SAE J 578-2016 Color Specification.pdf

1、 _ 6$(7HFKQLFDO6WDQGDUGV%RDUG5XOHVSURYLGHWKDW7KLVUHSRUWLVSX EOLVKHGE6$(WRDGYDQFHWKHVWDWHRIWHFKQLFDODQGHQJL neering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, incluGLQJDQSDWHQWLQIULQJHPHQWDULVLQJWKHUHIURPLVWKHVROHUHVSRQVLELOLW

2、 RIWKHXVHU SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored

3、 in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Em

4、ail: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J578_201603 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J MAR2016 Issued 1942-01 Revised 2016-03 Superseding J578 JUL2012 Color Specific

5、ation RATIONALE The specification for green was replaced with the recommendation for green color limits from FAA document DOT/FAA/TC-712FWREHU1RQLQFDQGHVFHQW6RXUFH$YLDWLRQ6LJQDO/LJKW&RORUV7KLVV WXGUHFRPPHQGHGQHZJUHHQFRORUlimits to accommodate the increased use of LED sources and minimize the possibi

6、lity of misidentification of green signals. The RESTRICTED BLUE green and violet color boundary equations were modified to harmonize them with the blue UNECE R65 color boundary equations. The SIGNAL BLUE violet boundary equation was changed to the new RESTRICTED BLUE violet boundary equation so that

7、 the violet boundary of both the RESTRICTED BLUE and SIGNAL BLUE color spaces would be the same. The coordinates of the color boundary vertices were added to aid in the plotting of the chromaticity boundary regions. The reference to SAE J578 JUN1995 in 2.1.1 and Appendix A.3 was removed to eliminate

8、 the document referencing itself. The reference to HS-34 was removed because it is no longer available. The statements concerning the usage of Signal Blue and Restricted Blue were moved to the more appropriate location in DSSHQGL$&RORU$SSOLFDWLRQ6LJQDO%OXHLVXVHGLQDSSOLFDWLRQVZKHUHWKHYL HZHUPDPLVLGHQ

9、WLIWKHEOXHVLJQDODVDcolor other than blue and this will have little or no effect on their response to the signal. Restricted Blue is used in applications where having the viewer identify a blue signal as blue is important in obtaining the desired response from the viewer. Section 2.2 Related Publicat

10、ions was added and the document IES TM-27-24 was added to the Related Publications section because it is the industry standard method for the transfer of spectral data. The suffix was removed from ASTM 308 to make the document reference version independent. 460nm470nm480nm360nm to 440nm0.00.10.20.0

11、0.1 0.2yxRestricted Blue JUL2012Restricted Blue ProposedRESTRICTED BLUEJUN2012SAE INTERNATIONAL - MAR2016 Page 2 of 7 1. SCOPE This SAE Standard defines and provides a means for the control of colors employed in motor vehicle external lighting equipment, including lamps and reflex reflectors. The do

12、cument applies to the overall effective color of light emitted by the device in any given direction and not to the color of the light from a small area of the lens. It does not apply to pilot, indicator, or tell-tale lights. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a pa

13、rt of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4

14、970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J774 Emergency Warning Device 2.1.2 Federal Publications Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9320. FMVSS No. 125 Warning Devices, 39 FR 28636, Aug. 9, 1974 as amended at 40 FR 4, Ja

15、n. 2, 1975 49 CFR 571.108 Lamps, Reflective Devices and Associated Equipment (FMVSS 108) 2.1.3 ASTM Publication Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org ASTM E 308 Standard Practice for Computing the Co

16、lors of Objects by Using the CIE System 2.1.4 CIE Publication $YDLODEOHIURP&RPPLVVLRQ,QWHUQDWLRQDOHGHO(FODLUDJH&,(&HQW ral Bureau, Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Wien, Austria, Tel: +43-1-714-31-87-0, www.cie.co.at. CIE 1931 Standard Colorimetry 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are provide

