SAE ARP 1199B-1998 Selection Application and Inspection of Electric Overcurrent Protective Devices《(R)电气过电流保护设备的选择 应用与检查》.pdf

1、SAE-ARP1199ADOPTION NOTICESAE-ARP1199, “DEVICES, ELECTRIC OVERCURRENT PROTECTIVE,SELECTION, APPLICATION, AND INSPECTION OF“, was adopted on12-MAR-84 for use by the Department of Defense (DoD). Proposedchanges by DoD activities must be submitted to the DoD AdoptingActivity: Defense Supply Center Colu

2、mbus, P.O. Box 3990, Attn: DSCC-VAI, Columbus, OH 43216-5000. Copies of this document maybe purchased from the Society of Automotive Engineers 400Commonwealth Drive Warrendale, Pennsylvania, United States,15096-0001. http:/www.sae.org/_Custodians: Adopting Activity:DLA - CCArmy - CRNavy - ASAir Forc

3、e - 11DLA - CCReviewer Activities:Army - AR, AT, CR4, MINavy - ECAir Force - 99FSC 5925DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distributionis unlimited.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen

4、se from IHS-,-SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and enginee ring sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement a

5、rising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invit es your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 1998 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved.

6、 Printed in U.S.A.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8510 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.org400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001AEROS PACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICESubmitted for recognition as an America

7、n National StandardARP1199 RE V. BIssued 1972-08Revised 1998-11Superseding ARP1199A(R) Selection, Application, and InspectionofElectric Overcurrent Protective DevicesTABLE OF CONTENTS1. SCOPE 42. REFERENCES 42.1 Applicable Documents . 42.2 Definitions 43. PHILOSOPHY OF AIRCRAFT CIRCUIT PROTECTION .

8、93.1 Practical Overcurrent Protective Concepts 103.2 Protector Selection . 103.2.1 Extent of Circuit Protection . 114. TYPES OF OVERCURRENT PROTECTIVE DEVICES 115. CIRCUIT BREAKERS 115.1 General 115.2 Magnetic Circuit Breakers 125.2.1 Magnetic Time-Delay (Typical) . 125.2.2 Instantaneous Trip . 135.

9、3 Thermal Circuit Breaker Types . 135.3.1 Thermal 135.3.2 Thermal-Magnetic Assist 145.3.3 Temperature Compensated-Thermal . 145.4 Remote Control Circuit Breakers (RCCB) 145.5 Electromechanical Power Controller (EMPC) (Hybrid Power Controller) . 155.6 Solid State Power Controller (SSPC) . 15Copyright

10、 SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE ARP1199 Revision B- 2 -TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)5.7 Application Considerations and Problem Areas for Circuit Breakers . 155.7.1 Explosive Atmosphere Aeron

11、autical Equipment 155.7.2 Temperature Effect on Calibration 155.7.3 Temperature Compensation . 155.7.4 Vibration . 165.7.5 Coordination of Cascaded Protectors 165.7.6 Interrupting Capacity (Rupture Capacity) . 165.7.7 Contamination 165.7.8 Circuit Breaker Endurance . 165.7.9 Change in Circuit Breake

12、r Trip Characteristics 175.7.10 Multipole Breakers . 175.7.11 Application Analysis . 185.8 Maintenance Procedures . 185.8.1 Visual Inspection Criteria for Circuit Breakers 185.8.2 Mechanical Inspection Criteria for Circuit Breakers . 185.9 Military Specifications Related to Circuit Breakers . 196. F

13、USES . 196.1 General 196.2 Fuse Types 196.2.1 Normal Fuses . 196.2.2 Time-Delay Fuses 196.2.3 Very Fast-Acting Fuses 206.2.4 Current-Limiting Fuses . 206.3 Performance of Fuses 206.3.1 Ratings . 206.3.2 Environmental 206.4 Application of Fuses . 216.4.1 Fuse Sizing - General 216.4.2 Component Protec

14、tion . 216.4.3 Selective Coordination of Fuses 226.4.4 Interrupting Capacity 226.5 Maintenance Procedures . 236.6 Military Specifications Available for Fuses and Fuseholders . 237. LIMITERS 247.1 General 247.2 Limiter Types 247.3 Performance of Limiters . 247.3.1 Ratings . 247.3.2 Environmental 24Co

