SAE J 930-2016 Storage Batteries for Off-Road Self-Propelled Work Machines.pdf

1、 _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising ther

2、efrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this

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4、70 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J930_201605 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J930 MAY2016 Issued 1965-08 Revised 2016-05

5、Superseding J930 JUN1995 Storage Batteries for Off-Road Self-Propelled Work Machines RATIONALE This specification is being reviewed and updated so SAE J930 can be classified as stabilized. In addition the vibration test has been removed and is now included in SAE J3060 Automotive and Heavy Duty Stor

6、age Battery Vibration. References to terminal however, the Off-Road Machinery manufacturer and battery supplier should jointly determine an acceptable loss for the specific application involved. Percent self-discharge lossRCI RCFRCI- 100u=SAE INTERNATIONAL J930 MAY2016 Page 6 of 9 7. GENERAL REQUIRE

7、MENTS 7.1 Vent System All batteries, both flooded and VRLA batteries shall meet the requirements specified in SAE J1495. Flooded battery types also shall meet the requirements of theTilt tests described in 7.2. 7.2 Tilt Tests for Electrolyte Loss 7.2.1 Static Tilt Test No electrolyte shall be lost f

8、rom the battery when tested as follows: 7.2.1.1 Sample battery is to be conditioned as described in 7.3.1 and filled to its recommended level when appropriate. 7.2.1.2 Sample battery shall be at a temperature of 27 qC r 3 qC (80 F r 5 F). 7.2.1.3 Caution Carefully tilt the battery sample to prevent

9、electrolyte sloshing. Tilt sample battery to a 45 degree angle from the normal at rest position for 120 minutes 0.5 minutes in each of the following four positions: fore and aft, as well as side to side. The last tilt position shall be with the side containing a single vent outlet (if any), in the d

10、ownward position. 7.2.2 Charging Tilt Test No electrolyte shall be lost from the battery when tested as follows: 7.2.2.1 Sample battery is to be conditioned as described in 7.3.1 and filled to its recommended level when appropriate. 7.2.2.2 Sample battery shall be at a temperature of 27 qC r 3 qC (8

11、0 F r 5 F). 7.2.2.3 Caution Carefully tilt the battery sample to prevent electrolyte sloshing. Tilt sample battery to a 45 degree angle from the normal at rest position for 15 minutes 0.5 minutes in each of the following four positions: fore and aft, as well as side to side. The last tilt position s

12、hall be with the side containing a single vent outlet (if any), in the downward position. While in each of the four positions noted, charge the battery at 2.35 V per cell (14.1 V r 0.05 V for a 12-V system). 7.3 Electrical Performance Test Requirements 7.3.1 All battery samples shall be conditioned

13、and charged per SAE J537. 7.3.2 Reserve Capacity (RC) performance requirements and test procedures shall be per SAE J537, at the battery manufacturers rating. 7.3.3 Cold Cranking Ampere (CCA) performance requirements and test procedures shall be per SAE J537, at the battery manufacturers rating. 7.3

14、.4 Charge Rate Acceptance performance requirements and test procedures shall be per SAE J537, at the battery manufacturers rating. This is an optional test when testing for electrical compliance or ratings compliance SAE INTERNATIONAL J930 MAY2016 Page 7 of 9 7.4 Vibration See SAE J3060 for heavy du

15、ty battery vibration testing 7.5 Deep Discharge Recovery Test This test is to evaluate a batterys ability to recover after it has been discharged and allowed to sit for period of time before being recharged. Proceed as follows: 7.5.1 Sample battery is to be conditioned as described in 7.3.1. 7.5.2 D

16、ischarge the battery at 1% of the rated CCA to 1.75 V per cell (i.e., 10.5 V for a 12-V battery). 7.5.3 Place the battery in an area where the temperature is maintained at 27 qC r 3 qC (80F r 5F). Connect a resistor of approximately 4.5 : between the battery terminals and leave connected for 30 days

17、. 7.5.4 On the 31st day, remove the resistor and immediately charge a flooded battery at 2.66 V per cell (16.0 V r 0.05 V for 12-V battery). For a VRLA battery, charge at 2.40 to 2.47 V per cell (14.4 to 14.8 V r 0.05 V for a 12-V battery), or the manufacturers recommended recharge voltage, but not

18、less than 2.33 V per cell (14.0 Vr 0.05 V for a 12-V battery) at 27 qC r 3 qC (80F r 5F). Use a charger which can provide a current of at least 5% of the battery CCA rating. The battery shall accept at least 1% of the CCA rating within a 1 hour period. 7.5.5 Finish recharging the battery per 7.3.1.

