1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2012 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this pub
3、lication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970
4、(outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1944_201201SURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEJ1944 JAN2012 Issued 1991-05Revised 201
5、2-01 Superseding J1944 SEP2000 Truck and Bus Multipurpose Vehicle Windshield Washer System RATIONALERevised to include minor corrections, added references. 1. SCOPE This SAE Recommended Practice provides the following for the windshield washer system for trucks, buses, and multipurpose vehicles with
6、 GVW of 4500 kg (10 000 lb) or greater: a. Minimum performance requirement b. Uniform test procedures. The test procedures are limited to those tests that can be conducted with uniform test equipment by commercially available laboratory facilities. c. Uniform terminology of windshield washer system
7、characteristics and phenomena. The minimum performance requirements and test procedures, outlined in this document, are based on currently available engineering data. It is intended that all portions of the document will be periodically reviewed and revised as additional data on windshield washer sy
8、stem performance are developed. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. SAE J1944 Revised JAN2012 Page 2 of 10 2.1.1 SAE Publicati
9、ons Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J198 Windshield Wiper SystemsTrucks, Buses, and Multipurpose Vehicles SAE J680 Location and Operation of Instruments and C
10、ontrols in Motor Truck Cabs SAE J726 Air Cleaner Test Code SAE J942 Passenger Car Windshield Washer SystemsSAE J1037 Windshield Washer Tubing 2.1.2 ASTM Publication Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.
11、orgASTM D 1149 Test for Accelerated Ozone Cracking of Vulcanized Rubber 2.1.3 TMC Publications Available from Technology preferably 4 L. 4.11 Nozzles on Wiper Arms Security of the nozzle, tubing or fastening components for the tubing should be such as to prevent disengagement during adverse operatin
12、g conditions, such as snowpack, etc. 5. TEST PROCEDURE 5.1 Washer System Capability 5.1.1 Test Equipment 5.1.1.1 Test Fixture A test fixture shall consist of a structure used to mount the components of the windshield wiper/washer system in a manner which represents a vehicle installation or use a te
13、st vehicle. 5.1.1.2 Test Mixture By volume, 92.5% tap water (water not to exceed 205 ppm hardness), 5.0% saturated salt (sodium chloride) water, and 2.5% coarse grade test dust (as described in SAE J726, or equivalent). SAE J1944 Revised JAN2012 Page 6 of 10 5.1.2 Test Procedure a. Using the nominal
14、 power input specified by the manufacturer, adjust washer nozzle(s) if adjustable under static conditions to the target area of the windshield glazing surface. b. Clean the windshield glazing surface with a cleanser, rinse, and allow to dry. c. Apply, by pouring (or any other method which provides a
15、n equivalent uniform coating), a freshly shaken quantity of the test mixture uniformly to the entire windshield glazing surface without coating the windshield wiper blades. If the test mixture does not uniformly adhere to the entire windshield glazing surface, the glazing surface is not sufficiently
16、 clean.5.1.2.1 Static Test After the mixture has completely dried on the windshield glazing surface, the washer system using the water as the washer solution or the low temperature solution must meet the requirements of 4.1. 5.1.2.2 Dynamic Test Procedure Repeat 5.1.2.1 by driving a test vehicle 72
17、km/h 2 km/h (45 mph 1 mph) and testing in two opposite directions with the ambient wind velocity not exceeding 24 km/h (14 mph); or as an alternate, repeat 5.1.2.1 while directing a 72 km/h (45 mph) wind against the windshield and front of the test vehicle or equivalent in a longitudinal direction.
18、The equivalent test vehicle must include all exterior surfaces which affect air flow over the windshield surface. For the dynamic test, an area sufficient to insure vision for safely operating the vehicle shall be cleared in the center of thedriver side wipe area. 5.2 System Strength 5.2.1 Test Equi
19、pment 5.2.1.1 Test Fixture See 5.1.1.1 or, as an alternate, a structure may be used to mount the washer system parts in proper vehicle attitude, with hoses coiled to reduce the overall size of the fixture for convenient utilization of small laboratory environmental chambers. 5.2.1.2 Temperature Meas
20、uring Device Thermometer or equivalent. 5.2.2 Test Procedure This test shall be conducted after the system capability test described in 5.1 is completed. The test shall be conducted in the following manner using the power input level specified in Table 1 unless specified otherwise by the vehicle man
21、ufacturer.5.2.2.1 Fill and fully prime the washer system with water. At an ambient temperature of 26 C 5 C (79 F 10 F), all nozzles shall be plugged and the system shall be actuated six times within a period of 1 min. SAE J1944 Revised JAN2012 Page 7 of 10 TABLE 1 - POWER INPUT LEVEL TYPE OF PUMP PO
22、WER INPUT (applied for a minimum of 3 s) Hand operated 110135 Pa (2530 lbf) Foot operated 400445 Pa (90100 lbf) Power operated Electric 13 V 2% (for 12 V rated system) 26 V 2% (for 24 V rated system) Pneumatic 620900 kPa (90130 psi) (available to the washer control valve) 5.2.2.2 Fill and fully prim
23、e the washer system with water and freeze for a minimum of 4 h at a temperature of 29 C 3 C (20 F 5 F). Following this period and in the same temperature environment, actuate the washer system six times within a period of 1 min. 5.2.2.3 Gradually increase the ambient temperature to 26 C 5 C (79 F 10
24、 F) until the ice is completely thawed. Test the function of the system. 5.3 Temperature Performance and Exposure 5.3.1 Test Equipment 5.3.1.1 Test Fixture See 5.2.1.1. 5.3.1.2 Environmental chamber(s) capable of maintaining the test temperatures. 5.3.2 Test Procedures These tests shall be conducted
25、 after the system strength test described in 5.2 is completed. Fill and prime the washer system with washer solution and perform the following tests: 5.3.2.1 Low Temperature Exposure Using water as a washer solution, reduce the ambient temperature to 30 C 3 C (22 F 5 F) and maintain for sufficient t
26、ime to insure that the total mass of the water in the reservoir is frozen, including the core which freezes last. Following this period, gradually increase the ambient temperature to 26 C 5 C (79 F 10 F) until the ice is completely thawed. Repeat this freeze-thaw cycle until a total of six cycles ha
27、ve occurred. After the last cycle, test the function of the system. 5.3.2.2 High Temperature Exposure Using water as the washer solution, increase the ambient temperature to 90 C 3 C (194 F 5 F) and maintain for a minimum of 8 h. Following this period, reduce the ambient temperature to 26 C 5 C (79
28、F 0 F) until the system stabilizes. Test the function of the system. 5.3.2.3 Operating Range Using a low temperature washer solution, reduce the ambient temperature to 18 C 3 C (0 F 5 F) until the washer system has stabilized at this temperature. Following this period and in the same environment, te
29、st the function of the washer system, using the nominal power input specified by the manufacturer. Repeat with an ambient temperature of 80 C 3 C (176 F 5 F) using water as the washer solution and again test the function of the washer system.SAE J1944 Revised JAN2012 Page 8 of 10 5.4 Durability 5.4.
