1、 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD Performance Based Standard for Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Exterior Materials Using A Controlled Irradiance Xenon-Arc Apparatus SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering science
2、s. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user. SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed,
3、revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2004 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
4、 otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: custsvcsae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org Issued 2004-02 J2527 ISSUED FEB2004 1. Scope 1.1 This SAE Standard
5、specifies the operating procedures for a controlled irradiance, xenon-arc apparatus used for the accelerated exposure of various exterior automotive materials. 1.2 This is a performance standard based on the test parameters of SAE J1960. 1.3 The sample preparation, test durations, and performance ev
6、aluation procedures are covered in material specifications of the different automotive manufacturers. 1.4 Equipment qualified to perform this test is determined by material test comparison between instruments approved for SAE J1960 and those intending to perform SAE J2527. A specific test protocol t
7、o compare new test equipment to those previously approved must be done by material test comparison by the contractual parties. The interested contractual companies shall identify details of the test protocol and the materials to be tested. At the time of publication of this test method, this committ
8、ee is developing a Protocol To Verify New Test Apparatus identified as SAE J2413. 2. References 2.1 Applicable Publications The following publication form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONS Available f
9、rom SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. www.sae.org SAE J1545 Instrumental Color Difference Measurement for Exterior Finishes, Textiles and Colored Trim, Recommended Practice SAE J1960 - Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Exterior Materials Using a Controlled Irradiance Water Coo
10、led Xenon Arc Apparatus Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2527 Issued FEB2004 - 2 - 2.1.2 ASTM PUBLICATIONS Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
11、2959. www.astm.org ASTM G 113 Standard Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial for Non-Metallic Materials ASTM G 130 Standard Method for Calibration of Narrow and Broad-Band Ultraviolet Radiometers Using a Spectroradiometer ASTM G 147 Standard Practice for conditioning and Handling of Nonmeta
12、llic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests. ASTM G 155 Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials ASTM G 151 Standard Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use laboratory Light Sources. ASTM
13、G 156 Standard Practice for Selecting and Characterizing Reference Materials Used to Monitor Consistency of Operating Conditions in an Exposure Test. ASTM D 859, Standard Test Method for Silica in Water ASTM D 4517, Standard Test Method for Low-Level Total Silica in High-Purity Water by Flameless At
14、omic Absorption Spectroscopy ASTM D 523, Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss ASTM D 660, Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior Paints ASTM D 714 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints ASTM D 2244, Standard Test Method for Calculation of Co
15、lor Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are for information purposes only and are not a required part of this document. 2.2.1 ISO PUBLICATIONS Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rdStreet, New York, NY 10036 ISO 4892-1, Plastics -
16、 methods of exposure to laboratory light sources, Part 1, General guidelines ISO 4892-2, Plastics - Methods of Exposure to laboratory light sources, Part 2 Xenon arc sources 3. Definitions 3.1 Black Panel Thermometer, n 3.1.1 A temperature-measuring device, the sensing unit of which is coated with b
17、lack enamel designed to absorb most of the radiant energy encountered in fade/weathering testing. This is referred to as an un-insulated Black Panel NOTEThese devices provide an estimation of the maximum temperature a specimen might attain during exposure to natural or artificial light. Copyright SA
18、E International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2527 Issued FEB2004 - 3 - 3.2 BSTBlack Standard Thermometer- Insulated Black Panel Thermometer - Refer to ASTM G 151 Annex 2 for definition. 3.3 Other Definit
19、ions Definitions applicable to this standard can be found in ASTM G 113. 4. Significance and Use 4.1 This test method is designed to simulate extreme environmental conditions encountered outside a vehicle such as sunlight, heat, and moisture (in the form of humidity, condensation, or rain) for the p
20、urpose of predicting the weathering performance of automotive materials. 5. Apparatus 5.1 The equipment manufacturer is responsible for the approval of the equipment and for providing the proof of compliance of the critical test parameters, including the different spectral power distributions (SPDs)
21、 that are required by contractual parties. Materials used for the compliance testing should include the approved lots of standard reference materials, such as the Testfabrics polystyrene and/or the AATCC L4 Instrumental Measurements SAE J1545 Instrumental Color Difference Measurement for Exterior Fi
22、nishes, Textiles and Colored Trim, Recommended Practice ASTM D523 Test method for Specular Gloss ASTM D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior Paints ASTM D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Exterior Paint ASTM D2244, Standard Test Method for Calculation of
23、Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates 9. Exposure Report 9.1 The exposure report is as agreed upon by contractual parties. 9.2 The following are examples of information that may be contained in the report. 9.2.1 A copy of the exposure report (Figure 1)indicating the color
24、change of the exposed reference material in CIELAB color difference units must accompany each exposed specimen being submitted for approval. If any one of the color difference data points is outside the specified tolerance (control limits), the cause and corrective action must be indicated in the sp
25、ace provided. 9.2.2 The Exposure Control/Report form shall include the following additional information: 9.2.3 Laboratory Name 9.2.4 Type and serial number of exposure equipment 9.2.5 Month and Year of equipment operation represented by the control chart. 9.2.6 Test method Copyright SAE Internationa
26、l Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2527 Issued FEB2004 - 7 - 9.2.7 Reference material (s) used. Include lot number. 9.2.8 Frequency of operation verification, e.g. daily, three or seven day intervals. 9.2.9