15、pyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE ARP1199 Revision B- 3 -TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)7.4 Application of Limiters 257.4.1 General Sizing . 257.4.2 Circuit Breaker Backup Protection . 25

16、7.4.3 Short-Circuit Protection and Isolation of Multiple Cable Circuits 257.5 Maintenance of Limiters . 257.6 Military Specifications Available for Limiters and Limiter Holders 258. PERIODIC INSPECTION AND RELIABILITY TESTING . 268.1 Shelf Life 268.2 After Storage, Prior to Installation 268.3 After

17、Installation . 269. OTHER MILITARY SPECIFICATIONS RELATED TO AIRCRAFT CIRCUITAND EQUIPMENT PROTECTION 2610. NOTES . 26APPENDIX A COMPUTATION OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM FAULT CURRENTS 44APPENDIX B ADDITIONAL CRITERIA AND PART NUMBERS FOR CIRCUITBREAKER SELECTION 50APPENDIX C ADDITIONAL CRITERIA AND PAR

18、T NUMBERS FOR FUSE SELECTION 55Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE ARP1199 Revision B- 4 -1. SCOPE:This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides technical and application infor

19、mation needed by the designers of aircraft electric systems and support equipment for the selection of overcurrent protective devices. It provides definitions to permit comparisons of various electric circuit protective devices. Included also are recommended procedures for periodic visual and mechan

20、ical inspection criteria.2. REFERENCES:2.1 Applicable Documents:The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchas

21、e order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.2.1.1 Aircraft Industries of Americ

22、a (AIA) Publications: Available from Aerospace Industries Association, 1250 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Design Manual on Aircraft Electrical Installations - AIA2.1.2 Naval Air System Command Publications: Available from Naval Air Technical Services Facility, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia

23、, PA 19111-5097.Design of Electric Systems for Naval Aircraft and Missiles - NAVAIR 01-1A-5142.2 Definitions:The following definitions apply to terminology used in this document:AMBIENT TEMPERATURE: Ambient temperature is the temperature of the medium, such as air, water, or earth into which the hea

24、t of the device is dissipated.ARCING TIME: Arcing time (as used for fuses) is the time measured from that point when element melt time ends to that point when current is interrupted and permanently becomes zero. If a mechanical indicator (not presently recommended) is utilized which incorporated a s

25、econdary element parallel to the fusible element, arcing time will commence from the point at which indicator melt time ends.Arcing time (as used for breakers) is the time measured from that point when contacts first separate to that point when the current is interrupted and permanently becomes zero

26、.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE ARP1199 Revision B- 5 -2.2 (Continued):AUTOMATIC: Automatic means self-acting, operating by its own mechanism when actuated by some impersonal influ

27、ence, as for example, a change in current strength, pressure, temperature, or mechanical configuration.BLADE (KNIFE BLADE): A fuse or limiter terminal having a substantially rectangular cross-section.BRANCH CIRCUIT: That portion of a wiring system extending beyond the final overcurrent device protec

28、ting the circuit.CASCADE CIRCUIT: A circuit in which more than one protector is connected in series between the power source and the load (see Coordination).CIRCUIT BREAKER: A device designed to open and close a circuit by nonautomatic means, as well as to open the circuit automatically on a predete

29、rmined overload of current without injury to itself when properly applied within its rating.COMMON TRIP: A common-trip multipole circuit breaker is one in which an overload on any pole will cause all poles to open simultaneously.CONTINUOUS DUTY: A requirement of service that demands operation at a s

30、ubstantially constant load current for an indefinitely long time.COORDINATION: Coordination defines the ability of the protector with the lowest rating (in a cascade arrangement) to open before protectors with higher ratings when a fault occurs downstream from the lowest rated protector (see Cascade

31、 Circuit).CURRENT-LIMITATION: The ability of a protective device to reduce the short-circuit peak current to a value less than that which would be available if no protective device were in the circuit (see Figure 1B).CURRENT RATING (CONTINUOUS): The rated continuous current of a protective device is

32、 the nominal direct current or alternating current, in amperes, at rated frequency which it will carry continuously under defined conditions.CURRENT-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT (FUSIBLE ELEMENT): A current-responsive element is that part of the fuse or limiter which carries current and melts when the current

33、 exceeds a predetermined value.DUAL SAFETY CIRCUIT BREAKER: A circuit breaker with a secondary fusing element integrally linked to the operation of the main contacts, such that in the event of an overload, when the main contacts mechanism is disabled or malfunctional, the secondary fusing element in

