SAE J 1707-2016 Service Maintenance of SAE J1703 and J1704 Brake Fluids in Motor Vehicle Brake Systems.pdf

1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref

2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments andsuggestions.Copyright 2016 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this public

3、ation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outs

4、ide USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1707_201609SURFACE VEHICLERECOMMENDED PRACTICEJ1707 SEP2016Issued 1985-11Revised 2016-09Super

5、seding J1707 NOV2011Service Maintenance of SAE J1703 and J1704 Brake Fluids in MotorVehicle Brake SystemsRATIONALETechnical revision in the course of regular 5-year review.1. SCOPEThis SAE Recommended Practice provides basic recommendations for dispensing and handling of SAE J1703 and SAE J1704 Brak

6、e Fluids by Service Maintenance Personnel to assure their safe and effective performance when installed in or added to motor vehicle hydraulic brake actuating systems.This document is concerned only with brake fluid and those system parts in contact with it. It describes general maintenance procedur

7、es that constitute good practice and that should be employed to help assure a properly functioning brake system. Recommendations that promote safety are emphasized. Specific step-by-step service instructions for brake maintenance on individual makes or models are neither intended nor implied. For th

8、ese, one should consult the vehicle manufacturers service brake maintenance procedures for the particular vehicle. Vehicle manufacturers recommendations should always be followed.2. REFERENCE2.1 Applicable DocumentsThe following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified

9、herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PublicationAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J1703 Motor Vehic

10、le Brake FluidSAE J1704 Borate Ester Based Brake Fluids3. MOTOR VEHICLE BRAKE FLUID REQUIREMENTS3.1 SAE Motor Vehicle Brake FluidSAE J1703 and SAE J1704 - These specifications cover motor vehicle brake fluids of the nonpetroleum type for use in the braking system of any motor vehicle, such as a pass

11、enger car, truck, bus, trailer or motorcycle. These fluids are not intended for use under arctic conditions.SAE INTERNATIONAL J1707 SEP2016 Page 2 of 83.2 Performance Requirements of Motor Vehicle Brake FluidsWhile minimum anticipated atmospheric temperatures can generally be estimated, maximum oper

12、ational brake fluid temperatures are a function of brake system design, service maintenance practices, variations in driving habits, and other factors which are difficult to evaluate. The motor vehicle manufacturer is best qualified to recommend the brake fluid type required in a specific motor vehi

13、cle brake actuating system. Whenever the vehicle manufacturer clearly specifies or otherwise indicates the brake fluid required, service maintenance personnel should use the brake fluid recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.3.3 Effect of Contaminants Upon the Performance of Motor Vehicle Brake Flu

14、idsCommercial brake fluids are susceptible to various types of contamination which can be detrimental to the performance and safety of brake actuating systems.3.3.1 Contamination with Petroleum ProductsDue to the color and visual appearance of motor vehicle brake fluids, accidental or inadvertent co

15、ntamination with petroleum products as engine or transmission oils, petroleum distillates, cleaning solvents or fabric cleaners can occur, unless specific precautions are taken to prevent this type of contamination. Even very small contamination levels of brake fluids with petroleum products which a

16、re not visible may be detrimental to the rubber seals of a brake system. Only if higher concentrations are present, a contamination with petroleum type contaminants will become obvious by causing a visual cloudiness or opaque appearance of the brake fluid. “Hydraulic brake fluid” can be confused wit

17、h service products identified as “hydraulic fluid,” which may be a petroleum or a synthetic fluid having different chemical and physical properties and which are not intended for use in a motor vehicle brakesystem.NOTE: Never use hydraulic fluids or oils in place of brake fluid.Petroleum products ar

18、e rapidly and selectively absorbed by brake system rubber parts, resulting in a high degree of softening, dimensional swelling, and general deterioration of the functional properties of these rubber parts. This type of brake fluid contamination will result in unsafe braking action, and may be the di

