1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-19709-4 SANS 10117:2008Edition 2.2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Calculation and prediction of aircraft noise around airports for land us
4、e purposes Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 2004 Amended to
5、replace reference to SANS 60651 with SANS 61672-1. Amdt 2 2008 Amended to update the definition of reference time interval, and to update cross-references and a requirement regarding the determination of noise contours. Acknowledgement Standards South Africa wishes to acknowledge the valuable assist
6、ance derived from publications of the following organizations: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Southern African Acoustics Institute Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC 76, Acoustics, electro-acoustics and vibration, in accordance with procedures of
7、 Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in February 2008. This document supersedes SANS 10117:2004 (edition 2.1). This standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the Integrated Noise Model (INM) (latest version) users guide,
8、developed and published by the FAA, which contains the computer model and program for the calculation of noise contours around an airport. Annex A is for information only. SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 1 Introduction The 1974 edition of this standard contained a prediction model for aircraft noise tha
9、t was developed for South Africa by the then Aeronautical Division of the CSIR in the mid 1960s. This model has provided excellent service for the long time span of its application. However, due to its outdated data base, the problems experienced in the maintenance of the data base, the complexity o
10、f the model, and the use of a noise descriptor that could not be readily compared with noise caused by other sources, it became evident that the standard needed to be revised. Since there is no international model for the prediction of aircraft noise available, the responsible Working Group decided
11、to adopt the computer-based method developed by the FAA. This method is widely used internationally. It is readily available and is continuously being updated by the FAA. In recent studies done by Standards South Africa, the prediction results of the INM method compared favourably with that of the 1
12、974 edition, as well as with the measurement results. Responsibilities in terms of legislation It is the responsibility of the relevant authorities appointed by the Minister of Transport to enforce aircraft noise regulations in South Africa. The policies regarding the management and control of aircr
13、aft noise around airports and the responsibilities of the different role players prescribed in the relevant legislation include, inter alia, the following: Enforcement of noise regulations Overall governing responsibility for the calculation of noise contours Establishment of a representative airpor
14、t environmental committee Responsibility for data collection Financial responsibility for calculating noise contours Responsibility for calculating noise contours Publishing of results Although this standard complies with current legislation, no direct references have been made to the relevant Acts
15、or Regulations, as amended from time to time. SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 2 Contents Page Acknowledgement Foreword Introduction Responsibilities in terms of legislation 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions . 4 4 Noise contours 6 5 Prediction model 7 5.1 Method . 7 5.2 Noise descriptor 7
16、6 Reports 7 Annex A (informative) Input data required by the INM model . 8 SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 3 Calculation and prediction of aircraft noise around airports for land use purposes 1 Scope 1.1 This standard covers the calculation and prediction of aircraft noise around airports for land use p
17、urposes. 1.2 The methods given in this standard are applicable to conventional turbo-engined propeller-driven aircraft and to jet-propelled aircraft, that require a runway for take-off and landing. NOTE The predicted noise levels determined in accordance with this standard may differ significantly f
18、rom actual noise measurements conducted during normal operations at the airport. The procedures to measure noise levels of in-service aircraft operations around airports, as prescribed in ISO 3891, can therefore not be used to validate the noise contours that were determined in accordance with this
19、standard. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. All normative documents are subject to revision and since any reference to a normative document is deemed to be a reference to the late
20、st edition of that document, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from Standards South Af
21、rica. 2.1 Standards ISO 3891, Acoustics Procedure for describing aircraft noise heard on the ground. SANS 656, Sound level meters. Amdt 2 SANS 61672-1/IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: Specifications. Amdt 1 2.2 Other publications FAA, Integrated noise model (INM) (latest vers
22、ion) users guide. SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 4 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 ambient noise totally encompassing sound in a given situation at a given time, and usually composed of sound from many sources, both near and far 3.2 A-weighted sound
23、 pressure root-mean-square sound pressure, determined by use of frequency-weighting network A (see SANS 61672-1 and SANS 656) Amdt 1; amdt 2 NOTE A-weighted sound pressure is expressed in pascals. 3.3 A-weighted sound pressure level LpAsound pressure level given by the following equation: LpA= 10 lo
24、g (pA/po)2where pAis the A-weighted sound pressure, in pascals; pois the reference sound pressure ( po= 20 Pa) NOTE 1 A-weighted sound pressure levels are expressed in decibels. NOTE 2 The nationally accepted symbol for sound level, dBA, is used throughout the document. 3.4 equivalent continuous A-w
