1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22644-2 SANS 10034-2:2009 Edition 2 ISO 34-2:2007 Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determinati
4、on of tear strength Part 1: Small (Delft) test pieces This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 34-2:2007 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 P
5、retoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. SANS 10034-2:2009 Edition 2 ISO 34-2:2007 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South
6、African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, in accordance with the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in April 2009. This SANS document supersedes SANS 10034-2:2003 (edition 1)
7、. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. Reference number ISO 34-2:2007(E) ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 34-2 Second edition 2007-07-15 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of tear strength Part 2: Small (Delft) test
8、 pieces Caoutchouc vulcanis ou thermoplastique Dtermination de la rsistance au dchirement Partie 2: Petites prouvettes (prouvettes de Delft) SANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 34-2:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This P
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10、n the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the
11、PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMEN
12、T ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in
13、 the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reservedSANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved s
14、ubscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 34-2:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Principle. 1 4 Apparatus 2 5 Test pieces 2 5.1 Shape and dimensions. 2 5.2 Measurement of dimensions . 2 5.3 Time interval between vulc
15、anization and testing 6 5.4 Number 6 6 Temperature of test 6 7 Procedure 6 8 Expression of results . 6 9 Precision 7 10 Test report . 7 Annex A (informative) Precision . 8 SANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 34-
16、2:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member b
17、ody interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electro
18、technical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
19、by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent r
20、ights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 34-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 34-2:1996), which has b
21、een revised principally to update the normative references (ISO 471, ISO 3383 and ISO 4648 have been replaced by ISO 23529). Since ISO 5893 has also been revised, the force-measuring accuracy of the tensile-testing machine has been corrected to class 2. The text concerning precision in Clause 9 has
22、been combined with Annexes A, B and C to give a new Annex A. In addition, the layout of Clause 10, the test report, has been updated. ISO 34 consists of the following parts, under the general title Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of tear strength: Part 1: Trouser, angle and crescen
23、t test pieces Part 2: Small (Delft) test pieces SANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 34-2:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of tear st
24、rength Part 2: Small (Delft) test pieces WARNING Persons using this part of ISO 34 should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This part of ISO 34 does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish approp
25、riate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. CAUTION Certain procedures specified in this part of ISO 34 may involve the use or generation of substances, or the generation of waste, that could constitute a local environmental hazard. Reference s
26、hould be made to appropriate documentation on safe handling and disposal after use. 1 Scope This part of ISO 34 specifies a method for the determination of the tear strength of small test pieces (Delft test pieces) of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubber. NOTE The method does not necessarily give resu
27、lts agreeing with those given by the method described in ISO 34-1, which uses trouser, angle and crescent test pieces. It is used in preference to ISO 34-1 when the available material is limited, and may be particularly suitable for testing small finished products. 2 Normative references The followi
28、ng referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5893:2002, Rubber and plastics test equipment Tensile, f
29、lexural and compression types (constant rate of traverse) Specification lSO/TR 9272, Rubber and rubber products Determination of precision for test method standards ISO 23529:2004, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods 3 Principle The force re
30、quired to tear across the width of a small test piece containing a slit in the centre is measured. SANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 34-2:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved4 Apparatus 4.1 Tensile-testing m
31、achine, complying with the requirements of ISO 5893, capable of measuring force with an accuracy corresponding to class 2 as defined in ISO 5893:2002, and with a rate of traverse of the moving grip of 500 mm/min 50 mm/min. The capacity of the test machine shall be such that the force required to tea
