SAE J 2907-2017 Performance Characterization of Electrified Powertrain Motor-drive Subsystem.pdf

1、_ SAE Technical 6WDQGDUGV%RDUG5XOHVSURYLGHWKDW7KLVUHSRUWLVSXEOLVKHGE 6$(WRDGYDQFHWKHVWDWHRIWHFKQLFDODQGHQJLQHHULQJVFLHQF es. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patenWLQIULQJHPHQWDULVLQJWKHUHIURPLVWKHVROHUHVSRQVLEL

2、OLWRIWKHXVHU SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stor

3、ed in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790

4、Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/J2907_201702 SURFACE VEHICLE INFORMATION REPORT J2907 FEB2017 Issued 2017-02 Performance Characterization of Electrified Powertra

5、in Motor-drive Subsystem RATIONALE Ratings of motors intended for electric vehicle traction often do not come with sufficient information to extract meaningful technical data to enable valid performance comparisons. Test procedures are varied among manufacturers and frequently are not explicitly def

6、ined when motor characteristics are quoted, resulting in ambiguous and vague specifications that can confuse both consumers and developers. This document was developed to establish a foundation for the standardization of motor tests for electric machines used in electric traction drive systems. Its

7、intent is to specify procedures for tests to be done in a laboratory setting to foster a consistent and repeatable mechanism for the assessment of motor net power and maximum 30 minute power. This facilitates a solid basis for comparisons of different motors as well as a mechanism to establish relia

8、ble, repeatable, sanctioned specifications. In this document the cited tests apply to electric traction drive subsystems as a generic component of vehicle propulsion for light duty passenger cars, motor cycles, and low speed electrified vehicles for which power can be quantified in a laboratory sett

9、ing and validated by independent testing laboratories. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE . 3 1.1 Background and Purpose 3 1.2 Field of Application . 4 1.3 Optional Data Recording 4 2. REFERENCES . 5 2.1 Applicable Documents . 5 2.1.1 SAE Documents . 5 2.1.2 IEEE Documents 5 2.1.3 ASME Publications . 5 2.2

10、Related Publications 6 2.2.1 ASTM Publications . 6 2.2.2 IEC Publications . 6 3. DEFINITIONS 7 SAE INTERNATIONAL J2907)(% Page 2 of 24 4. TEST PROCEDURES 11 4.1 Initialization 11 4.1.1 Dynamometer Initialization . 11 4.1.2 Power Supply Requirement . 12 4.1.3 Maximum Torque . 12 4.1.4 Maximum Torque

11、Validation 12 4.2 Maximum Net Power Validation . 12 4.2.1 Maximum Net Power Equipment Configuration . 13 4.2.2 Maximum Net Power Preconditioning 13 4.2.3 Maximum Net Power Determination 13 4.3 The Maximum 30 Minute Power Validation . 13 4.3.1 Maximum 30 Minute Power Equipment Configuration . 13 4.3.

12、2 Maximum 30 Minute Power Preconditioning . 14 4.3.3 Maximum 30 Minute Power Determination 14 5. TEST INSTRUMENTATION 14 5.1 Instrumentation Accuracy. 14 5.2 Additional Instrumentation . 15 5.3 Thermal Equilibrium (also, Thermal Stabilization) . 16 6. CALCULATIONS 17 6.1 Instrumentation Bandwidth 17

13、 6.2 Bandwidth of Instrumentation Cascade . 17 6.3 Calculation of Mechanical Power . 18 6.4 Calculation of Maximum Net Power . 19 6.5 Calculation of Maximum 30 Minute Power. 19 7. Test Data 19 7.1 Recording Results (Optional): 19 APPENDIX A . 20 APPENDIX B . 21 FIGURE 1 TYPES OR ELECTRIC TRACTION MO

14、TORS 4 FIGURE 2 TORQUE-SPEED AND POWER CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED TRACTION MOTOR TYPES . 9 FIGURE 3 ILLUSTRATION OF LABORATORY DYNAMOMETER TEST OF 1600 kg BEV ESTIMATED ETDS PERFORMANCE FOR REAL WORLD DRIVING APPROXIMATED BY THE COMBINED DRIVE CYCLE, CDC SOLID TRACES ARE PEAK (280 1P) AND CONTINUOU