19、rect cause of complete brake failure.Do not use a brake fluid that is cloudy, opaque, an emulsion, separated into layers, or that contains drops of liquid. If petroleum contamination is suspected, dispose of fluid in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.In case a brake system is prove

20、n to have been severely contaminated with a mineral oil product, safe operation can only be regained by changing any component which has come into contact with the contaminant.3.3.2 Contamination with Miscellaneous Automotive ProductsMany types of liquid automotive specialty products, solvents, and

21、cleaners are used in service stations, garages, and other establishments where brake service or maintenance is performed. Contamination of motor vehicle brake fluid with any such products will result in a deterioration of many essential performance requirements of the brake fluids, causing improper

22、brake action or actual brake failure.SAE INTERNATIONAL J1707 SEP2016 Page 3 of 83.3.3 Water ContaminationSAE J1703 and SAE J1704 motor vehicle brake fluids are hygroscopic and absorb moisture when exposed to the atmosphere and in service. Water contamination from any source including mechanical or a

23、ccidental additions of free water, will appreciably lower the original boiling point of the brake fluid with the possible consequence of brake failure because of gas bubble formation in hot brake components. As a further consequence of water absorption, the fluids viscosity will be increased at low

24、ambient temperatures, adversely affecting the functionality of various features of hydraulic modulators. Water contamination may cause corrosion of brake cylinder bores and pistons, and may seriously affect the braking efficiency and safety of the brake actuating system.3.3.4 Contamination with Dirt

25、 or DustDirt, moisture, and petroleum contaminants can enter the brake system from failure to clean the brake fluid reservoir cap before removing it to check the fluid level, or from careless handling of brake fluid or brake system parts in performing other maintenance or service operations. Dust, a

26、s well as moisture, can enter the brake system through damaged or improper cylinder boots or gasket seals.Dirt and dust are abrasive and will score or scratch wheel cylinder seals and bores, resulting in fluid leakage or other operational problems which affect the braking efficiency and the safety o

27、f the motor vehicle brake system. Additionally, particles of a size capable to cause a leakage of various seals and hydraulic valves within the brake system may lead to a brake failure directly.3.3.5 Mixing Motor Vehicle Brake FluidsThe mixing of different SAE J1703 and SAE J1704 brake fluids will n

28、ot adversely affect the brake actuating system, but it may adversely affect the resulting properties of the mixture. It is not recommended to use intended mixtures of different brake fluids types or brands, but residues of one type remaining in the brake system are no obstacle to operate the system

29、with another type.4. RECOMMENDED SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS FOR HANDLING AND DISPENSING BRAKE FLUID4.1 Storage of Motor Vehicle Brake FluidStore brake fluid in a dry place at or not far away from room temperature and separate this storage area from similar storageof petroleum products, automotive specialt

30、y products, or any fluid materials used for shop maintenance purposes.Large capacity drum type containers require transfer of brake fluid to some intermediate dispensing container. This type of handling tends to promote or cause contamination. It is recommended that brake fluid be purchased and stoc

31、ked in container sizes that permit direct transfer of brake fluid from the container to the brake system, if no commercially available dispensing device designed for brake fluid transfer is used. It is strongly recommended that containers for direct transfer from the container to the vehicle brake f

32、luid reservoir do not exceed 1 gal in capacity. Brake fluid stock should be rotated to prevent extended storage periods. For servicing the motor vehicle brake system, use only brake fluid of that type, vehicle manufacturer standard or part number that is recommended by the vehicle manufacturer and c

33、onforms to SAE and DOT standards. 4.2 Dispensing EquipmentDue to the increased possibility of contamination of the brake fluid, the use of auxiliary dispensing equipment besides commercially available devices designed for dispensing brake fluid should be avoided. When commercial dispensing equipment

34、 is used for adding brake fluid to the motor vehicle brake system such equipment must be assigned for use onlywith brake fluids, must be clean, and must be mechanically designed to eliminate any possibility of contamination of the brake fluid with dirt, petroleum lubricants, or moisture from condens