30、1 Test Equipment 5.4.1.1 Environmental chamber(s) capable of maintaining test temperatures. 5.4.1.2 Counter A device for determining the number of washer cycles. 5.4.1.3 Temperature Measuring Device Thermometer or equivalent. 5.4.1.4 Low temperature washer solution. 5.4.1.5 Pressure measuring gage.
31、5.4.1.6 Stopwatch. 5.4.1.7 Graduated cylinder. 5.4.2 Test Procedure: 5.4.2.1 This test shall be conducted after the Temperature Performance Test described in 5.3 is completed. 5.4.2.2 Using the nominal power input specified by the manufacturer, measure washer system fluid flow rate, or volume per ac
32、tuation, and fluid delivery pressure. 5.4.2.3 Actuate system for 8000 durability test cycles in the sequence indicated in Table 2, using the low temperature washer solution when required. TABLE 2 - TEST SEQUENCE TestDurabilityTest Cycles TotalDurabilityTest Cycles No./Min.AmbientTemperaturesC 3 Ambi
33、entTemperaturesF 5 1 2000 2 24 75 2 2000 66 150 3 2000 2 12 10 4 2000 24 75 5.4.2.4 Repeat 5.4.2.2. SAE J1944 Revised JAN2012 Page 9 of 10 5.5 Windshield Washer Tubing When rubber and/or synthetic tubing is used, the following tests apply. 5.5.1 Ozone Resistance 5.5.1.1 Test Equipment Commercial ozo
34、ne test cabinet as described in ASTM D 1149. 5.5.1.2 Preparation of Tubing A 200 mm (8 in) specimen of new tubing is to be wrapped around a mandrel whose OD is eight times the nominal OD of the tubing and held in position by using a piece of enamel-covered copper wiring. The mounted specimens are th
35、en to be exposed for 48 h in an ozone-free atmosphere. 5.5.1.3 Procedure Test specimens are to be placed in the ozone test cabinet for a period of 72 h. The test cabinet is to be operated at a temperature of 38 C 3 C (100 F 5 F), and an ozone concentration of 0.5 ppm by volume. 5.5.1.4 Rating Upon r
36、emoval from the ozone cabinet and while still on the mandrel, visually examine the test specimen for evidence of splitting or cracking under 2X magnification. 5.5.2 Temperature Aging 5.5.2.1 Test Equipment Environmental chamber. 5.5.2.2 Preparation of Tubing A specimen of new tubing shall be fitted
37、with a metal tube inserted 13 mm (0.5 in) into both ends. The OD of the metal tube shall be 50% larger than the nominal ID of the tubing on the test. 5.5.2.3 Procedure Test specimen shall be placed in an environmental chamber at 100 C 3 C (212 F 5 F) for 70 h. 5.5.2.4 Rating Upon removal from the en
38、vironmental chamber, visually inspect the test specimen for evidence of splitting or cracking while still on the metal tube. Determine the elongation of the unexpanded portion of the specimen and compare to the elongation of a portion of the original specimen before temperature aging. Examine for vi
39、sual evidence of wax or other contaminants exuding from the tubing. SAE J1944 Revised JAN2012 Page 10 of 10 5.5.3 Stress Relaxation 5.5.3.1 Test Equipment Environmental chamber. 5.5.3.2 Preparation of Tubing A mandrel whose diameter is two times the nominal ID of the tubing shall be inserted for a l
40、ength of 13 mm (0.5 in) into a specimen of new tubing. 5.5.3.3 Procedure The test specimen shall be placed in an environmental chamber at 100 C 3 C (212 F 6 F) for 70 h. 5.5.3.4 Upon removal from the environmental chamber, remove the specimen from the mandrel and allow it to cool to room temperature
41、. Measure the tubing ID in the section which was expanded. 6. NOTES 6.1 Marginal Indicia A change bar (I) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) sy
42、mbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS WINDSHIELD WIPER AND CLIMATE CONTROL COMMITTEEOF THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS BODY AND OCCUPANT ENVIRONMENT STEERING COMMITTEE
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