SAE ARP 1110C-2015 Minimizing Stress Corrosion Cracking in Wrought Forms of Steels and Corrosion Resistant Steels and Alloys.pdf

1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref

2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2015 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publi

3、cation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (out

4、side USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP1110CAEROSPACERECOMMENDED PRACTICEARP1110 REV. CIssued 1969-11Revised 2015-08Superseding A

5、RP1110BMinimizing Stress Corrosion Cracking in Wrought Forms of Steelsand Corrosion Resistant Steels and AlloysRATIONALEARP1110C is a Five-Year Review and update of this specification.1. SCOPEThe purpose of this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to provide the aerospace industry with recom

6、mendations concerning the minimization of stress corrosion cracking in wrought heat-treatable carbon and low alloy steels and in austenitic, precipitation hardenable, and martensitic corrosion-resistant steels and alloys.The detailed recommendations are based on laboratory and field experience and r

7、eflect those design practices and fabrication procedures which should avoid in-service stress corrosion cracking.2. REFERENCES2.1 Applicable DocumentsThe following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicab

8、le issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulat

9、ions unless a specific exemption has been obtained.2.1.1 SAE PublicationsAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.orgAMS2430 Shot PeeningAMS2431 Peening Media, General Requ

10、irementsAMS2432 Shot Peening, Computer MonitoredSAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1110C Page 2 of 52.1.2 ASTM PublicationsAvailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM G49 Preparation and Use of Direct Tension Stre

11、ss-Corrosion Test SpecimensASTM G58 Preparation of Stress Corrosion Test Specimens for Weldments2.1.3 Other PublicationsDamage Tolerant Design Handbook, MCIC-HB-01, Air Force Materials Lab, Air Force Flight Dynamics LaboratoryAerospace Structural Metals Handbook (formerly AFML-TR-68-115), CINDAS/Pur

12、due University, West Lafayette, IN 47907Deformation and Fracture Mechanics of Engineering Materials, Richard W. Hertzberg, Materials Research Center, Lehigh University, Wiley Publishing, ISBN 0471012149Corrosion Engineering, Fontana and Greene, McGraw-Hill Book Company, ISBN 00729397372.2 Definition

13、s2.2.1 STRESS CORROSION CRACKINGThe combined action of sustained tensile stresses and corrosion to cause premature failure (see 5.2).2.2.2 The relative resistance of a material and its thermomechanical condition (heat treatment or degree of work hardening) to stress corrosion cracking is characteriz

14、ed by the following terms:2.2.2.1 LOW RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION CRACKINGThe material and condition are generally susceptible to stress corrosion cracking.2.2.2.2 MODERATE RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION CRACKINGThe material and condition are not generally susceptible to stress corrosion cracking

15、, but conditions of high stress or aggressive environments have been shown to result in stress corrosion cracking.2.2.2.3 HIGH RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION CRACKINGThe material and condition are not likely to exhibit stress corrosion cracking under a wide range of exposure environments.3. GENERAL3

16、.1 The following three conditions must be present for stress corrosion cracking to occur:a. An alloy and material condition that is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking.b. A sustained or residual tensile stress that, especially if associated with geometric features (e.g., notches, corners) orsur

17、face discontinuities that generate a stress intensity that exceeds the threshold for the specific alloy/condition/environment combination.c. A specific corrosive environment that the alloy and material condition is susceptible.SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1110C Page 3 of 53.2 Stress corrosion cracking growt

18、h rates are accelerated by increasing stress, temperature, and concentration of the contaminating environment.3.3 Carbon and low alloy steels with an ultimate tensile strength below 180 ksi (1241 MPa) are generally resistant to stress corrosion. At ultimate tensile strengths above 180 ksi (1241 MPa)

19、 and below 200 ksi (1379 MPa), these steels generally have moderate resistance to stress corrosion. Above 200 ksi (1379 MPa) ultimate tensile strength, these steels generally have poor resistance to stress corrosion except for AISI 1095 and music wire, both of which have high resistance to stress co

