SAE AS 1290B-2011 Graphic Symbols for Aircraft Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems《飞机液压和启动系统的图形符号》.pdf

1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

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4、 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AS1290B AEROSPACE STANDARD AS1290 REV. B Issued 2011-12 Superseding AS1290A (R) Gr

5、aphic Symbols for Aircraft Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems RATIONALE AS1290 has been updated to Revision B for the following reasons: (a) The emphasis of the document has changed from being based on producing schematic diagrams using paper drawings to those being produced using a computer drawing pr

6、ogram (b) New symbols and technical information have been introduced (c) The references called up in the document have been updated (d) The entire document has been retyped and reformatted; editorial changes have also been made to improve its readability (e) The Foreword has been revised FOREWORD Th

7、e documents from which these symbols are derived are ANSI Y32.100 and ISO1219-1. The symbols that have been selected from these documents were chosen for the following reasons: 1. They represented those items that are in common usage in aerospace hydraulic and pneumatic systems 2. They were judged t

8、o provide a good basis for generating new symbols TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 SCOPE . 6 2 REFERENCES . 6 2.1 Applicable Documents . 6 2.1.1 SAE Publications 6 2.1.2 ISO Publications . 6 2.1.3 ASME Publications . 6 3. GENERAL SYMBOL RULES . 7 3.1 Description and Method . 7 3.2 Sub-circuits 8 3.3 Nomenclature

9、 and Degree of Symbolic Representation . 8 3.4 Line Thickness, Color and Relative Symbol Envelope Size 8 Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AS1290B Page 2 of 51 4. BASIC SYMBOLS 9 4.

10、1 Boundaries, Enclosures and Envelopes 94.1.1 Aircraft Partitions 94.1.2 Boundary Grouping of Components 94.1.3 Enclosure for an Assembly 94.1.4 Enclosure for Small Valve Assemblies 94.1.5 Enclosure for Common Flow Control Valves . 94.1.6 Envelopes Valves 104.1.7 Envelope for Primary Conditioning De

11、vices 114.1.8 Use of Numbers or Letters Inside an Envelope or Enclosure . 114.1.9 Air Reservoirs, Accumulators, Gas Bottles 114.1.10 Primary Envelope of Rotative Energy Conversion Devices . 114.1.11 Transition Portion of Envelope . 114.2 Fluid Flow Lines General 114.2.1 Flow Sources and Direction 11

12、4.2.2 High Pressure Lines . 124.2.3 Low Pressure Lines . 124.2.4 Crossing/Joining 134.2.5 Line Coding 134.2.6 Fuel Line 134.2.7 Capillary Line . 144.3 Connections, Flexible Lines . 144.3.1 Flexible Line . 144.3.2 Rotary or Swivel Connector, or Joint . 144.3.3 Bleeder Fitting 144.3.4 Joints 144.3.5 E

13、xtension Fitting . 154.4 Mechanical, Electrical and Functional . 154.4.1 Mechanical Linkage . 154.4.2 Shaft or Piston Rod 154.4.3 Electrical Line . 154.4.4 Direction of Rotation 154.4.5 Facility for Variable Control 154.4.6 Spring Used as a Mechanical Link 154.4.7 Pivoting Device With Fixed Fulcrum

14、164.4.8 Pressure Compensation, Gauge Needle, or Transducer Arm . 164.5 Controls 164.5.1 Mechanical or Muscular . 164.5.2 Electrical . 174.5.3 Temperature. 174.5.4 Pressure . 184.5.5 Composite Controls . 195. RESERVOIRS, ACCUMULATORS, GAS BOTTLES 20 5.1 Reservoirs 205.1.1 Reservoir Open to Atmosphere

15、 . 205.1.2 Pressurized (Air-Oil Interface) 205.1.3 Bellows Type (Air and Oil Separated) 205.1.4 Pressure Operated (or Bootstrap Type) Reservoir 205.1.5 Open Reservoir With Attached Hydraulic Motor-Driven Booster Pump 215.1.6 Open Reservoir General Symbol 215.1.7 Pressurized Reservoir General Symbol

16、215.1.8 Air Receiver 21Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AS1290B Page 3 of 51 5.2 Accumulators . 215.2.1 Accumulator General Symbol . 215.2.2 Hydro-Pneumatic Accumulator 215.2.3 Sel

17、f-Displacing Accumulator 225.2.4 Spring Energized Accumulator 225.2.5 Gas Storage Bottle . 226. FLUID CONDITIONERS 22 6.1 Filters . 226.1.1 Filter General Symbol . 226.1.2 Filter With Element Removable In Situ 226.1.3 Filter With Removable Element and With By-Pass 226.1.4 Filter With Removable Eleme

18、nt and With P Indicator . 236.1.5 Filter Assemblies 236.2 Water Separators and Filter-Separators 236.2.1 Water Separator With Manual Drain 236.2.2 Water Separator With Automatic Drain 246.2.3 Filter-Separator With Manual Drain . 246.2.4 Chemical Drier . 246.3 Heat Exchangers 246.3.1 Hydraulic Fluid-

