SAE J 2601-2-2014 Fueling Protocol for Gaseous Hydrogen Powered Heavy Duty Vehicles.pdf

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5、d 2014-09 Fueling Protocol for Gaseous Hydrogen Powered Heavy Duty Vehicles RATIONALE As of publishing, there is not a published standard fueling protocol or adopted method for fueling hydrogen powered heavy duty transit buses and heavy duty vehicles that establishes the safety limits and performanc

6、e requirements for gaseous hydrogen fuel dispensers. As the market for hydrogen powered heavy duty transit buses expands, there is an industry interest to establish a standard fueling guideline for hydrogen powered heavy duty transit buses and vehicles. FOREWORD The intent of this document is to pro

7、vide guidance for performance oriented dispenser standards for safe fueling of hydrogen powered transit buses and heavy duty vehicles. 1. SCOPE The purpose of this document is to provide performance requirements for hydrogen dispensing systems used for fueling 35 MPa heavy duty hydrogen transit buse

8、s and vehicles (other pressures are optional). This document establishes the boundary conditions for safe heavy duty hydrogen surface vehicle fueling, such as safety limits and performance requirements for gaseous hydrogen fuel dispensers used to fuel hydrogen transit buses. For fueling light-duty v

9、ehicles SAE J2601 should be used. SAE J2601-2 is a performance based protocol document that also provides guidance to fueling system builders, manufacturers of gaseous hydrogen powered heavy duty transit buses, and operators of the hydrogen powered vehicle fleet(s). This fueling protocol is suitable

10、 for heavy duty vehicles with a combined vehicle CHSS capacity larger than 10 kilograms aiming to support all practical capacities of transit buses. It is non-prescriptive in how to achieve a full fill or 100% state of charge (SOC) in the vehicle tank storage system. This document is an independent

11、document from SAE J2601 “Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles” and should be used separately. The fueling limits shown in this document are harmonized with the fueling assumptions used for on-board fuel systems, as provided by gaseous hydrogen transit bus manufacturers.

12、 SAE INTERNATIONAL J2601-2 Issued SEP2014 Page 2 of 13 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available fr

13、om SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J1939 Serial Control and Communications Heavy Duty Vehicle Network Top Level Document SAE J2574 Fuel Cell Vehicle Terminology SAE J2578 R

14、ecommended Practice for General Fuel Cell Vehicle Safety SAE J2579 Standard for Fuel Systems in Fuel Cell and Other Hydrogen Vehicles SAE J2600 Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle Fueling Connection Devices SAE J2601 Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface Vehicles SAE J2719 Hydrog

15、en Fuel Quality for Fuel Cell Vehicles SAE J2760 Pressure Terminology Used in Fuel Cells and Other Hydrogen Vehicle Applications SAE J2799 Hydrogen Surface Vehicle to Station Communications Hardware and Software 2.1.2 ISO Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43r

16、d Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ISO 14687-2 Hydrogen Fuel - Product Specifications ISO 13849-1 Safety - Related Parts of Control Systems ISO 17268:2012 Gaseous Hydrogen Land Vehicle Refuelling Connection Devices ISO 19078 Gas Cylinders - Inspection of the Cy

17、linder Installation, and Requalification of High Pressure Cylinders for the On-Board Storage of Natural Gas as a Fuel for Automotive Vehicles ISO/DIS 20100 Gaseous Hydrogen - Fuelling Stations SAE INTERNATIONAL J2601-2 Issued SEP2014 Page 3 of 13 2.1.3 CSA Publications Available from CSA Internation

18、al, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3, Tel: 416-747-4000, www.csa-international.org. CSA B51-09 Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code ANSI/CSA CHMC 1-2014 Test Methods for Evaluating Material Compatibility in Compressed Hydrogen Applications - Metals CSA HGV 2- 2014

19、 Hydrogen Fuel System Containers (to be published March 2014) CSA HGV 3.1 2013 Fuel system components for compressed hydrogen gas powered vehicles ANSI/CSA HGV 4.1-2013 Standard for Hydrogen Dispensing Systems ANSI/CSA HGV 4.2-2013 Standard for Hoses for Compressed Hydrogen fuel Stations, Dispensers

20、 and Vehicle fuel Systems ANSI/CSA HGV 4.4-2013 Standard for Breakaway Devices for Compressed Hydrogen Dispensing Hoses and Systems ANSI/CSA HGV 4.5-2013 Standard for Priority and Sequencing Equipment for Hydrogen Vehicle Fueling ANSI/CSA HGV 4.6-2013 Manually Operated Valves for use in Gaseous Hydr