15、S TORQUE (160 1P) AND POWER ENVELOPES . 11 FIGURE 4 EXAMPLE LABORATORY DYNAMOMETER TEST OF ETDS FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM FOR BENCH DYNAMOMETER TEST . 13 FIGURE 5 LABORATORY EQUIPMENT FOR ETDS TEST INCLUDING BATTERY EMULATOR . 16 FIGURE 6 CIRCUIT TO ILLUSTRATE tr AND fB1 . 17 TABLE 1 LABORATORY INSTRUMENTA

16、TION ACCURACY . 15 TABLE 2 UNIT CONVERSIONs 18 SAE INTERNATIONAL J2907)(% Page 3 of 24 1. SCOPE This document was developed to provide a method of obtaining repeatable measurements that accurately reflects the performance of a propulsion electric drive subsystem, whose output is used in an electrifi

17、ed vehicle regardless of complexity or number of energy sources. The purpose is to provide a familiar and easy-to-understand performance rating. Whenever there is an opportunity for interpretation of the document, a good faith effort shall be made to obtain the typical in-service performance and cha

18、racteristics and avoid finding the best possible performance under the best possible conditions. Intentional biasing of operating parameters or assembly tolerances to optimize performance for this test shall not be considered valid results in the scope of this document. 1.1 Background and Purpose El

19、ectrified vehicles are increasing in market share, and are expected to continue to do so. These advanced vehicles are currently found on dealer lots and in marketing material. They are being compared to conventional vehicles powered by internal combustion engines; whether in light-duty, heavy-duty,

20、or off-road applications. Additionally, these vehicles are being compared with other electrified vehicles which may operate with different voltage levels or powertrain configurations. Currently there is no widely accepted standard for specifying the performance of a traction motor. It is our intenti

21、on to be as similar in approach as possible to the existing worldwide standard UN ECE R85 (uniform provisions concerning the approval of internal combustion engines or electric drive trains intended for the propulsion of motor vehicles of categories M and N with regard to the measurement of net powe

22、r and the maximum 30 minutes power of electric drive trains). In addition, a wide variety of powertrain configurations, as well as limitations arising due to the traction battery, cooling system, or vehicle controls, makes it difficult to predict the net and continuous power of the electric motor, t

23、he major component in an electric traction drive subsystem (ETDS), once installed in its application vehicle. The SAE J2907 test procedure provides an accurate assessment of the ETDS performance, under controlled laboratory conditions, using manufacturer supplied equipment settings, as the basis for

24、 in-vehicle performance as outlined in SAE J2908. The test procedure is comprised of three sections. Section 1 is an initialization procedure that includes specific preconditioning of the ETDS. Section 2 is the maximum net power (synonymous with peak power) rating of the ETDS for manufacturer (MFG)

25、specified power supply voltage, test speed, coolant system setpoints, and operator interface software. Section 3 covers maximum 30 minute power rating, a measure of continuous power capability of the ETDS under manufacturer prescribed power supply voltage, test speed, coolant system setpoints, and o

26、perator interface software. 7KHWHVWVGHWDLOHGKHUHLQDUHDSSOLFDWLRQDJQRVWLFDQGVKRXOGQRWEHLQWHUSUHWHGDV IDYRULQJDQSDUWLFXODUPRWRURULQYHUW er technology, powertrain architecture, or type of control employed. This technical report has been developed to document the consensus from industry stakeholders on

27、acceptable motor test methods to enable a formal means of characterizing the motor as an ETDS component and communicating those characteristics. As such, the full ETDS represents the minimum hardware complement of this procedure, performed out of vehicle on a laboratory dynamometer using a regulated

28、 power supply. Use of high power industrial ac drive inverters and controls other than manfuacturer supplied production algorithms (not to be modified) is outside the scope and purpose of this document. Due to the inclusion of the inverter and associated production software, the majority of the test

29、ing results will reflect the characteristics of the motor in a specific application. The implementation of one motor design in multiple applications or with different inverters or with different algorithms and/or parameterization would require retesting to obtain the motor characteristics that repre

30、sent the different motor drive systems. The procedures stated in this document apply whether the ETDS provides direct access to its motor shaft, or access via an integrated gearbox, so that test fixturing requirements are minimized. This document should be viewed as a starting point for the standard

31、ization of electric traction motor testing. This technology will be evolving as newer and more integrated drive systems become commercially available. It is likely, therefore, that these test protocols will need to be periodically revisited and revised, as the industry matures. SAE INTERNATIONAL J29

