SAE J 765-2017 Crane Load Stability Test Code.pdf

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4、70 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/J765_201706 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J765 JUN2017 Issued 1961-04 Revised 2017-06 Superseding J

5、765 OCT1990 Crane Load Stability Test Code RATIONALE This document has been revised to include recommended test conditions (8.3) and to include several editorial changes. 1. SCOPE This SAE Standard may be used for all revolving cranes wherein the capacity of the crane to support loads is based on it

6、s resistance to overturning. It is not applicable to cranes wherein the capacity of the crane is based on factors other than stability. 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this test is to determine the maximum capacity of a crane to counterbalance loads applied on its hook. The capacity of the crane is repor

7、ted in terms of the load in kg (pounds) and its corresponding radius in m (feet) for a specified position of the upper structure with respect to the mounting. 2. REFERENCES There are no referenced publications specified herein. 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 BALANCE POINT The condition of crane loading wherein

8、the load moment acting to overturn the crane is equal to the maximum moment of the crane available to resist overturning. On wheel mounted cranes where balance loads are supported over an end of the mounting equipped with free-oscillating dual axles, the balance point, without outriggers set, is det

9、ermined with the oscillating center of the axles or “bogie axle“ functioning as the fulcrum. 3.2 AXIS OF ROTATION A vertical line through the axis around which the crane upper structure rotates, before load is applied to the crane hook. SAE INTERNATIONAL J765 JUN2017 Page 2 of 8 3.3 LOAD The force a

10、cting to unbalance a crane; it results from the gravitational force created by the hook and all items suspended from the hook. 3.4 RADIUS OF LOAD The horizontal distance from a projection of the axis of rotation to the supporting surface, before loading, to the center of vertical hoist line or tackl

11、e with load applied. 3.5 SPECIFIED The term specified, where used herein, is construed to mean the recommendation of the manufacturer, the user, the testing entity or any agreement between these parties. 4. LIMITATIONS These test methods should be used only for those load ratings which are based on

12、stability factors and are not applicable to those ratings which are based on other factors. The testing entity should take care to assure that tests are made only in the least stable direction for the rating under test. The least stable direction may be determined by calculation. 5. METHODS The load

13、 is applied by freely suspending weight of predetermined magnitude and adjusting its position horizontally. 6. FACILITIES 6.1 Apparatus and Materials 6.1.1 A concrete or other firm supporting surface of sufficient size to provide for unobstructed accomplishment of the tests required. 6.1.2 Means for

14、 determining the load radius to an accuracy of 1%, not to exceed 0.15 m (6 inches). 6.1.3 Means to measure tire pressure to an accuracy of 3% of measured pressure. 6.1.4 Means for projecting the crane axis of rotation to the test course surface. 6.1.5 Means for measuring the horizontal distance from

15、 the axis of rotation to the center of gravity of the load. 6.1.6 Means for determining the weight of test weights, hook block slings, and other auxiliary equipment: accuracy 1/2% of measured load. 6.1.7 Test weights and lifting apparatus of known weight, accurate to within 1%. SAE INTERNATIONAL J76

16、5 JUN2017 Page 3 of 8 7. PROCEDURE 7.1 Set Up 7.1.1 Service and adjust the crane as applicable to assure manufacturers specified conditions of: a. Lubrication b. Fuel supply c. Tire inflation d. Coolant supply e. Track tension f. Bolts, pins, cable fittings, and other load bearing components g. Clut

17、ches, brakes, and other power transmission components h. Boom length and rigging i. Crane level to within a 1% grade 7.1.2 Operate the crane under partial load to assure operator proficiency and proper machine function. In the absence of specific recommendations, a new machine should be operated for

18、 at least 4 hours. Service and adjust the machine to specified tolerances at the conclusion of this initial operation. 7.1.3 Locate the crane on the test course in position for loading and lock the travel brakes. 7.1.4 Set outriggers, if used, and jack the crane to a position where the tires or trac

19、ks within the boundary of the outriggers are unloaded. 7.1.5 Vertically project the upper structure axis-of-rotation to the surface of the test course and mark its location. 7.2 Test Methods 7.2.1 Prepare test load including test weights, hook block, slings, and other auxiliary equipment, such as lo

20、ad basket, that make up the specified load weight within 1%. Record this value. 7.2.2 With the crane upper structure in the specified position, hoist the load free of the test surface at a radius where the crane is stable; then boom down a small amount to increase the radius. Keep the load as close

21、as possible (approximately within 0.3 m (12 inches) to the test surface at all times to prevent excessive tipping. If the crane will support the load at the adjusted radius, measure and record the new radius. Repeat the procedure until the balance point is reached. The balance point on outriggers is

22、 exceeded when the radius continues to increase with no corresponding boom movement. The final adjustment of the balance point may be made by adding small increments of weight rather than increasing the radius. When the balance point is reached, the load and radius of the crane shall be recorded. 7.

23、2.3 Alternately measure the radius of load and add small increments to the load until the load overcomes the stability of the crane. The radius of load and load weight last obtained, before the load overcame the stability of the crane, shall be recorded as the balance point condition. 7.2.4 Wind dir

24、ection should be such that it does not increase the stability of the crane. SAE INTERNATIONAL J765 JUN2017 Page 4 of 8 8. COMPUTATIONS AND RECORDS 8.1 Capacity Curve Where it is desired to determine the balance point capacity of a crane throughout a range of loads or radii, follow procedures as outl

25、ined for individual determinations, making sure that load and radius are determined for each extreme of the range and at a sufficient number of intermediate points to permit plotting a curve. Plot a curve showing the maximum capacity of the crane with the load in kilograms (pounds) as ordinate and r

26、adii in millimeters (feet) as abscissa. Use a representative number of boom lengths for a given capacity chart. 8.2 Test Records Record a description of the crane, positions for test, load data, and radius of load data on the Physical Dimensions Test Summary sheets (see Figures 1, 2, and 3 for examp

27、les). 8.3 Recommended Test Conditions Cranes shall be tested as necessary to verify their stability. Cranes capable of being configured in multiple ways (e.g., multiple counterweights, outrigger positions, etc.), shall be tested in a sufficient number of configurations to confirm to the testing enti

28、ty that the stability for all possible combinations is verified. A suitable number of test lifts should be performed for each tested configuration to permit plotting an accurate capacity curve. If the capacities for a particular crane configuration are not stability limited, select an alternate cran

29、e configuration where the capacity chart contains an adequate number of stability limited capacities to perform the test. SAE INTERNATIONAL J765 JUN2017 Page 5 of 8 Figure 1 - Page 1 of test summary SAE INTERNATIONAL J765 JUN2017 Page 6 of 8 Figure 2 - Page 2 of test summary SAE INTERNATIONAL J765 J

30、UN2017 Page 7 of 8 Figure 3 - Page 3 of test summary SAE INTERNATIONAL J765 JUN2017 Page 8 of 8 9. NOTES 9.1 Revision Indicator A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the pre

31、vious issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE CRANES AND LIFTING DEVICES COMMITTEE