21、ogen Vehicle Fueling Stations ANSI/CSA HGV 4.7-2013 Automatic Valves for use in Gaseous Hydrogen Vehicle Fueling Stations ANSI/CSA HGV 4.8-2012 Hydrogen Gas Vehicle Fueling Station Compressor Guidelines ANSI/CSA HGV 4.10-2012 Standard for Fittings for Compressed Hydrogen gas and Hydrogen Rich gas Mi

22、xtures ANSI/HPRD 1-2013 Thermally activated pressure relief devices for compressed hydrogen vehicle fuel containers 2.1.4 ISA Publications Available from the International Society of Automation, 67 T.W. Alexander Drive, PO Box 12277, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, Tel: (919) 549-8411, www.isa.org

23、 ANSI/ISA-75.02.01-2008Control Valve Capacity Test Procedures 2.1.5 European Commission Publications EC79 Regulation (EC) No 79/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 January 2009 on type-approval of hydrogen-powered motor vehicles, and amending Directive 2007/46/EC Available at:

24、http:/eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:035:0032:0046:EN:PDF or http:/eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009R0079:EN:NOT 2.1.6 US DOT Publications FMCSA-RRT-07-020 Guidelines for Use of Hydrogen Fuel in Commercial Vehicles Available at: http:/www.fmcsa.dot.

25、gov/facts-research/research-technology/report/guidelines-h2-fuel-in-cmvs-nov2007.pdf SAE INTERNATIONAL J2601-2 Issued SEP2014 Page 4 of 13 3. ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS 3.1 Abbreviations ASOV Automatic Shut Off Valve CHSS Compressed Hydrogen Storage System (on board vehicle) ESDS Emergency Shut Down

26、System FS Fueling Station FSP Full Storage Pressure H2 Hydrogen gas HSV Hydrogen Surface Vehicle HDHSV Heavy Duty Hydrogen Surface Vehicle LDHSV Light Duty Hydrogen Surface Vehicle MAWP Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (dispenser system) NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology NWP Nomi

27、nal Working Pressure (same as SP) PRD Pressure Relief Device (thermally activated gas release device in vehicle fuel system) PRV Pressure Relief Valve (mechanical valve in fueling station; over-pressure protection) SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SOC State of Charge SP Service Pressure, (same as

28、 NWP) VFA Vehicle Fueling Appliance 3.2 Symbols P Pressure T Temperature Density t Time SAE INTERNATIONAL J2601-2 Issued SEP2014 Page 5 of 13 4. DEFINITIONS 4.1 CAPACITY 4.1.1 HDHSV Compressed Hydrogen Storage System Rated Capacity Total rated onboard storage capacity of heavy duty gaseous hydrogen

29、bus or vehicle in kilograms based on the nominal working pressure (NWP) and the water volume of the CHSS. 4.1.2 Fueling Rate Fueling rate in g/s, measured at the nozzle, typically at variable speeds during the fueling process. 4.2 COMMUNICATION 4.2.1 Active Communication Communication between vehicl

30、e and station about vehicle tank storage system bulk hydrogen gas temperature, CHSS pressure, CHSS internal volume, and detected hydrogen leaks. 4.3 DISPENSER COMPONENTS 4.3.1 Breakaway Device in hose assembly that minimizes damage to the dispenser in the event when a vehicle drives off while the di

31、spenser nozzle is connected. 4.3.2 Communication Connector n optional connector specified by the HDHSV operator or HDHSV manufacturer to enable data transfer from the HDHSV to the dispenser. It may also be used to ground the vehicle prior to fueling. 4.3.3 Connection or Coupling A coupling (receptac

32、le with matching nozzle) as per SAE J2600 (or ISO 17268:2012), a joined assembly of Hydrogen Surface Vehicle (HSV) nozzle and receptacle which permits quick connect and disconnect of fuel supply to the vehicle. 4.3.4 Dispenser The equipment that controls each fueling event; a transfer of hydrogen fu

33、el from the station storage systems or compression system to HDHSV vehicle storage system for the purpose of fueling the vehicle. 4.3.5 Dispenser Hose The flexible hose assembly which transfers gas between the dispenser and nozzle, as specified in e.g. ANSI/CSA HGV 4.2-2013. 4.3.6 Hydrogen Supply Sy

34、stem The equipment required to condition and transfer fuel from the station hydrogen source to vehicle dispensing systems for the purpose of fueling a fleet of HDHSVs. SAE INTERNATIONAL J2601-2 Issued SEP2014 Page 6 of 13 4.3.7 Nozzle Device connected to a fuel dispensing system which engages the ve

