SAE J 506-1951 Sleeve Type Half Bearings (November 1978).pdf

1、SAE-J506ADOPTION NOTICESAE-J506, “SLEEVE TYPE HALF BEARINGS“, was adopted on 15-AUG-95for use by the Department of Defense (DoD). Proposed changesby DoD activities must be submitted to the DoD Adopting Activity:Commander, Defense Supply Center Philadelphia, ATTN: DSCP-ITAA,700 Robbins Avenue, Philad

2、elphia, PA 19111-5096. Copies of thisdocument may be purchased from the Society of AutomotiveEngineers 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale, Pennsylvania, UnitedStates, 15096-0001. http:/www.sae.org/_Custodians: Adopting Activity:DLA - ISArmy - AVNavy - ASAir Force - 11DLA - ISFSC 3120DISTRIBUTION STAT

3、EMENT A: Approved for public release; distributionis unlimited.SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any par

4、ticular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS

5、DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.orgCopyright 1995 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001STANDARDS

6、ubmitted for recognition as an American National StandardJ506REAF.FEB95Issued 1951-06Reaffirmed 1995-02Superseding J506bSLEEVE TYPE HALF BEARINGSForewordThis Document has not changed other than to put it into the new SAE Technical Standards BoardFormat.1. ScopeThis SAE Standard defines the normal di

7、mensions, dimensioning practice, tolerances, specializedmeasurement techniques, and glossary of terms for bearing inserts commonly used in reciprocatingmachinery.The standard sizes cover a range which permits a designer to employ, in proper proportion, the durability andlubrication requirements of e

8、ach application, while utilizing the forming and machining practices common inmanufacture of sleeve type half bearings.Not included are considerations of hydrodynamic lubrication analysis or mechanical stress factors ofassociated machine structural parts which determine the nominal sizes to be used,

9、 selection of bearingmaterial as related to load carrying capacity, and economics of manufacture. For information concerningmaterials, see SAE J459 and SAE J460.These suggested sizes provide guidelines which may result in minimal costs of tooling but do not necessarilyrepresent items which can be or

10、dered from stock.2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONSAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J459Be

11、aring and Bushing AlloysSAE J460Bearing and Bushing AlloysChemical Composition of SAE Bearing and Bushing Alloys3. Definitions(See Figure 1.)3.1 Annular Oil GrooveA groove, uniform in cross section, through the entire 180 degree arc of the half shell,installed for the purpose of promoting oil flow f

12、rom the center to the edges of the bearing and also for thecreation of a constant and uniform oil supply from main journals to connecting rod journals by means of drilledpassages in the crankshaft. Sometimes an annular oil groove is used near the end of a straight shell bearingfor the purpose of dra

13、ining oil away from the seal.SAE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-2-FIGURE 1ILLUSTRATION OF COMMON BEARING CHARACTERISTICS AND TERMINOLOGYSAE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-3-3.2 BackThe steel OD of half shell bearings.3.3 BimetalA type of bearing construction in which a single layer of bearing material is bonded to a

14、steelbacking. A common example of this is a babbitt bearing. (See Trimetal.)3.4 Bore or Housing IDThe diametral size of the housing into which the bearing is assembled. The housing IDwhich supports and retains the bearing in assembly. (See Gage.)3.5 Bore DistortionThe elastic deformation of the hous

15、ing which occurs because of the stress imposed byinterference fit between housing ID and assembled bearing OD. Magnitude of bore distortion is normally asmall value, but because housings generally have nonuniform cross sections, adjustments to the concentricityof the bearing walls are made to accomm

16、odate various degrees of nonuniform outward displacement of thehousing. These adjustments to the bearing wall are normally achieved by controlling bearing eccentricity.Also, frequently considered are distortions produced by external or inertial loads. (See Eccentricity.)3.6 Centerline WallThe bearin

17、g wall thickness at a location 90 degrees from the parting lines. Sometimescalled vertical centerline.3.7 CrushThe amount by which circumferential length of a half shell exceeds one half the circumference of thehousing ID. This excess length ensures the interference fit which holds the mating half s

18、hells in place. (SeeParting Line Height.)3.8 EccentricityThe gradual reduction in bearing wall thickness, normally from centerline wall to the parting linerelief, which tends to create additional diametral clearance between the bearing and journal near the partinglines. The magnitude of eccentricity

19、 may vary as dictated by studies of bore distortion characteristics. Exceptin rare instances, eccentricity is positive, meaning that the wall thickness near the parting line is less than thewall thickness at the vertical centerline.3.9 EndsThe surfaces or faces which determine the two planes that de

