SAE ARP 5483 4A-2013 Rolling Element Test Method for Axial Limit and Fracture Load Testing《轴向极限和断裂载荷测试用滚动体试验方法》.pdf

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5、7 Superseding ARP5483/4 Rolling Element Test Method forAxial Limit and Fracture Load Testing RATIONALEARP5483/4A is being revised in association with the five-year document review to clarify test procedures and correct typographical errors in the text. 1. SCOPE This test method outlines the recommen

6、ded procedure for performing static axial limit and ultimate load tests on rolling element bearings used in airframe applications. Bearings covered by this document shall be antifriction ball bearings and spherical roller bearings in either annular or rod end configurations. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applic

7、able Documents The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the tex

8、t of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1.1 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P

9、.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM E4 Standard Methods of Verification of Testing Machines ASTM E83 Method of Verification and Classification of Extensometers 2.1.2 ANSI/NCSL Publications National Conference of Standards Laboratories, 2995 Wilderness

10、 Place, Suite 107, Boulder, CO 80301-5404, Tel: 303-440-3339, www.ncsli.org.ANSI/NCSL Z540-3 Calibration Laboratories and Measuring and Test Equipment- General Requirements SAE ARP5483/4A Page 2 of 6 2.1.3 ISO Publications Available from International Organization for Standardization, 1, rue de Vare

11、mbe, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +41-22-749-01-11, www.iso.org.ISO 10012 Quality Assurance Requirements for Measuring Equipment 2.2 Definitions AXIAL LIMIT LOAD: The maximum axial load which, when applied and released, does not affect the smoothness of operation of the test

12、 bearing. The load for each bearing size is specified in the applicable document. This load is the maximum load that should be applied to the bearing in application. AXIAL STATIC FRACTURE LOAD: The axial load equal to 1.5 times the Axial Limit Load, unless otherwise specified in the applicable docum

13、ent. Bearings subjected to this load shall be capable of being turned by hand and shall have no fractured components. BRINELL: Permanent deformation of a bearing raceway caused by a rolling element. Brinelling occurs when a bearing is subjected to a static load which causes the stress in the ball co

14、ntact area to exceed the yield stress of the material. 3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Test Apparatus 3.1.1 Test Machine The fixture shall be mounted onto a test machine capable of applying the required load at a controlled rate. The calibration system for the machine shall conform to ANSI/NCSL Z540-1 a

15、nd ISO 10012. Its accuracy shall be verified every 12 months by a method complying with ASTM E4. The limit and ultimate loads of the test bearing shall be within the loading range of the testing machine as defined in ASTM E4. 3.1.2 Test Fixtures Dimensions of the test fixtures shall provide sufficie

16、nt section thickness to assure rigid support of the test specimen when subjected to the fracture load. 3.1.3 Material The mounting apparatus and test plug shall be fabricated from steel and heat treated to a hardness of 40 HRC minimum. 3.1.4 Mounting Fit A clearance fit shall be employed between the

17、 test plug and the inner ring. Clearance between the fixture and the outer ring shall be 0.0000 to 0.0010 inch or as specified in the applicable document. NOTE: The above approach for mounting the test bearing produces generally repeatable results by promoting stiff structural performance. The use o

18、f thin section fixtures or looser fits may result in significantly different results. 3.1.5 Measuring Equipment Inspection equipment shall be capable of measuring an indentation in the inner or outer ring raceway that is 0.0005 times the rolling element diameter. SAE ARP5483/4A Page 3 of 6 3.2 Speci

19、men 3.2.1 Bearings for Axial Load Tests Bearings shall be tested as received. Only new bearings shall be used. 3.2.2 Quantity The number of test specimens shall be as specified in the referencing document. 3.2.3 Disposition of Test Bearings Bearings tested per this method shall not be put into servi

20、ce. 4. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Axial Limit Load Test 4.1.1 Pre-Test Checks Before application of limit load, the test bearing shall be evaluated as specified in the applicable document regarding parameters such as internal clearance and rotational torque. These measurements are required to establi