17、d for information purposes only and are not a required part of this SAE Technical Report. 2.2.1 IES Publication Available from Illuminating Engineering Society, 120 Wall Street, Floor 17, New York, NY 10005, Tel: 212-248-5000, www.ies.org. IES TM-27-24, IES Standard Format for the Electronic Transfe

18、r of Spectral Data. SAE INTERNATIONAL - MAR2016 Page 3 of 7 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 CHROMATICITY COORDINATES The fundamental requirements for color are expressed as chromaticity coordinates according to the CIE (1931) standard colorimetric system (see Figure 1). The following requirements shall apply whe

19、n measured by the tristimulus or spectrophotometric methods. 3.1.1 Red The color of light emitted from the device shall fall within the following boundaries: Boundary Equations Boundary Vertex Points x y y = 0.335 (yellow boundary) 0.665 0.335 y = 0.980 x (purple boundary) 0.645 0.335 0.721 0.259 0.

20、735 0.265 3.1.2 Yellow (Amber) The color of light emitted from the device shall fall within the following boundaries: Boundary Equations Boundary Vertex Points x y y = x 0.120 (green boundary) 0.560 0.440 y = 0.390 (red boundary) 0.545 0.425 y = 0.790 0.670x (white boundary) 0.597 0.390 0.610 0.390

21、3.1.2.1 Selective Yellow (See A.2 Appendix) The color of light emitted from the device shall fall within the following boundaries: Boundary Equations Boundary Vertex Points x y y = 1.290x 0.100 (green boundary) 0.480 0.519 y = 0.138 + 0.580x (red boundary) 0.454 0.486 y = 0.440 (white boundary) 0.50

22、0 0.440 y = 0.940 x (white boundary) 0.521 0.440 0.545 0.454 SAE INTERNATIONAL - MAR2016 Page 4 of 7 Figure 1 - Chromaticity diagram 460nm470nm480nm490nm500nm510nm520nm530nm540nm550nm560nm570nm580nm590nm600nm610nm620nm660nmto 830nm360nm to 440nm0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.90.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0

23、.6 0.7 0.8yxz = 0GREENSIGNALBLUERESTRICTEDBLUEWHITESELECTIVE YELLOWYELLOWREDSAE INTERNATIONAL - MAR2016 Page 5 of 7 3.1.3 White (Achromatic) The color of light emitted from the device shall fall within the following boundaries: Boundary Equations Boundary Vertex Points x y x = 0.310 (blue boundary)

24、0.310 0.342 x = 0.500 (yellow boundary) 0.310 0.275 y = 0.150 + 0.640x (green boundary) 0.440 0.382 y = 0.050 + 0.750x (purple boundary) 0.500 0.382 y = 0.440 (green boundary) 0.500 0.440 y = 0.382 (red boundary) 0.453 0.440 3.1.4 Green The color of light emitted from the device shall fall within th

25、e following boundaries: Boundary Equations Boundary Vertex Points x y y = 3.470 9.200x (yellow boundary) 0.014 0.750 y = 0.600 (white boundary) 0.129 0.600 y = 0.768 1.306x (blue boundary) 0.312 0.600 0.302 0.692 3.1.5 Blue 3.1.5.1 Restricted Blue (See A.2 Appendix) The color of light emitted from t

26、he device shall fall within the following boundaries: Boundary Equations Boundary Vertex Points x y y = 0.065 +0.805x (green boundary) 0.090 0.137 x = 0.400 y (white boundary) 0.186 0.215 x = 0.133 + 0.600y (violet boundary) 0.233 0.167 0.148 0.026 3.1.5.2 Signal Blue (See A.2 Appendix) The color of

27、 light emitted from the device shall fall within the following boundaries: Boundary Equations Boundary Vertex Points x y y = 0.320 (green boundary) 0.040 0.320 x = 0.160 (white boundary) 0.160 0.320 x = 0.400 y (white boundary) 0.160 0.240 x = 0.133 + 0.600y (violet boundary) 0.233 0.167 0.148 0.026