25、eighted sound pressure level LAeq,Tvalue of the A-weighted sound pressure level of a continuous, steady sound that, within a specified time interval T, has the same mean-square sound pressure as a sound under consideration the level of which could vary with time. It is given by the following equatio
26、n: LAeq,T= 10 log 21202Am)(1ttdtptpTwhere LAeq,Tis the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level, in decibels, determined over a time interval Tmthat starts at t1and ends at t2; Tmis the time interval, in seconds; pA(t) is the instantaneous A-weighted sound pressure of the sound signal,
27、in pascals; p0is the reference sound pressure (p0= 20 Pa) NOTE Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure levels are expressed in decibels. SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 5 3.5 equivalent continuous rating level LReq,Tequivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (LAeq,T) during a specifie
28、d time interval, plus specified adjustments for tonal character, and the time of day; and derived from the applicable equation: LReq,T= LAeq,T+ Ct+ Cdnwhere LReq,Tis the equivalent continuous rating level LAeq,Tis the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level, in decibels Ctis the correc
29、tion for tonal character Cdnis the correction for the time of day (or night) NOTE In this latter case the rating level may be indicated by LRdn. 3.6 equivalent continuous day/night rating level LRdnequivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (LAeq,T) during a reference time interval of 24
30、h, plus specified adjustments for tonal character, impulsiveness of the sound and the time of day; and derived from the applicable equation: ()dB1024241024log10/10nnReq,/10dReq,Rdn +=+ kLL ddL where d is the number of daytime hours LReq,dis the rating level for daytime LReq,n is the rating level for
31、 night-time knis the adjustment of 10 dBA added to the night-time rating level 3.7 land use recommended or intended use of a delineated area of land 3.8 noise contour contour formed by connecting points of equal noise levels, as calculated in accordance with clauses 4 and 5, that can be indicated on
32、 a map of the airport Amdt 2 3.9 noise descriptor equivalent continuous day/night rating level (LRdn) used to assess the compatibility of the different land uses with the outdoor noise environment SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 6 3.10 relevant authority minister, provincial authority or municipality 3.
33、11 reference time interval time periods that are regarded as typical for the sound exposure of the community within a period of 24 h For the purposes of this standard, the following applies: Daytime: 06:00 to 22:00 Night-time: 22:00 to 06:00 Deleted by amendment No. 2. 3.12 specific noise component
34、of the ambient noise which can be specifically identified by acoustical means and which may be associated with a specific source 3.13 yearly equivalent continuous day/night rating level LRdn,yequivalent continuous day/night rating levels, in decibels, averaged over a year. It is given by the followi
35、ng equation: LRdn,y= 10 log =3651i10/i,Rdn103651 Lwhere LRdn,i is the day/night noise level for the i thday of one year, in decibels 4 Noise contours The determination of noise contours forms an essential part of the long-term planning of land uses around existing and future airports. The policies a
36、nd requirements regarding the determination of noise contours are given in the relevant legislation and include, inter alia, the following: a) the characteristics of airports for which noise contours shall be determined; b) when, and for which operations, the noise contours have to be determined, fo
37、r example, for existing operations, for operations after completion of a new airport or for operations projected for the design air movement capacity of the airport; Amdt 2 NOTE For planning and evaluation purposes, it may be valuable to calculate contours for particular milestones in the developmen
38、t of an airport or for the capacity of the airport. c) the recalculation of the noise contours. SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 7 5 Prediction model 5.1 Method Use the computer program given in the Integrated Noise Model (INM) (latest version) users guide that is developed and issued by the Federal Avia
39、tion Administration (FAA) to calculate the noise contours around the airport. NOTE 1 The INM is updated by the FAA on an ongoing basis and the user should ensure that the latest available version is used (see clause 2). NOTE 2 The input data required by the INM model is given in annex A. 5.2 Noise d
40、escriptor Use the yearly equivalent continuous day/night rating level (LRdn,y) (see 3.13), to determine the noise contours. 6 Reports The report on the determination of noise contours for a particular airport shall include at least the following: a) a declaration of the model used for the calculatio
41、ns; b) clear description and listing of the input data used for the calculations; c) the assumptions made for the calculations; d) the noise contours determined for the following yearly equivalent continuous day/night rating levels (LRdn,y) 45 LRdn,y 50 LRdn,y 55 LRdn,y 60 LRdn,y 65 LRdn,y 70 LRdn,y
42、 75 LRdn,y 80 LRdn,ye) the noise contours, determined in accordance with (d), superimposed on existing land use on a geo-cadastral map. SANS 10117:2008 Edition 2.2 8 Annex A (informative) Input data required by the INM model The following input data are required in order to run the INM: Aircraft ope
43、rations (these include, for example: aircraft types; runway used; flight track used; origin or destination of flight; time of day) Aircraft types Airport elevation Airport reference point (latitude and longitude) Average humidity Average temperature Flight profile or Flight distance Flight tracks Na
44、vigation aids and fixes used at the airport Noise metric Reference pressure Runway names and end points (latitude and longitude) Substitution aircraft types NOTE INM is an average value model. The user should make every effort to determine accurate, realistic average values for input data. Standards South Africa
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