21、sh data whereby failure may be determined. This may be done with the test specimen in the fixtures. It is permissible to make evaluations in separate fixtures providing the internal bearing clearance is not changed by mounting. 4.1.2 Testing Mount the test bearing as shown in Figure 1. The test bear

22、ing and fixtures shall be installed in a loading device such as a tensile test machine and the load gradually increased to the axial limit load specified in the applicable document at a rate of 1% of the specified load per second. The load shall be held for not less than 1 minute and during this tim

23、e the applied load shall not drop below the specified load. After 1 minute has passed, gradually release the load at a rate 1% of the specified load per second. 4.1.3 Evaluation The test specimens shall be evaluated after the limit load test has been performed. The pass/fail criteria are specified i

24、n the applicable document. Typically the pass criteria is that the no-load torque shall not increase by more than 100%. Another method of evaluation is to disassemble the test bearing and measure the depth of the brinell markings on the inner and outer raceways. The typical passing criterion for thi

25、s inspection is that the maximum depth of any brinell mark shall not exceed 0.0005 times the diameter of the rolling elements. 4.2 Axial Static Fracture Load 4.2.1 Pre-Test Checks Before application of fracture load, the test bearing shall have successfully passed the limit load test. 4.2.2 Testing

26、Using the same apparatus from 4.1.2, an axial load of 1.5 times the limit load shall be applied at a rate of 1% of the specified load per second and held steady for a minimum of 1 minute at full load before being released at a rate of 1% of the specified load per second. SAE ARP5483/4A Page 4 of 6 F

27、IGURE 1 - SCHEMATIC FOR AXIAL LIMIT/FRACTURE LOAD TEST 4.2.3 Evaluation The tested specimen shall be removed from the fixturing and inspected for failure. The pass/fail criteria will be described in the applicable specification. The typical passing criteria are that the bearing shall be capable of b

28、eing turned by hand and that there can be no evidence of fractured bearing components when disassembled and inspected. Additionally, the bearing rings can be magnetic particle inspected to ensure that there are no cracks as a result of testing. 5. NOTES 5.1 Intended Use This test method is intended

29、to provide a means for evaluating the performance criteria of a bearing when subjected to the axial limit load and axial fracture load specified in the applicable document. 5.2 Method of Reference This test method is intended to be referenced in general and in detailed specifications, standards, and

30、 drawings for antifriction airframe bearings. Specific test and data requirements are given in the applicable document. The following note shall be used to reference this test method: NOTE: The bearings shall be tested in accordance with ARP5483/4. The slash number refers to the specific test method

31、. SAE ARP5483/4A Page 5 of 6 5.3 Test Data 5.3.1 Test Parameters Specific test requirements are given in the applicable document. Test parameters to be recorded shall include the following as applicable: a. Blueprint dimensions for the test bearing b. Shaft and test fixture dimensions and configurat

32、ion c. Axial Limit Load d. Axial Static Fracture Load 5.3.2 Data Requirements Specific requirements may be called out in the applicable specification. The following data shall be recorded as a minimum:a. Initial smoothness of the test bearings b. Smoothness after Limit Load Testing c. Depth of brine

33、ll markings, if applicable d. Freedom of rotation of test bearing after Fracture Load Testing e. Results of checking for fractured components after Fracture Load Testing f. Magnetic Particle Inspection results after Fracture Load Testing, if applicable 5.3.3 Test Report The recorded data shall be su

34、mmarized in report form and shall contain the following: 5.3.3.1 Bearing Description a. Bearing part number b. Lot identification number c. Manufacturers identification d. Dated drawing completely describing the test bearing including the dimensions and materials 5.3.3.2 Test Equipment Description a

35、. Model number of loading machine b. Serial number of loading machine c. Calibration date d. Description of fixtures or drawing/photograph SAE ARP5483/4A Page 6 of 6 5.3.3.3 Measuring Equipment Description a. Model number b. Serial number c. Calibration date 5.3.3.4 Test Procedures and Results a. Pr

36、ocedure followed b. Data sheets c. All inspection results d. Any test malfunctions or interruptions and explanations. e. Certification of the data presented and that no data has been omitted. 5.4 A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where t

37、echnical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE AIRFRAME CONTROL BEARINGS GROUP