32、r the test piece will be not less than 15 % or more than 85 % of that capacity. 4.2 Die, for cutting out the test piece. The construction of the die and the knife which cuts the slit are shown in Figures 1 and 2. 4.3 Micrometer gauge, complying with the requirements of ISO 23529 and having a circula
33、r foot approximately 6 mm in diameter which exerts a pressure of 22 kPa 5 kPa. 4.4 Travelling microscope, giving at least 10 magnification, fitted with a graticule graduated at 0,01 mm intervals. 5 Test pieces 5.1 Shape and dimensions The test pieces shall be rectangular and shall conform to the dim
34、ensions shown in Figure 3 and Table 1. The test pieces shall be cut from a sheet by punching with the die (4.2), using a single blow of a mallet or (preferably) a single stroke of a press. The rubber can be wetted with water or a soap solution, and shall be supported on a sheet of slightly yielding
35、material (for example leather, rubber belting or cardboard) on a flat, rigid surface. The tear strength is particularly susceptible to grain effects in the rubber. Normally, all test pieces are prepared with the grain at right angles to their length, but, in cases where grain effects are significant
36、 and are to be evaluated, two sets of test pieces shall be cut from the sheet, one at right angles to the grain and the other parallel to the grain. The thickness d of the test pieces shall be 2,0 mm 0,2 mm. 5.2 Measurement of dimensions 5.2.1 Measurement of thickness Measure the thickness of the te
37、st piece by method A of ISO 23529:2004. Take at least three gauge readings in the region of the slit. If an even number of readings is taken, use the average of the two median values as the result. If an odd number of readings is taken, use the median value. No reading shall deviate by more than 2 %
38、 from the value used. When the test results are to be used for comparative purposes, the thickness of any test piece shall not vary by more than 10 % from the mean thickness of all the test pieces. SANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing c
39、lients of the SABS.ISO 34-2:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 Dimensions in millimetres b 3= W w (second method) Figure 1 Die for Delft test pieces SANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 34-2:2007(E) 4 ISO 200
40、7 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres a) Enlarged detail of blade for cutting out test piece b) Enlarged detail of small blade for cutting slit aCutting edge. Figure 2 Details of Delft test piece die cutting edges aSlit to be symmetrical with the width. Figure 3 Test piece Table 1 Dimension
41、s of test piece Dimension Value mm L Length 60 B Width 9,0 0,1 b Slit length 5,0 0,1 SANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 34-2:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 5 5.2.2 Measurement of the total width outside t
42、he slit 5.2.2.1 General The total width outside the slit b 3corresponds to the rubber to be torn. Two methods of measurement can be used. The first method is theoretically more exact, but is difficult to use in practice. The second method, which is in common use, is simpler but can give different re
43、sults. Unless otherwise specified, use the second method. Results obtained using test pieces measured by different methods shall not be compared. 5.2.2.2 First method: Measurement by travelling microscope Variations occur in the length of the slit and in the total width of the test piece when the sa
44、me die is used to prepare test pieces from rubber of different hardnesses. Moreover, the slit might not be uniform throughout its depth, but might be wider at one surface. Take one test piece which has been cut out with the die, therefore, and use it to measure the width to be torn by cutting the te
45、st piece through with a sharp razor blade in the plane of the slit and measuring the cut surfaces (width on either side of the slit) with a travelling microscope. The ends of the slit are curved as shown in Figure 4, and an attempt shall be made to allow for this curvature when measuring the width o
46、n either side of the slit, as follows. Take as the width on the left-hand side b 1 , which is the distance from the line AB to an imaginary line A B which is situated so that the total area S 1+ S 2= S 3 . Similarly, on the right-hand side, imagine a line CD situated so that the total area S 1 + S 2
47、 = S 3 and b 2is the width. The total width b 3outside the slit (i.e. the rubber to be torn) is then b 1+ b 2 . Dimensions in millimetres b 3= b 1+ b 2(first method) aTop. bBottom. Figure 4 Section through slit in Delft test piece SANS 10034-2:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approv
48、ed subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 34-2:2007(E) 6 ISO 2007 All rights reserved5.2.2.3 Second (simpler) method: Measurement from the dimensions of the die used to cut the test piece Calculate b 3from the dimensions of the die (see Figure 1), using the following equation: 3 bWw =
49、where W is the measured distance between the cutting edges of the die; w is the measured width of the blade for cutting the slit. 5.3 Time interval between vulcanization and testing The time between vulcanization and testing shall be in accordance with ISO 23529. 5.4 Number At least three and preferably six test pieces shall be tested. 6 Temperature of test The test is normally carried out at a standard laboratory temperature of 23 C 2 C or 27 C 2 C, as specified
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