34、terrupts the current before wire or system damage occurs.ELEMENT MELT TIME: The time elapsed from the moment a fusing current begins to flow to the moment the current sharply drops in value and arcing commences.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reprod

35、uction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE ARP1199 Revision B- 6 -2.2 (Continued):FAULT CURREN T: See Short-Circuit Current.FEEDER: A feeder is a circuit conductor originating at the power source bus from which the branch circuit loads are served.FERRULE: The ferrule is a fuse or

36、limiter terminal of a cylindrical shape which encloses the end of the fuse or limiter.FUSE: A device which protects a circuit by the melting of its current responsive element when an over-current passes through it.FUSE CLIPS: The contacts of the fuseholder which support the fuse or limiter and conne

37、ct their terminals with the circuit.FUSE OR LIMITER HOLDER: A mounting device with contacts and terminals for the purpose of accepting fuses or limiters for easy connection within a circuit.FUSE TUBE: A tube of insulating material which surrounds the current-responsive element.GROUND: A conducting c

38、onnection, whether intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit or equipment and airframe, or some conducting body which serves in place of the airframe.INDICATOR MELT TIME: The elapsed time from the moment element melt time ends and arcing commences is indicator melt time.INSTANTANEOUS

39、TRIP (OPENING): “Instantaneous“ indicates that delay is not purposely introduced into the action of the device.INTERMITTENT DUTY: A requirement of service that demands operation for alternate intervals of load and no load.INTERRUPTING CAPACITY: The rated interrupting capacity is the maximum short-ci

40、rcuit current at rated voltage which a protective device is required to interrupt under the operating duty specified and with a normal frequency recovery voltage not less than rated voltage (see Rupture Capacity).INVERSE-TIME: See Time-Inverse.LET-THROUGH CURRENT: The current that actually passes th

41、rough the protective device after initiation of a fault.LIMITER: A fuse designed specifically with a high temperature melting point to provide protection for electric power distribution systems against short-circuit current. A limiter is relatively insensitive to ambient temperature.Copyright SAE In

42、ternational Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE ARP1199 Revision B- 7 -2.2 (Continued):LINE OR LINE SIDE: The terminal or connection side of the protective device which is connected to the power source or to the p

43、ower side of the electrical system.LOAD OR LOAD SIDE: The terminal or connection side of the protective device which is connected to the load or the load side of the electrical system.MAXIMUM ULTIMATE TRIP LIMI T: The minimum current which will cause a circuit breaker to open under a given set of am

44、bient conditions. Also known as the “Rated Trip Current“.MECHANICAL INSPECTION: The physical activation of the mechanical mechanism without power applied and subsequent inspection.MELT TIME: See Element Melt Time.MINIMUM FUSING CURRENT: The smallest value of current that will melt the current respon

45、sive element at a specified ambient temperature is the minimum fusing current.MINIMUM ULTIMATE TRIP LIMIT: The maximum current a circuit breaker must hold without tripping under a given set of ambient conditions. Also known as the “Rated Hold Current“.MULTIPOLE CIRCUIT BREAKER: A multipole circuit b

46、reaker has two or more poles controlled by a single-actuating member.NONTRIP-FREE CIRCUIT BREAKER: A nontrip-free circuit breaker is a breaker so designed that the circuit can be maintained closed when carrying overload current that would automatically trip the breaker to the open position. (Not pre

47、sently recommended.)NORMAL OPENING FUSE (FAST-ACTING): A fuse which opens the circuit without deliberate time-delay. (Figure 1A shows relative opening time.)OVERCURRENT: Any current exceeding the rated current of the protective device (exceeding the maximum ultimate trip current for circuit breakers

48、). This includes both overload and short-circuit currents.OVERLOAD CURRENT: An overcurrent in excess of the current rating. The overload range is considered to be greater than the rated current up to approximately ten times rated current.PASS-THROUGH CURRENT: See Let-Through Current.PERIODIC DUTY: A

49、 type of intermittent duty in which the load conditions are regularly recurrent.PUSH-PULL CIRCUIT BREAKER: Push-pull circuit breakers are those which may be manually actuated by a “push“ to close and a “pull“ to open.RECOVERY VOLTAGE: The voltage impressed across the protective device after the circuit has been interrupted and after high frequency transients have subsided.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under