35、hicle receptacle and permits the transfer of fuel. SAE J2600 and/or ISO 17268:2012 define the mechanical nozzle geometry for fueling HDHSVs operating with a nominal pressure of 35 MPa. 4.4 HDHSV CHSS COMPONENTS 4.4.1 Connection or Coupling A coupling (receptacle with matching nozzle) as per SAE J260

36、0 (or ISO 17268:2012), a joined assembly of Hydrogen Surface Vehicle (HSV) nozzle and receptacle which permits quick connect and disconnect of fuel supply to the vehicle. 4.4.2 Automatic Fuel Tank Valves Fuel tanks are typically outfitted with an automatic valve or automatic container valve (as defi

37、ned in CSA HGV 3.1-2013) which is connected to the common fill line coming from the vehicle receptacle. 4.4.3 HDHSV Tank Storage System The HDHSV gaseous hydrogen gas storage tank system (CHSS) of multiple tanks combined, including the piping and connectors to connect these tanks to each other and t

38、o the receptacle. 4.4.4 Receptacle Device connected to a vehicle or storage system that receives the dispenser nozzle and permits transfer of fuel. This may also be referred to as a fueling inlet. SAE J2600 and ISO 17268:2012 define the mechanical receptacle geometry for fueling HDHSVs operating wit

39、h a nominal pressure of 35 MPa. 4.5 HEAVY DUTY HYDROGEN SURFACE VEHICLE HDHSVs or hydrogen powered heavy duty vehicles are generally hydrogen powered heavy duty transit buses (transit buses) and LDHSVs are passenger vehicles fueled with gaseous hydrogen. However, heavy duty vehicles with similar sto

40、rage capacity as those mentioned in 4.1.1 are assumed to fall within the same category. 4.6 HYDROGEN POWERED HEAVY DUTY TRANSIT BUS A Hydrogen Powered Heavy Duty Transit Bus (bus) is a mobile, power-driven vehicle used to move a large number of passengers which makes frequent stops to facilitate ent

41、ering and departing the vehicle in an urban environment, etc. 4.7 PRESSURE 4.7.1 Initial CHSS Pressure The vehicle CHSS pressure as measured by the dispenser system after the dispenser provides the initial pressure pulse 4.7.2 Integrity Test Verification of the leak-tightness of the fuel hose, break

42、away, nozzle, receptacle prior to the start of fueling and/or during the fueling event. 4.7.3 Vehicle Storage Tank Valve Functional Check A vehicle storage tank valve functional check or test performed during fueling, regular maintenance or vehicle diagnostics check to determine if there are any mal

43、functioning tank valves in the system. SAE INTERNATIONAL J2601-2 Issued SEP2014 Page 7 of 13 4.7.4 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) The MAWP is the maximum gauge pressure of the working fluid (gas or liquid) to which a piece of process equipment or system is rated with consideration for ini

44、tiating fault management (see Figure A1 “Comparison of Pressure Vessel and Container Terminology” in Appendix A of J2579). 4.7.5 Nominal Working Pressure (NWP) The NWP is the gauge pressure that characterizes typical operation of a vehicle pressure vessel, container, or system. For compressed hydrog

45、en gas containers, the vessel pressure NWP is specified by the manufacturer, at a uniform gas temperature of 15 C and 100% SOC. NWP is sometimes known as Service Pressure (SP) or Pressure Class. 4.7.6 Pressure Class The pressure class will be defined by the protocols nominal working pressure. The cl

46、ass is denoted by the letter H followed by the nominal working pressure in MPa. For example, H35 is the pressure class for a hydrogen fueling protocol with a NWP of 35 MPa. 4.7.7 Pressure Drop The difference in pressure of gaseous hydrogen between two points in the fueling system used to fuel a vehi

47、cle. A high pressure drop leads to two effects that both yield a higher CHSS gas temperature at the end of fueling: First, the fueling is delayed. This consequently delays the temperature rise inside the CHSS and gives the gas less time to exchange heat with the internal liner surface. Secondly, mor

48、e Joule-Thomson heating is introduced into the CHSS because a higher station pressure is required to generate a given mass flow rate, and the enthalpy of hydrogen fuel gas increases with pressure. 4.7.8 Tank Pressure Pressure of hydrogen gas within each (single) vehicle storage tank 4.7.9 CHSS Press

49、ure Pressure of hydrogen gas within a vehicle storage tank system (CHSS). It is assumed that all tanks in the CHSS are at equal pressure. 4.7.10 Target Fill Pressure The calculated pressure at which the dispenser will stop the fueling event in accordance to the boundaries outlined in this document 4.8 STATE OF CHARGE The ratio of CHSS hydrogen density to the density at NWP rated at the standard temperature 15 C. SOC is