20、rrosion. Surface treatments such as carburizing, carbonitriding, and induction hardening will increase the susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking.3.4 The relative stress corrosion resistance of various stainless steels and corrosion resistant alloys when exposed to saltwater, seacoast environme

21、nt or mild industrial environments at ambient temperature are shown in Table 1.Table 1 - Relative resistance of wrought austenitic, precipitation hardenable, andmartensitic corrosion-resistant steels to stress corrosion cracking (4)Alloy UNSCondition forHigh ResistanceCondition forModerate Resistanc

22、eCondition forLow Resistance300 Series Stainless Steel (2)A286 Stainless SteelAlmar 362 Stainless SteelCustom 450, 455 Stainless Steel15-5PH Stainless SteelPH15-7Mo Stainless Steel403, 410, 431 Stainless SteelPH13-8Mo Stainless Steel17-4PH Stainless SteelNitronic 32440C Stainless SteelNitronic 6017-

23、7PH Stainless SteelAM350, AM355 Stainless Steel21-6-9 Stainless Steel20Cb-3 Stainless SteelNitronic 33 (3)-S66286S36200S4500, S45500S15500S15700S40300, S41000, S43100S13800S17400S24100S44004S21800S17700S35000, S35500S21904N08020S24000AllAllH1000 and aboveH1000 and aboveH1000 and aboveCH900-Annealed-

24、CH900SCT1000 however, the following are some important considerations (see 5.6 and 5.7).4.3.1 Conditions that decrease the potential for corrosion generally decrease the potential for stress corrosion cracking.4.3.2 Organic coatings are generally helpful in minimizing stress corrosion if they are ad

25、herent and nonporous. However, their adhesion to stainless steel and corrosion resistant alloys in demanding environments may not be sufficient to provide protection.SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1110C Page 5 of 54.3.3 Metal platings can improve resistance to stress corrosion cracking if they are ductile, fr

26、ee from porosity, and themselves resistant to general corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.5. NOTES5.1 Assembly residual stresses result from improper tolerances during fit-up, overtorquing, press fits, high interference fasteners, and welding. Residual stresses are also present in components fro

27、m machining, forming, and heat treating.5.2 Sustained stress is the term used to differentiate from dynamic or cyclic stress.5.3 Comparative stress corrosion thresholds can be determined for materials for certain controlled conditions of test. Estimates of the stress corrosion threshold for a specif

28、ic service application must be determined for each alloy and heat treatment using a test piece, stressing procedure, and corrosive environment that are appropriate for intended service.5.4 Where applications involve unfamiliar materials or unusual combinations of materials and environments, it will

29、be necessary to conduct a detailed evaluation of susceptibility. The use of ASTM G49 and ASTM G58 is recommended.5.5 Heat affected zones of weldments are particularly susceptible to stress corrosion. Stress corrosion cracking can also occur in the weld bead in addition to the heat affected zone. Met

30、hods for increasing the stress corrosion resistance of weldments include proper selection of filler wire and selection of the proper preweld temper and postweld stress relief.5.6 The corroding media need not be present in large quantities or high concentrations in the bulk environment to cause stres

31、s corrosion cracking.5.7 Corrosive environments that can cause stress corrosion cracking often cause little or no general attack. Stress corrosion cracks are brittle in macroscopic appearance even though the alloy may behave in a ductile manner in a normal tensile fracture. Branching of the crack ma

32、y or may not be present. Cracking may be intergranular or transgranular.5.8 Metallurgical factors such as chemical composition, grain orientation, amount of cold work, and carbide distributioncan affect susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking. Stress corrosion cracking resistance is less when th

33、e sustained tensile stress is applied in a direction perpendicular to the direction of grain flow.5.9 Stresses are additive and the vector sum of all stresses (assembly, residual, operational, etc.) should be used in determining the sustained tensile stress.5.10 A change bar (l) located in the left

34、margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications nor in documents that contain editorial changes only.PREPARED BY AMS COMMITTEE “E”