20、fine the bearing length.3.10 Flange CounterboreMachined radius to aid in lubricant flow and clearance with crankshaft fillet.3.11 Flange DiameterThe OD measurement of flanges in the assembled state. The maximum flange OD shouldnot exceed 1.3 times the maximum housing ID if forming difficulties are t

21、o be avoided.3.12 Flange ThicknessThe thickness of the flange on a flange bearing.3.13 Free Spread DiameterThe diametral dimension of the half shell bearing in its free state. Normally, thisdimension will exceed the maximum housing ID by at least 0.5 mm (0.020 in) for straight shells, and by abouton

22、e-tenth this amount for flange bearings. This deliberate increased diameter aids assembly by ensuring thateach half shell will have sufficient friction within its intended housing to remain in place during engine assemblyoperations. Its exact values are not critical.3.14 Gage DiameterThe numerical b

23、ore size which is equal to the high limit dimension of the housing ID.3.15 LengthThe overall axial dimension of the half bearing.3.16 LiningThe bearing material which is bonded to the steel back.3.17 LugThe projection from the OD of the bearing half shell provided on straight shell bearings to ensur

24、e properaxial location of the half shell in the housing. It is sometimes referred to as a tang, notch, or nick. Lugs are notintended to secure the bearing against rotation within the housing. Crush does that. Lugs should be on oneparting line only. Commonly, lugs on both half bearings are assembled

25、on the same side of the housing.SAE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-4-3.18 Lug ProjectionThe dimension from the bearing back to the outside surface of the lug at the parting line.3.19 Oil HoleA hole through the bearing shell which is used to index with drilled oil passages in the bearingshousing. (See Squirt

26、Hole.)3.20 Overall LengthThe dimension between thrust faces on a common flange bearing and equal to themaximum axial dimension of the bearing.3.21 OverlayA thin surface layer of soft bearing material on a harder lining material which, in turn, becomes anintermediate layer of high load capacity. Norm

27、ally, overlays are deposited by electroplating, and have anominal thickness of 0.025 mm (0.001 in) or less. The result is then a trimetal bearing. (See Trimetal.)3.22 Partial GrooveThis is a groove similar in nature and cross section to the full annular groove, generally for thepurpose of extending

28、the full annular groove into a mating half bearing but preventing its extension into themost heavily loaded portion of a main bearing.3.23 Parting LineThe face or surface of the half shell which butts against a mating surface of another half shell toform a full round bearing.3.24 Parting Line Chamfe

29、rA small chamfer added to the inside surface of the parting line along the entire lengthof the bearing to eliminate sharp disturbances to the oil flow which could otherwise result from minor conditionsof cap shift or misalignment.3.25 Parting Line HeightA measurement of half shell circumference norm

30、ally made with the parting lines of thebearing loaded in compression and with the back of the bearing seated and conforming to the ID of a preciselymade inspection block which is normally equal in size to the gage diameter. The measured difference betweenparting line height and the inspection block

31、radius equals the measured indicator crush. The load under whichthe bearing is measured is specified to be large enough to ensure adequate seating and reproduciblemeasurements without causing permanent deformation of the bearing.3.26 Parting Line ReliefThe removal of bearing material near the partin

32、g line to aid smoothness of oil flow wherethe parting lines of the half shells butt against each other.3.27 Spreader GrooveA cross groove, generally in a normally unloaded area, used to promote oil flow withoutincreasing clearances.3.28 Squirt HoleA small cutout at parting line surface, sometimes us

33、ed in rod bearings to provide a squirt of oilonto cylinder walls during operation.3.29 StraddleThe dimension between the inside surfaces of the flanges on a flange bearing.3.30 Thrust FaceThat exterior portion of a flange bearing which runs against a mating thrust face of a shaft tocontrol axial sha

34、ft movement and load.3.31 Thrust Face GrooveA small groove incorporated into the thrust face for the purpose of promoting oil flow.3.32 TrimetalA type of bearing construction in which a heavy-duty bearing material (lining) is bonded to a steelback and then a thin layer of softer bearing material is

35、applied to the ID of the high-strength bearing material.Normally, this surface layer is obtained by electroplating and is referred to as the overlay, or overlay plate. It isthin enough that the high strength of the intermediate layer determines the ultimate bearing strength from afatigue standpoint.