28、 SAE INTERNATIONAL - MAR2016 Page 6 of 7 4. TEST METHODS 4.1 Method of Color Measurement One of the methods listed in 4.1.1 or 4.1.2 shall be used to check the color of the light from the device or its optical components for compliance with the color specifications. The device shall be operated at t

29、he design test voltage. Components (bulbs, cap lenses, and the like) shall be tested in a fixture or in a manner simulating the intended application. In measuring the color of reflex devices, precautions shall be made to eliminate the first surface reflections of the incident light. Lighting devices

30、 that are covered with neutral density filters shall be tested for color with such filters in place. 4.1.1 Tristimulus Method In this method, photoelectric detectors with spectral responses that approximate the 1931 CIE standard spectral tristimulus values are used to make the color measurements. Th

31、ese measured tristimulus values are used to calculate the chromaticity coordinates of the color of emitted light from the device. The instrument used for this type of measurement is a colorimeter. These instruments are generally used for production control of color and are satisfactory if calibrated

32、 against color filters of known chromaticity coordinates. As a rule, the tristimulus method should only be used on incandescent steady-state sources. Other sources must use the method prescribed in 4.1.2. Visual tristimulus colorimeters can also be used for color evaluation. See Appendix A for measu

33、ring precautions. 4.1.2 Spectrophotometric Method The standard CIE method of color measurement is computing chromaticity coordinates from the spectral energy distribution of the device. This method should be used as a referee approach when the commonly used methods produce questionable results. Refe

34、r to ASTM E 308 for more details on spectrophotometric measurements. 5. NOTES 5.1 Revision Indicator A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this documen

35、t. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE LIGHTING STANDARD PRACTICES COMMITTEE

36、SAE INTERNATIONAL - MAR2016 Page 7 of 7 APPENDIX A A.1 PRECAUTIONS The following are applicable to all methods of determining the color of light: a. Some devices may emit a different color of light in one direction than another. Measurements should be made in as many directions as required to define

37、 the color characteristic of emitted light. Some instruments (tristimulus and spectroradiometric) use an integrating sphere at the inlet port of the device to integrate all the light from the device. Care should be taken to assure that the integrating sphere is not combining different color light em

38、itted in different directions from the device and thereby providing an erroneous reading. b. The lamp and optical components should be allowed to reach operating temperature before any measurements are made. Lamps should be operated at design voltage. If visually the device does not appear to be emi

39、tting light with a uniform color, additional precautions should be taken. c. The distance between the test instrument and the device under test should be great enough so that further increases in distance do not affect the results. The visual field of the instrument should view the entire lighted ar

40、ea of the device. A.2 COLOR APPLICATION Selective yellow is used on a limited basis primarily for fog lights and is not to be used in turn signal, parking, identification, clearance, sidemarker, and school bus warning lamps, or yellow reflex reflector applications as required by FMVSS 108. Restricte

41、d Blue is used when the reliable identification of the signal light as blue is necessary. Signal Blue is used when the reliable identification of the signal light as blue is not necessary. A.3 NEUTRAL DENSITY Filtering materials are sometimes used over existing lighting devices to reduce the light i

42、ntensity but not to change the fundamental color requirements as detailed in this document. A.4 ORANGE FLUORESCENT INFORMATION GUIDELINE Definitions and Requirements for Orange Fluorescent color can be found in the appropriate SAE Recommended Practice or Standard. Refer to SAE J774, Emergency Warnin

43、g Device, or FMVSS No. 125, Warning Devices, 39 FR 28636, Aug. 9, 1974 as amended at 40 FR 4, Jan. 2, 1975. A.5 COLOR MEASUREMENTS OF GASEOUS DISCHARGE LIGHTING DEVICES Some laboratories cannot measure the color of light from the short pulses of lamps that use discharge tubes and, therefore, these l

44、amps need a steady burning test source, operated at the color temperature of the gaseous discharge warning lamp. Use of CIE Illuminant C for strobe lights has been confirmed by independent testing laboratories. A.6 CITED ASTM REPORT ASTM E 308, Standard Practice for Spectrophotometry and Description of Color in CIE 1931 System.