35、ation or exposure to the atmosphere. Any new dispensing equipment should be flushed with the brake fluid and the fluid examined for contamination before placing the unit in service. When a pressure bleeder tank is used, it must be designed to prevent any possible aeration of the brake fluid. Normall

36、y, air pressure is applied to the fluid by a mechanism which employs a rubber diaphragm. It is important that the compressed air supply be clean and dry. Many rubber compounds are quite permeable to both air and moisture. Butyl rubber diaphragms have been found superior for this application and shou

37、ld be used.SAE INTERNATIONAL J1707 SEP2016 Page 4 of 84.3 Essential Safety PrecautionsIn the service maintenance of brake systems, the handling and dispensing of motor vehicle brake fluids must be controlled and regulated to avoid any accidental or inadvertent contamination of the brake fluid added

38、to the brake system. The possible toxicity and environmental effects of motor vehicle brake fluid must be considered in terms of any applicable laws and regulations. Obtain Material Safety Data Sheet from manufacturer before handling and disposing of brake fluid. The following are essential specific

39、 precautions for handling and dispensing brake fluid:4.3.1 Store brake fluid only in its original container and keep the container tightly closed. Do not puncture the container to provide a “breather hole.”4.3.2 Before opening a brake fluid container, remove any dirt or other contamination from the

40、top and other surfaces of the container.4.3.3 When the brake fluid container is empty, dispose of the container in accordance with all local, state, and federal regulations. Do not reuse container for other liquids.4.3.4 It is the best practice to pour the brake fluid directly from the original cont

41、ainer or a commercially available device designed for dispensing brake fluids to the brake system fill point. If the brake fluid is transferred from the original container to a dispenser, such dispensing equipment must be clean and dry and any unused brake fluid must not be poured back into the orig

42、inal brake fluid container. Discard fluid in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.4.3.5 Never transfer SAE J1703 / SAE J1704 brake fluid to a container or dispenser that has been used for oil, kerosene, gasoline, silicone brake fluid (SAE J1705), antifreeze, water cleaners, or any o

43、ther liquids or chemicals. Do not transfer any material or product from a container or dispenser back into a brake fluid container.4.3.6 In dispensing or storing brake fluids, use equipment that is specifically assigned for brake fluid and preferably used only in work areas assigned for servicing br

44、ake systems.4.3.7 Do not reuse brake fluid from bleeding operations. Discard it in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.4.3.8 Do not spill brake fluid on brake linings or car finish. If spilled on brake lining, the best practice is to replace the lining. If spilled on car finish, do

45、 not wipe or rub, but immediately flush area with cold water.4.3.9 Use only new brake fluid for flushing a brake system and then only in compliance with the vehicle manufacturers service recommendations. Do not use flushing fluids, alcohol, or other solvents.4.3.10 Whenever possible, clean new brake

46、 fluid should be used to clean brake parts. The use of alcohol for cleaning should be restricted to disassembled brake units and parts that can be visually inspected to determine freedom from alcohol contamination. Do not use alcohol for flushing assembled brake components or systems. Never use gaso

47、line, kerosene, petroleum products, chlorinated or other type solvents to clean any brake system parts. Use only clean wipers or shop towels. Handle parts with clean and dry hands. Place brake parts on clean paper or clean lint-free cloths.4.3.11 A clean and dry work area is essential in handling an

48、d dispensing brake fluid, in cleaning or handling brake parts, and for work on the brake system proper. Work should not be performed in the presence of air-borne dust, dirt, or water. Whenever possible, it is desirable to separate the area used for servicing or repairing the brake system from areas

49、used for vehicle lubrication or other service or maintenance operations where brake fluid and brake system parts may be likely to become contaminated.SAE INTERNATIONAL J1707 SEP2016 Page 5 of 85. RECOMMENDED SERVICE PROCEDURES FOR FILLING BRAKE FLUID RESERVOIRS5.1 Safety PrecautionsThe following are essential specific recommendations and procedures that are based upon acceptable service maintenance practices:5.1.1 Before opening the ve