19、to-Fuel Heat Exchanger 246.3.2 Hydraulic Fluid-to-Air Heat Exchanger 246.3.3 Heaters and Temperature Controllers . 247. ENERGY CONVERSION - ACTUATING CYLINDERS, ACTUATORS 257.1 Linear Actuators (Cylinders) 257.1.1 Linear Actuator General Symbol 257.1.2 Double Acting Linear Actuator . 257.1.3 Single

20、Acting Linear Actuator . 257.1.4 Single Acting Linear Actuator With Spring Return . 257.1.6 Double Ended Linear Actuator . 257.1.7 Telescopic Cylinder-Single Acting . 257.1.8 Positioning Cylinders . 257.1.9 Side-by-Side Cylinders With Common Body at Portings . 267.1.10 Swivel-End Cylinder, Double Po

21、rt Swivel at Rod End . 267.1.11 Cylinder With Snubbing Facility at Both Ends . 267.1.12 Cylinder With Snubbing Facility At One End . 267.1.13 Cylinder With Locks at Head and Rod Ends 267.1.14 Cylinder With Locks And Lock Indicators At Head And Rod Ends 267.1.15 Pressure Intensifier 267.1.16 Brake Ac

22、tuator . 267.2 Other-Than-Linear Actuators . 277.2.1 Rotary Or Oscillating Actuator . 277.3 Flight Control Cylinders 277.3.1 Moving Body Boost Actuator 277.3.2 Moving Body, Full Power, Tandem Actuator . 277.3.3 Fixed Body, Full Power, Side-By-Side, Dual Actuator . 278. ENERGY CONVERSION - PUMPS, MOT

23、ORS, ENGINES 28 8.1 Pumps Hydraulic . 288.1.1 Pumps Hydraulic Power Driven . 288.1.2 Pumps Hydraulic, Muscular Energy Driven 298.2 Motors, Pump-Motors, Power Transfer Units 298.2.1 Fixed-Displacement, Bi-Directional Hydraulic Motor, With Case Drain. 298.2.2 Pump Motor 308.2.3 Power Transfer Unit . 3

24、08.2.4 Variable-Delivery Pressure-Compensated Motor, With One Direction of Flow, and Case Drain 30Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AS1290B Page 4 of 51 8.3 Pneumatic Pumps, Compres

25、sors, Motors . 308.3.1 Fixed-Displacement Air Compressor . 308.3.2 Vacuum Pump 308.3.3 Pneumatic Motor, Bi-Directional 308.4 Driving and Driven Units 318.4.1 Electric Motor . 318.4.2 Generator . 318.4.3 Heat Engine, Piston Type 318.4.4 Heat Engine, Gas-Turbine Type 318.4.5 Air Turbine 318.4.6 Ram Ai

26、r Turbine . 319. VALVES CONTROL . 32 9.1 Two-Port Selector 329.1.1 Shut-Off Valve, Manually Operated, General Symbol . 329.1.2 Air-Charging Valve for Accumulator 329.1.3 Shut-off Valve, Manually Operated, Spring Return, Normally Closed . 329.1.4 Push-Button Valve, Spring Return, Normally Closed 329.

27、1.7 Solenoid-Operated Shut-Off Valve 329.1.8 Mechanically-Operated Valve, Infinitely-Variable Position, Normally Closed 339.1.9 Needle Valve 339.1.10 Pressure-Operated Valves . 339.2 Three-Way Selector . 339.2.1 Direct-Acting Solenoid Valve, Normally Closed . 339.2.2 Direct-Acting Solenoid Valve, No

28、rmally Open . 339.2.3 Mechanically-Operated Valve, Normally Closed . 339.2.4 Solenoid or Manually-Operated Valve, Plus Pilot, Normally Open 339.2.5 Solenoid or Manually-Operated Valve, Plus Pilot, Normally Closed . 349.2.6 Pilot Operated Valve, Normally Open 349.3 Four-Way Selector, Multi-Port Selec

29、tor, and Multi-Panel Selector 349.3.1 Solenoid/Pilot Operated Valves . 349.3.2 Flow Direction Options . 359.3.3 Selector Valve 359.3.4 Phase-Control Valve 359.3.5 Multi-Panel Valve . 359.4 Infinite-Position selector Power-Brake Valves, Servovalves, Servo Packages 369.4.1 Power-Brake Valve 369.4.2 Me

30、chanical Servovalve 369.4.3 Electrohydraulic Pilot-Controlled Flow-Control Servovalve . 369.4.4 Simplified Symbol For Complex Servo-Package. 379.5 Automatic and Semi-Automatic Check-Type . 379.5.1 Check Valves . 379.5.2 Shuttle Valve 379.5.3 Cylinder Lock Valve, Single, With Thermal Relief . 389.5.4