36、 This type of bearing is normally used in heavy-duty applications. (See Bimetal.)SAE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-5-3.33 WallThe total thickness of the bearing half shell which is the sum of the steel back thickness, lining thicknessand, when applicable, overlay thickness. When given without other qualific

37、ations, it is normally assumed to becenterline wall.4. Applications and General ConsiderationsSleeve type half bearings, sometimes called thinwall bearings,are most commonly found in the connecting rod and main bearing positions of gasoline and diesel enginesused in the automotive, construction equi

38、pment, and farm equipment industries. Normally, they are lubricatedwith oil which is supplied under pressure.Much theoretical and experimental work has been done with respect to the operation of sleeve type bearings,and both bearing manufacturers and large volume users are familiar with the theories

39、 of hydrodynamiclubrication so they can perform the associated calculations with relative ease. The theory involves thedevelopment of pressures within an oil film as a result of a journal rotating inside the bearing. Shearing of theoil film generates heat; however, oil is supplied in sufficient quan

40、tity to control temperatures and viscosities.For a given set of operating conditions, calculations can be made for oil film thickness and expected operatingtemperatures. Sometimes, such calculations highlight potential problems and point the way for modification tothe original design. Such changes c

41、an involve oil viscosity, oil supply pressure, geometry of the bearing,clearances, grooving, and other factors.Mechanically, a thinwall bearing should be flexible and elastic in comparison with the housing. When thehousing is made round and true in relation to mating parts, the designer can be confi

42、dent that the bearing, withits relative flexibility, will conform to the housing, thereby ensuring desired shape and alignment. Also, thisflexible characteristic permits the bearings to be economically made from material which generally is preparedas a continuous strip from which the bearings are bl

43、anked, formed, and precisely machined, providing afinished bearing of high quality and reliability.5. Wall Size RecommendationsWall sizes for various shaft sizes are presented graphically in Figure 2. Therecommended wall sizes are based on the most common bearing strip preparations.Corresponding hou

44、sing sizes can be easily determined by adding to nominal shaft size, two times the bearingwall plus the diametral clearance.Regarding the selection of light or heavy series wall sizes, the following can be used as a guide:a. SAE Light SeriesConnecting rod bearings for passenger car and similar light

45、duty engines.b. SAE Heavy SeriesMain bearings for passenger car and similar light-duty engines. Connecting rodand main bearings for heavy-duty engines.c. SAE Extra-Heavy SeriesMain bearings for heavy-duty engines sometimes use the next heavier wallsize for a given shaft size than SAE Heavy Series.S

46、AE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-6-FIGURE 2BEARING WALL THICKNESS RECOMMENDATIONSSAE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-7-6. Standard Features and TolerancesThe following standards generally are referred to from Figures 2, 3, and4.FIGURE 3STANDARD TOLERANCES OF STRAIGHT SHELL BEARINGSSAE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-8-FIGURE 4

47、STANDARD TOLERANCES OF FLANGED BEARINGS6.1 Wall ThicknessThe tolerance on wall thickness will depend upon whether the bearing is bimetal or trimetal.Recommended values are shown in Figure 2.6.2 LengthBearing lengths will be determined by the application. Tolerances for various sizes are shown inTabl

48、e 1.TABLE 1ABEARING LENGTH TOLERANCES (MM)Shaft Dia. Limits20120 +00.25125260 +00.50SAE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-9-6.3 Locating Lugs and Lug SlotsDimensions of the locating lug and the notch in the housing should be asshown in Figures 5 and 6, and Tables 2, 3, and 4.FIGURE 5BEARING LUG DIMENSIONINGFIGU

49、RE 6HOUSING LUG SLOTTABLE 1BBEARING LENGTH TOLERANCES (IN)Shaft Dia. Limits0.755 +00.010510 +00.020SAE J506 Reaffirmed FEB95-10-TABLE 2ARECOMMENDED LUG DIMENSIONS (mm)Shaft Dia. A B C20 40 4.45/ 4.57 3.0/4.0 0.8/1.140 65 4.45/ 4.57 5.0/6.0 1.0/1.365 85 6.00/ 6.20 5.0/6.0 1.2/1.585200 9.20/ 9.35 8.0/9.0 1.5/1.65200260 12.00/12.50 8.0/9.0 1.5/1.65TABLE 2BRECOMMENDED LUG DIMENSIONS (in)Shaft Dia. A B C0.75 1.50 0.175/0.180 0.125/0.155 0.031/0.0411.50 2.50 0.175/0.180 0.190/0.220 0.031/0.0412.50 3.50 0