32、07)(% Page 4 of 24 1.2 Field of Application The electric drive system in the scope of this document includes the ETDS consisting of: x Drive motor with access to its output shaft, either directly or via a gearbox. x Power inverter plus control electronics having MFG supplied production software. x C

33、ables and sensors as needed for operation, data acquisition, and operator interface software. x Any enclosures required to support the operating system. x Entire cooling system that mocks up vehicle usage. This document is meant to cover electrified powertrain motor-drive subsystem regardless of end

34、 use. Typical applications include fuel cell EV (FCEV), battery electric vehicle (BEV), hybrid EV (HEV), plug-in EV (PHEV), or range extended EV (EREV), regardless of architecture. Also included within this field of application are ETDS units as may be found in electric motorcycles, scooters, and lo

35、w speed electric vehicles such as Neighborhood EVs. Motor only characterization tests are not covered by this document. Instead, appropriate motor test procedures for the characterization of particular electric machine types, such as those illustrated in Figure 1 is described in the following IEEE S

36、tandards, and should be consulted for more in-depth testing. x Std. 11 for rail and road vehicles x Draft Std. P1812 for permanent magnet machines x Std. 112 for polyphase induction motors and generators x Std. 115 for synchronous machines 1.3 Optional Data Recording Appendices are provided in this

37、TIR for recording pertinent information about the traction motor and its drive system undergoing test. Users are provided Appendix B as a template for recording results and Appendix A as a communications tear-off sheet that summarizes how well net and maximum 30 minute power match manufacturer decla

38、red values. Figure 1 - Types or electric traction motors SAE INTERNATIONAL J2907)(% Page 5 of 24 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall

39、apply. 2.1.1 SAE Documents Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J1715 Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) Terminology SAE J2344 Guidelines

40、for Electric Vehicle Safety 2.1.2 IEEE Documents Available from IEEE Operations Center, 445 and 501 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-4141, Tel: 732-981-0060, www.ieee.org. IEEE Std 11 Rotating Electric machinery for Rail and Road Vehicles IEEE Std 1812TM Trial use Guide for Testing Permanent Magnet M

41、achines IEEE Std 112 Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators IEEE Std 115 Test Procedures for Synchronous Machines Part I $FFHSWDQFHDQG3HUIRUPDQFH7HVWLQJ Part II 7HVW3URFHGXUHVDQG3DUDPHWHUHWHUPLQDWLRQIRUQDPLF$QDOVLV 2.1.3 ASME Publications Available from ASME, P.O. Box 2900, 22

42、Law Drive, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900, Tel: 800-843-2763 (U.S./Canada), 001-800-843-2763 (Mexico), 973-882-1170 (outside North America), www.asme.org. UL9540 Safety of Energy Storage Systems and Equipment UL1741 Inverters, Converters, Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment for use with Distr

43、ibuted Energy Resources UL1973 Batteries for use in Light Electric Rail and Stationary Applications UL2200 Stationary Engine Generator Assemblies UL810 Standard for Safety Capacitors SAE INTERNATIONAL J2907)(% Page 6 of 24 2.2 Related Publications 2.2.1 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM Internat

44、ional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. UN/ECE R85 Uniform provisions concerning the approval of internal combustion engines or electric drive trains intended for the propulsion of motor vehicles of categories M and N with regar

45、d to the measurement of net power and the maximum 30 minutes power of electric drive trains 2.2.2 IEC Publications Available from IEC Central Office, 3, rue de Varembe, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +41 22 919 02 11, www.iec.ch. IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) EI

46、C/TR 60785 Ed. 1.0b:1984 7HFKQLFDO5HSRUW5RWDWLQJ0DFKL nes for Electric Road Vehicles IEC 60349-1 Electric Traction-Rotating Electrical Machines for Rail and Road Vehicles Part 1- 0DFKLQHV2WKHUWKDQElectronic Converter-Fed Alternating Current Motors IEC 60349-2 Electric Traction-Rotating Electrical Ma

47、chines for Rail and Road Vehicles-Part 2: Electronic Converter-Fed Alternating Current Motors IEC 60349-3 Electric Traction-Rotating Electrical Machines for Rail and Road Vehicles-Part 3: Determination of the total Losses of Converter-Fed Alternating Current Motors by Summation of the Component Losses IEC 60349-4 Electric Traction-Rotating Electrical Machines for Rail and Road