27、Color change, target value, and tolerance in CIELAB color difference units for the reference material(s) used. 9.2.10 The monthly average color difference for the reference material(s). 9.2.11 Daily record of black panel temperature (BPT) 9.2.12 Daily record of dry bulb temperature or chamber temper
28、ature. 9.2.13 Daily record of Irradiance. PREPARED BY THE SAE TEXTILES AND FLEXIBLE PLASTICS COMMITTEE FIGURE 1 Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2527 Issued FEB2004 - 8 - APPENDIX
29、 A85 CABINET MAINTENANCE AND CALIBRATION A.1 Maintenance A.1.1 For best test results a weathering device must be cleaned regularly. In general, the frequency of cleaning necessary will depend on the quality of water used in the device as well as the quality of air used in the device and is present i
30、n the laboratory. As mentioned in 6.2, in some cases samples could exude materials into the chamber that can promote deleterious effects on other samples. This decomposition of test samples may require more frequent cleaning of the test chamber. A.1.2 For recommended cleaning practice, please consul
31、t the appropriate instruction manual. Special attention must be given to the care of the following: Test Chamber Conditioning Chamber (If applicable) Xenon Filters Optical Components Black Sensor (BPT or BST) Xenon Lamp(s) A.1.3 Check Spray Nozzles daily for signs of clogging. If continual clogging
32、occurs, additional filters may be necessary in the water lines supplying the instrument. Replace the nozzles following the manufacturers recommendation. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-
33、,-SAE J2527 Issued FEB2004 - 9 - A.2 Replacement Schedule A.2.1.1 LAMP ASSEMBLY AND RELATED PARTS In general, the xenon lamp and/or its filters should be replaced when the specified irradiance can no longer be achieved or when there is visual evidence of deterioration. Otherwise, adhere strictly to
34、the manufacturers recommendations for the replacement of all consumable items, especially the following: Xenon lamp(s) Xenon lamp filters Optical components A.2.2 Replace the black panel sensor when surface luster can no longer be maintained, or when any bare metal can be seen. A.2.3 Where applicabl
35、e, inspect wet bulb wick weekly and replace when discoloration or mineral deposits are observed. In all cases, observe manufacturers instructions for the maintenance and proper operation of the devices humidification system. A.3 Calibration Checks A.3.1 Check controls or program daily (except weeken
36、ds and holidays) to insure compliance to required test parameters. A.3.2 Calibrate the apparatus every two weeks following the procedures detailed in the operating manual provided by the manufacturer. It is suggested that the calibration be performed on the same day of the week. Copyright SAE Intern
37、ational Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2527 Issued FEB2004 - 10 - APPENDIX B PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING COLORFASTNESS TO LIGHT B.1 Scope B.1.1 Appendix B describes the procedure for using a polystyrene ligh
38、tfastness standard as a reference plastic to assist in determining whether the xenon-arc apparatus is operating properly. B.1.2 Run the polystyrene standard after every calibration (every two weeks) for the specified amount of kilojoules per hours. B.1.3 The color difference values in CIELAB units a
39、re obtained by instrumentally measuring the reference plastic before and after a specified amount of radiant exposure. B.1.4 The polystyrene lightfastness standard may be exposed to a radiant dosage (kJ m-2 nm-1 340 nm for example), which is equivalent to a period ranging from two to seven days. NOT
40、EThe Delta b values provided with the standard are based on the J1960 test method. They do not apply to tests that use higher or lower irradiance levels or that use different filter combinations other than the enhanced UV filters. Weathering instruments that monitor UV on a broadband rather than a n
41、arrowband should apply the equivalent broadband radiant dosages in order to use the target values supplied. Note that the broadband (300 to 400 nm) equivalent of 0.55 Wm-2nm-1at 340 nm is approximately 60 Wm -2). B.2 Procedure B.2.1 Instruments used to determine color difference for this procedure r
42、equire a capability for operation, which includes the specular component and providing CIELAB color values using illuminant D-65, 10 degrees observer data. No substitutions are permitted. Measurements in either a transmittance or a reflectance mode may be used. Only use apertures of 20 mm or greater
43、. B.2.2 Calibrate the instrument to be used for the color measurements to the manufacturers instructions. B.2.3 Reference Material Measurement B.2.3.1 REFLECTANCE MODE B.2.3.1.1 Place a piece of unexposed reference plastic backed with the white tile used for calibration against the sample port of th
44、e instrument. NOTETake precautions to avoid any interference from ambient light. NOTEIn order to preserve the surface of the White Calibration Tile, It is recommended that a second calibration tile be purchased for these measurements. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SA
45、ENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J2527 Issued FEB2004 - 11 - B.2.3.1.2 Take an initial reading. Save this reading and store it as your standard reading. Go to step B.2.4 B.2.3.2 TRANSMITTANCE MODE B.2.3.2.1 Place a piece of unexposed reference p
46、lastic in the proper location as instructed by the manufacturer. If there is no specific recommendation, then place the chips as close to the detector as possible. B.2.3.2.2 Place the white tile used for calibration against the outer sample port of the instrument. NOTEIn order to preserve the surfac
47、e of the White Calibration Tile, It is recommended that a second calibration tile be purchased for these measurements B.2.3.2.3 Take an initial reading. Save this reading and store it as your standard reading. B.2.4 Place a piece of reference plastic in a specimen holder and attach the spring-loaded
48、 holding device. B.2.5 Secure it on the specimen rack adjacent to the black panel thermometer. B.2.6 Always start the exposure apparatus at the beginning of the dark cycle and expose the reference plastic for an equivalent kilojoule (kJ m-2 nm-1 340 nm for example.) period of two to seven days. B.2.
49、7 After the radiant exposure, remove the reference plastic from the apparatus. B.2.8 Examine the surfaces for water spotting. If spotting is found, carefully remove it using a piece of water-saturated white cheesecloth. Thoroughly dry the reference plastic using another piece of white cheesecloth. Spotting is usually an indication of inadequate water quality. The spotting problem must be investigated and corrected
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