SAE AS 5282A-2015 Tool Steel Ring for Magnetic Particle Inspection.pdf

1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref

2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2015 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publi

3、cation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (out

4、side USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AS5282AAEROSPACESTANDARDAS5282 REV. AIssued 1998-03Revised 2015-08Superseding AS5282Tool Stee

5、l Ring for Magnetic Particle InspectionRATIONALEAS5282A revises Table 2 and revises Figure 1, and is a Five Year Review and update of this Aerospace Standard.1. SCOPE1.1 PurposeThis SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes requirements for the manufacture and certification of tool steel rings for mag

6、netic particle inspection.1.2 ApplicationThese rings are used typically for determining the sensitivity of magnetic particles in accordance with AMS3040 through AMS3046 and to perform magnetic particle system performance checks. Evaluations of the rings are performed using full-wave rectified altern

7、ating current through a copper conductor bar.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the pur

8、chase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.2.1 SAE PublicationsAvailable f

9、rom SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J438 Tool and Die SteelsSAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 2 of 112.2 ASTM PublicationsAvailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor

10、 Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM E18 Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsASTM E1444 Magnetic Particle Testing3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS3.1 MaterialThe ring shall be made from normalized hot rolled 5.5-inch (140-mm) minimum diameter tool

11、 steel bar stock, O1 series, conforming to SAE J438, or equivalent.3.2 ConfigurationThe ring configuration dimensions, and surface finish shall be in accordance with Figure 1.3.3 NormalizingEach bar shall be normalized by heating to 1600 F 100 F (871 C 56 C), holding at heat for 60 minutes/inch 5 mi

12、nutes/inch (2.4 minutes/mm 0.2 minutes/mm) of diameter and air cool to room temperature.3.4 AnnealingEach ring shall be annealed by heating at 1400 to 1440 F (760 to 782 C), holding at heat for 3 hours minimum, cooling at a rate of not more than 50 F 5 F (28 C 3 C) per hour to 1200 F (649 C), and fu

13、rnace or air cool to room temperature.3.4.1 Surface oxidation, caused by annealing, shall be removed by dry blasting using either glass beads or aluminum oxide at 25 to 40 psi (172 to 276 kPa). Following dry blasting, protect part from rust by applying a coating of oil or grease.3.5 HardnessHardness

14、 after annealing shall be 95 HRB maximum, or equivalent, as determined in accordance with ASTM E18.4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS4.1 Sensitivity TestEach ring shall be magnetized using circular magnetization in accordance with ASTM E1444 applied by three-phase, full-wave, rectified alternating curr

15、ent through a 16 to 24-inch (406 to 610-mm) long and 1.0 to 1.1-inch (25.4 to 27.9-mm) diameter copper internal conductor bar.4.1.1 The rings may be qualified by recording either the residual leakage field manually with a gauss meter, or automatically by using a magnetic sensor, amplifier, and oscil

16、loscope.SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 3 of 11HOLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12“D”Inches0.07 0.14 0.21 0.28 0.35 0.42 0.49 0.56 0.63 0.70 0.77 0.84“D”Millimeters1.78 3.56 5.33 7.11 8.89 10.67 12.45 14.22 16.00 17.78 19.56 21.34Notes: 1. All hole diameters are 0.07 inch 0.005 1.78 mm 0.13.2. Tolerance

17、on the “D” distance is 0.005 inch 0.13 mm.3. All other dimensions are 0.03 inch 0.8 mm.4. Holes 10 through 12 are optional.Fgure 1 - O1 tool steel ring for use in magnetic particle system verification and testing of magnetic particles4.2 Manual Leakage Field Measurement MethodSurface oil or grease s

18、hall be removed from each ring before magnetization. Each ring shall be magnetized at 1500 A, in accordance with 4.1. Remove the magnetized ring from the central conductor bar and place it in a fixture (Figure 2). Calibrate the gauss meter in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. The gap b

19、etween the gauss meter probe face and the ring surface shall be adjusted for a lift-off of 0.001 to 0.0015 inch (0.025 to 0.038 mm). The ring shall rotate smoothly on the fixture rollers without any wobble.NOTE: If a series of rings are to be evaluated, magnetize and evaluate the rings in a uniform

20、orientation to avoid a reverse in polarity of the leakage field.4.2.1 Rotate the ring or rollers so that hole #1 is centered over the gauss meter probe. Slowly rotate the ring back and forth, past the sensing probe, and record the optimum gauss meter value. Repeat this process at each hole (#2 throu

21、gh #9).SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 4 of 11Figure 2 - Schematic of fixture for obtaining manual flux leakage readings4.2.2 Graph the results with the hole numbers along the abscissa (horizontal) and gauss values along the ordinate (vertical). Join each value with a line to generate a smooth curve

22、(Figure 3). For additional rings in a lot, repeat the steps in 4.2 through 4.2.2. Upon completion of the lot measurement, calculate the average gauss value at each hole for those rings which exhibit a smooth curve (Table 1, Rings 2-4) and plot the mean average curve (Figure 4).Example: The mean aver

23、age value for Rings 2-4, at hole #1, is 21 gauss and 10% of this value is 2.1 gauss. The upper and lower acceptance limit for Rings 2-4 are plotted at 2.1 gauss from the mean average curve (Figure 4). Using a best fit curve, draw the mean curve for Ring 1 (Figure 4). The value for hole #1 (Ring 1) i

24、s 15 gauss and the upper and lower limits are 1.5 gauss. It is obvious that Ring 1 values do not generate a smooth curve and they fall outside the acceptance limits.4.2.3 Any ring which exhibits gauss values which fall outside the limits shall be rejected (see Figure 4).SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Pag