31、 Disconnects 389.6 Automatic and Semi-Automatic Valves Pressure Control 399.6.1 Single Envelope Valves for Pressure Control 399.6.2 Relief Valves 399.6.3 Balance Relief Valve 419.6.4 Priority Valve 419.6.5 Pressure Regulating (Unloading) Valve . 419.6.6 Reducing Valve (Pressure Reducer) . 429.7 Auto

32、matic and Semi-Automatic Flow Control 429.7.1 Restriction 429.7.2 Screened Two-Way Restrictor . 429.7.3 Screened One-Way Restrictor . 429.7.4 Flow Regulator (Flow Limiter) 429.7.5 Line Fuse (Hydraulic Fuse) 43Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduc

33、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AS1290B Page 5 of 51 9.7.6 Flow Divider . 439.7.7 Flow Sensitive Valve 439.7.8 Flowmeter Valve 439.7.9 Thermally Operated Valve . 43 10. INSTRUMENTS AND MISCELLANEOUS . 4410.1 Pressure Switch . 4410.2 Pressure Transducer . 4410.3 Cylinder

34、 Lock Switch 4410.4 Temperature Switch . 4410.5 Temperature Transducer . 4410.6 Pressure Gauge . 4410.6.1 Pressure Indicator 4410.7 Temperature Gauge . 4410.8 Flowmeter - Flow Rate . 4410.9 Flowmeter Totalizing . 4410.10 Liquid Level Gauge 4410.10.1 Liquid Level Gauge With Mechanical Readout and Ele

35、ctrical Outputto a Remote Indication Means . 4410.11 Nozzle 4510.12 Venturi 4510.13 Pitot Tube . 4510.14 Air Regulator 4510.15 Pump Ripple Suppressor . 4510.16 Orifice Plate 4510.17 Filter Accessories . 4510.17.1 Contamination ( P) Indicator With Manual Reset Button 4510.17.2 Thermal Lockout 4510.17

36、.3 Surge Arrestor 4510.17.4 Chip Detector . 4510.17.5 Line Shutoff 4511. EXAMPLES OF COMPOSITE SYMBOLS AND CIRCUITS 46 11.1 Landing Gear Control Module 4611.2 Power Brake System with Manual Emergency 4711.3 Hydraulic Power Circuit 4811.4 Ram Air Turbine Regulator and System Relief Valve 4911.5 Dual

37、Electrohydraulic Pressure Control Anti-Skid Valve . 4911.6 Plug-In Pump . 4911.7 Electro-hydrostatic Actuator (EHA) 5011.8 Integrated Actuator Package (IAP) 5012. NOTES . 51 12.1 Revision Status 5112.2 Use of a General Symbol . 5112.3 Use with Other Standards 51Copyright SAE International Provided b

38、y IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AS1290B Page 6 of 51 1. SCOPE This Aerospace Standard (AS) presents a system of graphic symbols intended primarily for usage in hydraulic and pneumatic system schematic diagrams for all

39、 types of aircraft. It is also considered suitable for marine vehicles and other applications and for ancillary documents where schematics are required. Individual graphic symbols shown herein are also considered suitable for use in conjunction with other types of symbols. This AS is intended to pro

40、mote industry-wide acceptance and understanding of uniform standards and employs, where possible, symbols which are internationally recognized. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publi

41、cations shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, super

42、sedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.ARP4386 Terminology an

43、d Definitions for Aerospace Fluid Power, Actuation and Control Technologies 2.1.2 ASME Publications Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 22 Law Drive, P.O. Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900, Tel: 973-882-1170, www.asme.org.ANSI Y32.10 Graphic Symbols for Fluid Power Diagrams 2.1

44、.3 ISO Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.ISO1219-1 Fluid power systems and components - Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams - Part 1: Graphic symbols for conventional use and data-processi

45、ng applications Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AS1290B Page 7 of 51 3. GENERAL SYMBOL RULES 3.1 Description and Method Elementary forms of symbols are: x Circles x Squares x Rect

46、angles x Triangles x Arcs x Arrows x Lines x Dots x Crosses Some symbols (such as selector valves) appear as logic configurations, with no resemblance to components; others (such as actuators and accumulators) are shape-oriented for symbolic representation. In all cases, the component function is em

47、phasized by the symbol. Symbols show connections, flow paths, functions and the methods of operation of the components that they represent. They can indicate the condition occurring during transition from one flow path to another. They may be rotated or reversed without altering their meaning except

48、 in the case of reservoirs or similar as specified. They distinguish between modular and non-modular components, liquid and gaseous fluid media and fluid line functions. Symbols do not indicate construction, location or identification of ports as on the component, direction of shifting spools or positions of actuators on actual components. They do not indicate values such as pressure, flow rate or other component settings and do not indicate actual liquid levels or system conditions by symbolic instrument needle positions. E