19、7.5.6 Perform one test per 7.3.3 at 90% of the discharge current rating. The acceptance criterion for this test is that battery voltage shall be 1.2 V per cell or greater at 30 seconds. 7.6 Remote Venting When remote venting is required, the battery shall provide venting exits to which a vent tube e

20、xtension can be attached. Venting exits and vent tube extensions shall be arranged so that vent flow does not become restricted or sealed closed by surrounding components such as battery hold-down devices, cables, battery compartment walls, etc. 7.7 Handles or Lifting Devices Batteries equipped with

21、 lifting devices shall meet the following: With the battery in its normal at-rest position and maintained at a stabilized temperature of 25 qC r 3 qC (77 F r 5 F), each lifting device must be able to withstand a vertically applied static load equal to twice the mass of the battery and a horizontally

22、 applied static load equal to the mass of the battery, each applied for a period of 30 min. 7.8 Battery Sizes Overall dimensions and SAE numbers are shown in SAE J2981. 7.8.1 Configuration and terminal locations are shown in SAE J2981. 7.8.2 Electrical ratings and overall dimensions are shown in SAE

23、 J2981. 7.9 Battery Life Test See SAE J2185 for heavy-duty storage battery life testing. SAE INTERNATIONAL J930 MAY2016 Page 8 of 9 8. APPLICATION GUIDELINES The design and location of the battery tray or carrier may be as important as the selection of the battery itself. The following recommendatio

24、ns, if applied, can contribute to optimizing battery life in Off-Road Machine applications. 8.1 Vibration Considerations Battery trays or carriers should be located to minimize the damaging effects of vibration, especially at frequencies ranging from 3 to 50 Hz. Generally, vibration problems can be

25、minimized by mounting the batteries near the main frame and as close to the center of the machine as possible. 8.2 Environmental Protection Batteries should be located in a clean environment and protected from the accumulation of mud, dirt, water, and other foreign materials which may block vents, e

26、nter the batteries during watering, or contribute to terminal corrosion. Dirty battery tops provide current leakage paths which contribute to high battery self-discharge rates and shortened battery life. 8.3 Ventilation (of Battery Location) Batteries produce hydrogen and oxygen gases as natural by-

27、products of normal operation. These gases may collect in flammable and potentially explosive concentrations around the batteries (if the location is not well ventilated). Batteries shall be located to allow adequate ventilation that will dissipate these gases in a manner that keeps them away from po

28、tential ignition sources such as sparks, flames, and the exhaust system. Where batteries are mounted in an enclosure, adequate venting and air circulation shall be provided. 8.4 Temperature Limitation Exposure to extreme heat will hasten battery deterioration. Therefore, battery carriers should be l

29、ocated away from exhaust systems, radiators, and other high-temperature sources. Battery temperatures should not exceed 52 qC (125F)during normal machine operation. Low battery temperatures cause internal battery resistance to increase. This leads to lower cranking power as well as resistance to cha

30、rging. Batteries which operate at temperatures below 0 qC (32F) risk freezing when discharged. Reference SAE J1310 for battery warmers. 8.5 Voltage Regulation Temperature compensated voltage regulation is recommended. See SAE J180. 8.6 Hold-Down Devices 8.6.1 Batteries should be solidly mounted to t

31、he tray or carrier and subsequently to the machine by means of a system designed to handle the battery weight and withstand the vibration forces generated during machine operation. 8.6.2 Hold-down devices should distribute the load uniformly over the battery container or cover. Hold-down devices sha

32、ll not create stress concentrations. 8.6.3 Clearance shall be provided to avoid blocking of the vent(s) and around the terminals to eliminate the risk of accidental contact that will cause electrical discharge, arcing, or short circuits. 8.6.4 Some hold-down designs are described in SAE J2981. ORM a

33、pplications often require special hold-down methods or consideration. SAE INTERNATIONAL J930 MAY2016 Page 9 of 9 8.7 Terminal and Wiring Connections 8.7.1 See SAE J2981 for battery terminal details. 8.7.2 See SAE J1811 for mating cable connector requirements. 8.7.3 See SAE J538 for grounding of stor

34、age batteries. 8.7.4 See SAE J821 for electrical wiring requirements. 8.7.5 See SAE J1127 for battery cable requirements. 9. CERTIFICATION Suppliers who certify their batteries meet the requirements of this document may note SAE J930 plus the vibration level per SAE J3060 as a reference. However, th

35、ey shall have test data available for users upon request. 10. NOTES 10.1 Revision Indicator A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE BATTERY STANDARDS STARTER BATTERY COMMITTEE