanium Alloy ProductsAS6279 Industry Standard Practices for Production, Distribution, and Procurement of Metal Stock2.2 ASTM PublicationsAvailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585
13、, www.astm.org.ASTM E 8 / E 8M Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsASTM E 290 Bend Testing Material for DuctilityASTM E 384 Knoop and Vickers Hardness of MaterialsASTM E 539 Analysis of Titanium Alloys by X-Ray Fluorescence SpectrometryASTM E 1409 Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium an
14、d Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion TechniqueASTM E 1447 Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection MethodASTM E 1941 Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis
15、ASTM E 2371 Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled Atomic Emission Spectrometry3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS3.1 CompositionShall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1; carbon shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E 1941, hydrogen i
16、n accordance with ASTM E 1447, oxygen and nitrogen in accordance with ASTM E 1409, and other elements in accordance with ASTM E 539 or ASTM E 2371. Other analytical methods may be used if acceptable to purchaser.TABLE 1 - COMPOSITIONElement min maxAluminum 5.50 6.75Vanadium 3.50 4.50Iron - 0.30Oxyge
17、n - 0.20Carbon - 0.08Nitrogen - 0.05 (500 ppm)Hydrogen - 0.015 (150 ppm)Yttrium (3.1.1) - 0.005 ( 50 ppm)Other Elements, each (3.1.1) - 0.10Other Elements, total (3.1.1) - 0.40Titanium remainderSAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6945B Page 3 of 73.1.1 Determination not required for routine acceptance.3.1.2 Check
18、AnalysisComposition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2249.3.2 Melting Practice3.2.1 Alloy shall be single cold hearth melted. Either electron beam cold hearth melting or plasma arc cold hearth melting may be used.3.2.1.1 The melt source shall establish effective control proced
19、ures, including parameters for the critical variables that will consistently produce material suitable for the production of strip, sheet and plate meeting the requirements of this specification.3.2.1.2 Controls shall include but are not limited to:a. Raw Materials (including formulation, preparatio
20、n and consolidation)b. Furnace Preparationc. Melting and Casting Parameters (including practices to deal with unplanned melt interruptions)d. Furnace Atmospheree. Compositional Testingf. Condensate Control and Fall-In (Electron Beam)g. Inert Gas Entrapment (Plasma)h. Withdrawal Time of Ingot or Slab
21、 from the Hearth Furnace3.3 ConditionThe product shall be supplied in the following condition:3.3.1 Sheet and StripHot rolled with or without subsequent cold reduction, annealed, descaled, and leveled, having a surface appearance comparable to a commercial corrosion-resistant steel No. 2D finish (Se
22、e 8.2).3.3.2 PlateHot rolled, annealed, descaled, and flattened, having a surface appearance comparable to a commercial corrosion-resistant steel No. 1 finish (See 8.2). Plate product shall be produced using standard industry practices designed strictly for the production of plate stock to the procu
23、red thickness. Bar, billet, forgings, or forging stock shall not be supplied in lieu of plate.3.4 AnnealingThe product shall be annealed by heating to a temperature within the range 1300 to 1650 F (740 to 899 C), holding at the selected temperature within 25 F (14 C) for a time commensurate with pro
24、duct thickness and the heating equipment and procedure used, and cooling at a rate which will produce product meeting the requirements of 3.5. Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6945B Page 4 of 73.5 PropertiesThe product shall conform to the following requirements and
25、 shall meet the requirements of 3.5.1 and 3.5.2 after being reheated in air to 1325 F 15 (718 C 8), held at heat for 20 minutes 2, cooled at a rate equivalent to an air cool or slower, and descaled.3.5.1 Tensile PropertiesShall be as specified in Table 2, determined in accordance with ASTM E 8 / E 8
26、M with the rate of strain set at 0.005 inch/inch/minute (0.005 mm/mm/minute) and maintained within a tolerance of 0.002 inch/inch/minute (0.002 mm/mm/minute) through the 0.2% offset yield strain.TABLE 2A - MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIES, INCH/POUND UNITSNominal Thickness, InchesTensile Strength, (ksi)Yi
27、eld Strength at 0.2% Offset, (ksi)Elongation in 2 Inches or 4D, %0.020 to 0.025 excl 146 133 60.025 to 0.063 excl 146 133 70.063 to 0.1874 incl 146 133 80.1875 to 1.000 incl 137 123 81.001 to 2.000 incl 132 122 82.001 to 3.000 incl 129 119 83.001 to 4.000 incl 129 115 8TABLE 2B - MINIMUM TENSILE PRO
28、PERTIES, SI UNITSNominal Thickness, millimetersTensile Strength, (MPa)Yield Strength At 0.2% Offset, (MPa)Elongation in 50.8 mm or 4D, %0.50 to 0.63 excl 1000 922 60.63 to 1.60 excl 1000 922 71.60 to 4.76 incl 1000 922 84.77 to 25.4 incl 944 848 825.42 to 50.8 incl 910 841 851.82 to 76.2 incl 889 82
29、0 876.23 to 101.6 incl 889 792 83.5.1.1 Tensile property requirements apply in both the longitudinal and transverse directions but tests in the transverse direction need be made only on product from which a specimen not less than 8.0 inches (205 mm) in length for sheet and strip and 2.50 inches (65
30、mm) in length for plate can be taken. Tests in the transverse direction are not required on product tested in the longitudinal direction.3.5.1.2 Mechanical property requirements for product outside the range covered by Table 2 shall be agreed upon between purchaser and producer.3.5.2 BendingProduct