25、e 5 of 11Figure 3 - Flux leakage comparison at 1500 ATable 1 - Flux leakage results (gauss)Holes Ring No. 1 Ring No. 2 Ring No. 3 Ring No. 4 Avg. 2-41 15.1 21.6 20.5 21.3 21.12 11.6 16.1 14.2 15.4 15.23 7.6 11.3 10.4 11.4 11.04 0.8 9.5 8 8.3 8.65 4.3 7.2 6.8 6.4 6.86 0.2 5.6 5.4 5.6 5.57 0 5.1 4.5 4

26、.5 4.78 0 4.5 4.1 3.5 4.09 0 4.4 3.9 3.6 4.0SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 6 of 11Figure 4 - Residual flux leakage (gauss) results with acceptance criteria4.3 Automated Leakage Field Measurement MethodSurface oil or grease shall be removed from each ring before magnetization. Each ring shall be magn

27、etized at 1500 A, in accordance with 4.1. Calibrate the magnetic sensor in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and insert it in a fixture similar to Figure 5. The gap between the sensor face and the ring surface shall be 0.001 to 0.0015 inch (0.025 to 0.038 mm).4.3.1 The automated system

28、in Figure 5 utilizes a turntable which has a central hole through which is inserted a central conductor. Clamps and cables may be attached to the internal conductor and magnetizing source if it is desired to magnetize the ring in-place or the rings may be magnetized on a internal conductor separate

29、from the auto fixture. A motorized drive system shall be provided to rotate the ring past the magnetic sensor. The system shall rotate freely without any wobble. In addition to the rotating fixture, the system requires a power supply, magnetic sensor, amplifier, and oscilloscope (see Figure 6).4.3.2

30、 The rings shall be magnetized and evaluated in a uniform orientation to avoid a reverse in polarity of the leakage field.4.3.3 After magnetizing the ring, start the rotation and set the oscilloscope gain to 10 mV/cm and adjust the oscilloscope horizontal adjustment so that the peak reading from eac

31、h of the nine holes is uniformly spaced on the CRT trace (see Figure 7). Photograph or record the trace from each ring in the batch. Select the ring which gave the most uniform response from the nine holes and the one with the highest amplitude from hole #1. Draw a best-fit curve through both the po

32、sitive and negative peaks (Figure 7). Measure the total amplitude of hole #1 and calculate 5% of that value. Using the hole #1 5% value, draw duplicate lines above and below the positive and negative median lines (Figure 7).SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 7 of 11Figure 5 - Steel ring evaluation fixtu

33、reFigure 6 - Schematic of automated testing systemSAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 8 of 11Figure 7 - Automated leakage field results at 1500 A with limits4.3.4 Figure 8 shows the automated residual flux leakage results for four rings. Figures 8A and 8B results are acceptable. Figures 8C and 8D are una

34、cceptable. Rings not yielding a uniform response and which fall outside the acceptance criteria shall be rejected.4.3.5 Upon completion of all testing, each ring shall be demagnetized to a maximum level of 2 gauss, as measured at hole #1.4.4 ReportsA certification shall be supplied to the purchaser

35、for each ring which meets the specified requirements. The certification shall include the material type (3.1), the annealing certification (3.3), the serial number of each ring (5.1), its corresponding hardness (3.5), and statements which certify that each ring conforms to the requirements of Figure

36、 1. Aleakage field plot, similar to Figure 4 for manual measurement or Figure 7 for automated measurement, shall also be provided to the purchaser.4.5 Certification/RecertificationExisting rings, made prior to the release of this document, are acceptable for use provided they meet the requirements o

37、f Table 2, when tested in accordance with 4.1. Rings not meeting the requirements of Table 2 may be reannealed in accordance with 3.4 and testing in accordance with this document. New rings shall be certified in accordance with the requirements of this document. Rings which meet the requirements of

38、this document shall be identified in accordance with 5.1.5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY5.1 IdentificationEach ring shall be identified by electroetching or vibroetching at the location shown in Figure 1; the manufacturers name, serial number, and AS5282. Each ring shall have a separate serial number (S

39、/N).SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 9 of 11Figure 8 - Automated residual flux leakage resultsSAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 10 of 11Table 2 - Minimum number of holes required visuallyType of SuspensionAmperage(Full and Half Wave DC)Required MinimumNumber of HolesIndicatedFluorescent Oxide(Wet)500 310

40、00 51500 62500 73500 9Visible Oxides(Wet)500 31000 41500 52500 63500 8Dry Powder 500 41000 61500 72500 83500 95.2 Packaging5.2.1 The rings shall be prepared for shipment in accordance with commercial practice and in compliance with applicable rules and regulations pertaining to the handling, packagi

41、ng, and transportation of the product to ensure carrier acceptance and safe delivery.6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTA vendor shall mention this Aerospace Standard number in all quotations and when acknowledging purchase orders.7. REJECTIONSRings not conforming to this document, or to modifications authorized by

42、purchaser, shall be subject to rejection.8. NOTES8.1 A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document tit

43、le indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications nor in documents that contain editorial changes only.SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5282A Page 11 of 118.2 Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit

44、temperatures are primary; dimensions and properties in SI units and the Celsius temperatures are shown as the approximate equivalents of the primary units and are presented only for information.8.3 Hardness conversion tables for metals are presented in ASTM E140.8.4 Terms used in AS5282 are clarified in ARP1917.PREPARED BY AMS COMMITTEE “K”