31、under 0.1875 inch (4.762 mm) in nominal thickness, shall have a test sample prepared nominally 0.750 inch (19.06 mm) in width, with its axis of bending parallel to the direction of rolling. The sample shall be bend tested in conformance with the guided bend test defined in ASTM E 290 through an angl
32、e of 105 degrees. The test fixture supports shall have a contact radius 0.010 inch (0.25 mm) minimum, and the plunger shall have a radius equal to the bend factor shown in Table 3 times the nominal thickness. Examination of the bent sample shall show no evidence of cracking when examined at 15 to 25
33、X magnification.TABLE 3 - BENDING PARAMETERSNominal Thickness (inch) Nominal Thickness (mm) Bend FactorUp to 0.070, incl Up to 1.78, incl 4.5Over 0.070 to 0.1874, incl Over 1.78 to 4.76 incl 5SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6945B Page 5 of 73.5.3 MicrostructureShall be that structure resulting from alpha-beta
34、processing. Microstructure shall conform to 3.5.3.1, or 3.5.3.2, or 3.5.3.3, or 3.5.3.4. A microstructure showing a continuous network of alpha in prior beta grain boundaries is not acceptable.3.5.3.1 Lamellar alpha with some equiaxed alpha in a transformed beta matrix.3.5.3.2 Equiaxed alpha in a tr
35、ansformed beta matrix.3.5.3.3 Equiaxed alpha and elongated alpha in a transformed beta matrix.3.5.3.4 Partially broken and distorted grain boundary alpha with plate-like alpha.3.5.4 Surface ContaminationThe product shall be free of any oxygen-rich layer, such as alpha case, or other surface contamin
36、ation, determined as in any one of the following: 3.5.4.1, 3.5.4.2, 3.5.4.3, or other method agreed upon by purchaser and vendor.3.5.4.1 The bend test of 3.5.2.3.5.4.2 Microscopic examination at 400X minimum.3.5.4.3 A surface hardness more than 40 points higher than subsurface hardness, determined i
37、n accordance with ASTM E 384 on the Knoop scale using a 200-gram load, shall be evidence of unacceptable surface contamination.3.6 QualityThe product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from “oil cans” (See 8.3.1) of depth in excess of the flatness t
38、olerances, ripples, and foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product.3.6.1 Plate 0.500 inch (12.70 mm) and over in nominal thickness shall be ultrasonically inspected in accordance with AMS2631and shall meet Class A1 requirements of AMS2631.3.7 TolerancesShall conform
39、 to all applicable requirements of AMS2242.3.7.1 Special flatness may be specified for plate; in which case, the special flatness tolerances of AMS2242 apply.3.8 Production, distribution, and procurement of metal stock shall comply with AS6279. This requirement becomes effective October 1, 2015.4. Q
40、UALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS4.1 Responsibility for InspectionThe vendor of the product shall supply all samples for vendors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensu
41、re that the product conforms to specified requirements.4.2 Classification of Tests4.2.1 Acceptance TestsComposition (3.1), condition (3.3), tensile properties (3.5.1), bending (3.5.2), microstructure (3.5.3), surface contamination(3.5.4), and tolerances (3.7) are acceptance tests and shall be perfor
42、med on each heat or lot as applicable.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS6945B Page 6 of 74.2.1.1 Ultrasonic quality (3.6.1) of each plate, when required, is an acceptance test.4.2.2 Periodic TestsReheated tensile properties (3.5.1) and reheated bending properties (3.5.2) are periodic tests and shall be performed
43、 at a frequency selected by the vendor unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser.4.3 Sampling and TestingShall be in accordance with AMS2368 and the following; a lot shall be all product of the same nominal size from the same heat processed at the same time:4.3.1 For Acceptance Tests4.3.
44、1.1 CompositionTwo samples shall be taken from each heat, one within twelve inches of the bottom of the first ingot cast and one within twelve inches of the top of the last ingot cast. Hydrogen determination shall be made on one sample from each lot obtained after thermal and chemical processing is
45、completed.4.3.1.2 Tensile Properties, Bending, Microstructure, and Surface ContaminationOne or more samples from each lot.4.3.1.2.1 Specimens for tensile tests of widths 9 inches (230 mm) and over shall be taken with the axis of the specimen perpendicular to the direction of rolling; for widths unde
46、r 9 inches (230 mm), specimens shall be taken with the axis parallel to the direction of rolling. Specimens from product under 2 inches (50 mm) in width shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and vendor.4.4 Reports4.4.1 The producer shall provide with each shipment a report showing producer identity,
47、country where the metal was melted (i.e., final melt in the case of metal processed by multiple melting operations), the results of tests for composition of each heat and for hydrogen content, tensile properties, bending, and surface contamination of each lot, ultrasonic inspection of each plate, wh
48、en required, and stating that the product conforms to the other technical requirements. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS6945B, product form, size, specific annealing treatment used, and quantity.4.4.2 When the product size is outside the range covered by
49、 Table 2, the report shall contain a statement to that effect.4.5 Resampling and RetestingIf any specimen used in the above tests fails to meet the specified requirements, disposition of the product may be based on the results of testing three additional specimens for each original nonconforming specimen. Failure of any retest specimen to meet the specified requirements shall be cause for rejection of the product represe
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